Incidence and prevalence features of pneumonia among children aged < 5 years in Ningbo city, 2016: an analysis on data from regional health information platform
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摘要:
目的 了解浙江省宁波市 < 5岁儿童肺炎发病情况及其流行特征,为制定儿童肺炎防控措施提供参考依据。 方法 收集宁波市区域卫生信息平台2016年1月1日 — 12月31日报告的 < 5岁儿童肺炎病例资料,分析宁波市 < 5岁儿童肺炎的发病率及其流行特征。 结果 宁波市2016年 < 5岁儿童肺炎发病3 207例次(2 722例),发病率为1.52 %;其中男童和女童肺炎分别发病1 822例次(1 574例)和1 385例次(1 198例),肺炎发病率分别为1.68 %和1.35 %。1岁~组和3岁~组肺炎发病率较高,分别为1.91 %和2.33 %;4岁~组最低,为0.85 %。1月和10 — 12月是发病高峰,占肺炎总发病例次的54.29 %。发病1和2次的儿童分别为2 416和297例,占总发病例数的87.16 %和10.71 %。有7价肺炎疫苗和23价肺炎疫苗免疫史的儿童分别为277和359例,占总发病例数的9.99 %和12.95 %;有2015/2016流感季流感疫苗接种史的儿童164例,占总发病例数的5.92 %。 结论 宁波市 < 5岁儿童肺炎秋冬季高发,年龄呈1岁和3岁2个高峰,病例相关疫苗接种率较低。 Abstract:Objective To examine the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of pneumonia among children aged < 5 years in Ningbo city and to provide evidences for developing child pneumonia prevention and control strategies. Methods We collected data on pneumonia cases of under 5 years old registered in Ningbo city from January 1st to December 31st, 2016 via Ningbo municipal health information platform. Then we analyzed the incidence and characteristics of the pneumonia epidemic. Results During the year, totally 3 207 person-times (2 722 cases) of under 5-year pneumonia incidents were reported among permanent residents in Ningbo city, with an incidence rate of 1.52%; the number of reported cases was 1 822 (1 574 cases) and 1 385 (1 185 cases) person-times for the boys and girls, with the incidence rate of 1.68% and 1.35%, respectively. The incidence rate was higher in the 1- and 3-year old children (1.91% and 2.33%) and the lowest among 4-year old children (0.85%). The incidence rate was higher in January and from October to December and the number registered in the four months accounted for 54.29% of the all cases registered in the year. Of all the registered cases, 87.16% (2 416) and 10.71% (297) had the disease incident once and twice, respectively; 9.99% (277) and 12.95% (359) had the vaccination history of 7-valent and 23-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; and 5.92% (164) had the vaccination history of 2015 – 2016 seasonal influenza vaccine. Conclusion Pneumonia incidence is higher during autumn-winter season among children aged < 5 years in Ningbo city and the incidence is higher among the children aged 1- and 3-year old; the inoculation rate of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is low among the children. -
Key words:
- pneumonia /
- incidence /
- children under 5 years old /
- prevalence characteristics
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表 1 宁波市2016年 < 5岁儿童肺炎发病情况
年龄(岁) 男童 女童 合计 发病例次 发病率(%) 发病例次 发病率(%) 发病例次 发病率(%) 0~ 314 1.23 223 0.80 537 1.01 1~ 417 1.95 311 1.59 781 1.91 2~ 385 1.61 301 1.39 686 1.51 3~ 516 2.44 423 2.20 939 2.33 4~ 137 0.83 127 0.86 264 0.85 合计 1 822 1.68 1 385 1.35 3 207 1.52 表 2 宁波市2016年 < 5岁儿童肺炎发病前免疫史分布情况比较
免疫史 0岁~组 1岁~组 2岁~组 3岁~组 4岁~组 χ2值b P值b n % n % n % n % n % 7价肺炎疫苗 无 495 98.80 619 92.39 508 87.14 678 85.18 195 87.84 18.73 < 0.01 1针次 0 0.00 0 0.00 4 0.69 9 1.13 6 2.70 2针次 2 0.40 2 0.30 5 0.86 15 1.88 1 0.45 3针次 1 0.20 9 1.34 8 1.37 19 2.39 7 3.15 4针次 3 0.60 40 5.97 58 9.95 75 9.42 13 5.86 23价肺炎疫苗 无 501 100.00 670 100.00 440 75.47 620 77.89 182 81.98 4.01 0.14 有 143 24.53 176 22.11 40 18.02 流感疫苗a 无 493 98.40 598 89.25 556 95.37 753 94.60 208 93.69 有 8 1.60 72 10.75 27 4.63 43 5.40 14 6.31 23.10 < 0.01 注:a 流感疫苗接种史为2015/2016流感季流感疫苗接种情况;b 7价肺炎疫苗和流感疫苗为1岁~、2岁~、3岁~和4岁~组进行比较,23价肺炎疫苗为2岁~、3岁~和4岁~组进行比较。 -
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