Height and weight among 7 – 18 years old urban and rural primary and high school students in Sichuan province: a cross-sectional analysis with LMS method
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摘要:
目的 利用偏度 – 中位数 – 变异系数法(LMS法)构建儿童青少年身高体重百分位曲线图,评价城乡儿童青少年生长发育差异,推广LMS方法在儿童青少年生长发育领域的应用。 方法 采用整群抽样方法,抽取2018年四川省7~18周岁中小学生25 475人,采用LMS法构建儿童青少年身高体重P5、P50和P95百分位曲线图,分析农村地区与城市地区身高和体重P5、P50、P95差值d变化情况。 结果 城市与农村地区男生身高的P5、P50、P95差值d分别为0.03、1.20和1.60 cm;城市与农村地区女生身高的P5、P50、P95差值d分别为– 0.32、0.88和0.95 cm;P50身高差值d为男生(1.20 cm)> 女生(0.88 cm);身高差值d均为P95 > P50 > P5。城市与农村地区男生体重的P5、P50、P95差值d分别为0.18、0.96和1.85 kg;城市与农村地区女生体重的P5、P50、P95差值d分别为– 0.25、0.29和1.55 kg;P50体重差值d为男生(0.96 kg)> 女生(0.29 kg);体重差值d均为P95 > P50 > P5。 结论 男生身高和体重城乡差异较女生大;高百分位人群身高城乡差别较大,呈现较大差异化;随着年龄组增加,P50、P95人群身高和体重城乡差值d呈现出从小变大再到显著减少的情况。 Abstract:Objective To construct percentile curves for height and weight of child and adolescent students using coefficient of skewness-median-coefficient of variation – Lambda-Mu-Sigma (LMS) method and to analyze rural urban difference in growth and development of the students for the application of LMS method in relevant researches. Methods Using cluster random sampling, we selected 25 475 students aged 7 – 18 years in 110 primary and high schools in urban and rural regions across Sichuan province in 2018. Based on the data of height and weight measurement, the 5th, 50th and 95th percentile (P5, P50 and P95) curves for the urban and rural students were constructed using LMS method with the software (LMS chartmaker Light Version 2.54) and the differences between the urban and rural students with the height and weight of P5, P50 and P95 values were analyzed. Results The urban and rural differences in average height for the boy students with the P5, P50 and P95 value were 0.03, 1.20 and 1.60 cm, and those for the girl students were – 0.32, 0.88 and 0.95 cm; while, the urban and rural differences in average weight for the boy students with the P5, P50 and P95 value were 0.18, 0.96 and 1.85 kg, and those for the girl students were – 0.25, 0.29 and 1.55 kg, respectively. Conclusion For the child and adolescent students in Sichuan province, the urban and rural difference in average height and weight are larger in the boy students than in the girl students and both the differences are larger in the students with higher percentile values than in the students with lower percentile values. For the students with 50th and 95th percentile value of height and weight, the urban and rural differences increase first and then decrease with the increment of the sutdents′ age. -
Key words:
- Sichuan province /
- primary and high school students /
- height /
- weight
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表 1 2018年四川省7~18岁中小学生身高城乡比较(cm)
性别 年龄(岁) P5 P50 P95 城市 农村 d 城市 农村 d 城市 农村 d 男生 7 109.60 114.17 – 4.58 123.25 123.55 – 0.30 134.51 133.31 1.20 8 115.98 118.51 – 2.53 129.06 128.49 0.56 141.09 139.01 2.08 9 121.75 122.76 – 1.00 134.39 133.37 1.02 147.07 144.65 2.42 10 127.00 126.92 0.08 139.38 138.16 1.22 152.53 150.18 2.35 11 132.51 131.69 0.82 144.90 143.56 1.34 158.25 156.23 2.02 12 139.05 137.45 1.60 151.70 149.83 1.86 164.82 162.78 2.04 13 146.12 144.03 2.09 158.92 156.54 2.37 171.33 169.13 2.19 14 151.91 150.18 1.73 164.39 162.32 2.08 175.85 174.11 1.74 15 155.71 154.74 0.97 167.69 166.26 1.43 178.37 177.26 1.11 16 157.94 157.52 0.42 169.53 168.56 0.98 179.73 178.99 0.73 17 159.23 158.95 0.28 170.57 169.71 0.86 180.48 179.85 0.63 18 160.08 159.65 0.43 171.25 170.27 0.99 180.98 180.26 0.72 女生 7 107.80 112.27 – 4.47 122.25 122.06 0.19 133.32 133.02 0.29 8 114.47 117.25 – 2.78 128.49 127.82 0.67 140.22 139.12 1.10 9 121.08 122.22 – 1.14 134.56 133.51 1.05 146.78 144.89 1.89 10 127.53 127.71 – 0.18 140.52 139.50 1.02 152.78 150.75 2.03 11 133.89 133.81 0.07 146.21 145.50 0.71 157.94 156.48 1.46 12 139.80 139.52 0.27 151.16 150.43 0.73 162.04 161.02 1.03 13 144.61 143.79 0.82 154.96 153.79 1.17 165.02 163.97 1.05 14 147.62 146.59 1.03 157.25 155.95 1.30 166.70 165.81 0.89 15 149.02 148.14 0.88 158.28 157.14 1.14 167.43 166.81 0.62 16 149.49 148.89 0.60 158.63 157.71 0.91 167.67 167.29 0.38 17 149.59 149.11 0.48 158.70 157.89 0.82 167.73 167.43 0.30 18 149.66 149.13 0.53 158.75 157.90 0.85 167.76 167.44 0.32 注:d 代表城市与农村地区中小学生身高差值。 表 2 2018年四川省7~18岁中小学男生体重城乡比较(kg)
性别 年龄(岁) P5 P50 P95 城市 农村 d 城市 农村 d 城市 农村 d 男生 7 18.36 19.25 – 0.89 24.06 24.35 – 0.29 35.87 34.84 1.03 8 20.59 21.08 – 0.48 27.26 26.96 0.30 40.98 39.06 1.92 9 22.75 23.17 – 0.41 30.41 29.98 0.43 46.00 43.94 2.06 10 24.98 25.27 – 0.29 33.69 33.07 0.62 51.06 48.85 2.20 11 27.58 27.51 0.07 37.48 36.35 1.12 56.49 53.85 2.64 12 30.88 30.31 0.57 42.08 40.29 1.80 62.41 59.32 3.10 13 34.99 33.98 1.01 47.30 45.08 2.22 68.51 65.31 3.20 14 39.29 38.12 1.16 52.11 49.98 2.13 73.65 70.90 2.75 15 42.79 41.86 0.93 55.58 54.00 1.58 76.92 75.09 1.83 16 45.19 44.72 0.47 57.80 56.86 0.94 78.73 77.77 0.96 17 46.79 46.66 0.13 59.23 58.73 0.50 79.80 79.36 0.44 18 47.97 48.13 – 0.16 60.27 60.10 0.16 80.53 80.46 0.07 女生 7 18.03 18.54 – 0.51 23.11 23.32 – 0.20 32.87 32.32 0.54 8 20.03 20.39 – 0.36 26.11 25.98 0.12 37.57 36.41 1.15 9 22.09 22.57 – 0.48 29.27 29.17 0.10 42.49 41.19 1.30 10 24.45 25.23 – 0.78 32.91 33.03 – 0.12 47.83 46.62 1.21 11 27.45 28.27 – 0.82 37.22 37.25 – 0.03 53.52 51.92 1.60 12 31.23 31.65 – 0.43 41.89 41.42 0.47 58.91 56.49 2.42 13 35.44 35.24 0.20 46.26 45.27 0.99 63.16 60.24 2.92 14 38.92 38.50 0.42 49.35 48.40 0.96 65.40 63.01 2.39 15 40.97 40.68 0.29 50.99 50.33 0.66 66.20 64.51 1.69 16 41.82 41.83 – 0.01 51.63 51.30 0.33 66.44 65.20 1.24 17 41.86 42.23 – 0.37 51.66 51.64 0.03 66.45 65.43 1.02 18 42.17 42.32 – 0.15 51.89 51.71 0.18 66.53 65.48 1.05 注:d 代表城市与农村地区中小学生体重差值。 -
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