Professional identity among undergraduates majoring in public health and preventive medicine in the context of COVID-19 epidemic: a cross-sectional survey
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摘要:
目的 了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)疫情背景下公共卫生与预防医学专业本科生职业认同现状,为更好地培养公共卫生专业人才、提升职业认同、稳定专业队伍提供科学依据。 方法 于2020年9 — 10月采用方便抽样方法在中国东部、中部和西部地区抽取北京市(2所)、湖北省(1所)和四川省(1所)共4所医学院校457名公共卫生与预防医学专业本科生进行了标准化电子问卷调查。 结果 最终纳入分析的402名公共卫生与预防医学专业本科生的职业认同总平均分为(3.39 ± 0.52)分,其中职业认知、职业情感、职业行为、职业承诺、职业价值观和职业期望平均得分分别为(2.89 ± 0.52)、(3.17 ± 0.65)、(3.75 ± 0.65)、(3.50 ± 0.76)、(3.58 ± 0.49)和(3.44 ± 0.71)分;多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示,年级较低(β = 0.062,P < 0.001)、独生子女(β = 0.118,P = 0.034)、家中有医务工作者(β = 0.148,P = 0.002)和经历新冠肺炎疫情后较以前更希望毕业后能从事医学相关工作(β = 0.524,P < 0.001)的公共卫生与预防医学专业本科生具有较高的职业认同感。 结论 公共卫生与预防医学专业本科生职业认同处于中等水平,且受在读年级、是否独生子女、家中有无医务工作者、社会突发事件背景等多种因素影响。 -
关键词:
- 职业认同 /
- 本科生 /
- 公共卫生与预防医学专业 /
- 新型冠状病毒肺炎
Abstract:Objective To examine the status of professional identity among undergraduates majoring in public health and preventive medicine in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic for providing evidences to the training of public health professional, improvement of professional identity and stabilization of professional workforce in China. Methods Using convenient sampling, we recruited 457 undergraduates majoring in public health and preventive medicine in four universities in Beijing city, Hubei and Sichuan province for an online survey conducted during September – October, 2020. A self-designed questionnaire was used in the study. Results For the 402 participants with valid information, the average score of professional identity was 3.39 ± 0.52, indicating a moderate level of professional identity; the average scores of six professional identity dimensions were 2.89 ± 0.52 for cognition, 3.17 ± 0.65 for emotion, 3.75 ± 0.65 for behavior, 3.50 ± 0.76 for commitment, 3.58 ± 0.49 for value, and 3.44 ± 0.71 for expectation, respectively. Multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis showed that the participants with following characteristics were more likely to have a higher professional identity: studying in lower grade (β = 0.062, P < 0.001), being an only child (β = 0.118, P = 0.034), with a family member engaged in medical work (β = 0.148, P = 0.002), and preferring to work as a medical worker after experiencing COVID-19 epidemic (β = 0.524, P < 0.001). Conclusion Among the Chinese undergraduates majoring in public health and preventive medicine, the professional identity is at a moderate level and mainly influenced by studying grade, whether being an only child, whether with a medical worker in family members and experience of public health emergency. -
Key words:
- professional identity /
- undergraduates /
- public health and preventive medicine /
- COVID-19
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表 1 不同特征公共卫生与预防医学专业本科生职业认同得分情况比较
特征 职业认同各维度平均分(分,x ± s) 总平均分
(分,x ± s)职业认知 职业情感 职业承诺 职业行为 职业期望 职业价值观 地区 东部 2.96 ± 0.55 3.22 ± 0.59 3.55 ± 0.78 3.79 ± 0.64 3.45 ± 0.72 3.62 ± 0.47 3.43 ± 0.52 中部 2.82 ± 0.48 3.23 ± 0.63 3.51 ± 0.75 3.80 ± 0.60 3.45 ± 0.69 3.59 ± 0.53 3.40 ± 0.51 西部 2.71 ± 0.43 b 2.91 ± 0.83 b 3.27 ± 0.69 a 3.57 ± 0.72 a 3.40 ± 0.71 3.41 ± 0.48 b 3.21 ± 0.53 b 性别 男生 2.88 ± 0.56 3.12 ± 0.69 3.43 ± 0.79 3.70 ± 0.69 3.40 ± 0.82 3.59 ± 0.54 3.35 ± 0.57 女生 2.89 ± 0.50 3.21 ± 0.62 3.54 ± 0.73 3.79 ± 0.62 3.47 ± 0.62 3.57 ± 0.46 3.41 ± 0.48 年级 大一 3.04 ± 0.58 3.16 ± 0.70 3.65 ± 0.71 3.78 ± 0.71 3.62 ± 0.68 3.64 ± 0.49 3.48 ± 0.56 大二 3.02 ± 0.49 3.30 ± 0.61 3.72 ± 0.80 3.85 ± 0.63 3.51 ± 0.75 3.67 ± 0.54 3.51 ± 0.53 大三 2.83 ± 0.45 3.02 ± 0.76 3.26 ± 0.78 3.77 ± 0.60 3.32 ± 0.68 3.49 ± 0.39 3.28 ± 0.49 大四 2.73 ± 0.50 3.22 ± 0.56 3.44 ± 0.68 3.71 ± 0.64 3.35 ± 0.73 3.50 ± 0.52 3.33 ± 0.48 大五 2.69 ± 0.50 c 3.14 ± 0.56 3.29 ± 0.69 c 3.61 ± 0.66 3.31 ± 0.69 b 3.52 ± 0.47 3.26 ± 0.48 b 生源地 城市 2.89 ± 0.54 3.22 ± 0.66 3.58 ± 0.78 3.85 ± 0.64 3.53 ± 0.68 3.64 ± 0.47 3.45 ± 0.51 农村 2.87 ± 0.50 3.09 ± 0.64 3.33 ± 0.70 b 3.57 ± 0.62 c 3.27 ± 0.74 c 3.47 ± 0.51 c 3.27 ± 0.52 c 是否专业调剂后录取 否 2.92 ± 0.53 3.21 ± 0.63 3.60 ± 0.74 3.79 ± 0.70 3.51 ± 0.74 3.63 ± 0.54 3.44 ± 0.54 是 2.84 ± 0.51 3.13 ± 0.67 3.37 ± 0.77 b 3.72 ± 0.58 3.35 ± 0.67 a 3.52 ± 0.42 a 3.32 ± 0.49 a 是否获得过奖学金 否 2.92 ± 0.53 3.15 ± 0.68 3.53 ± 0.79 3.69 ± 0.68 3.35 ± 0.74 3.58 ± 0.50 3.37 ± 0.54 是 2.84 ± 0.51 3.21 ± 0.61 3.45 ± 0.72 3.85 ± 0.59 a 3.56 ± 0.67 b 3.58 ± 0.48 3.41 ± 0.49 是否独生子女 否 2.86 ± 0.49 3.10 ± 0.62 3.38 ± 0.72 3.69 ± 0.62 3.31 ± 0.72 3.49 ± 0.48 3.30 ± 0.50 是 2.91 ± 0.56 3.24 ± 0.67 a 3.60 ± 0.78 b 3.81 ± 0.67 3.55 ± 0.70 b 3.66 ± 0.49 c 3.46 ± 0.53 b 家中是否有医务工作者 无 2.82 ± 0.51 3.08 ± 0.62 3.40 ± 0.74 3.67 ± 0.65 3.36 ± 0.69 3.51 ± 0.49 3.31 ± 0.50 有 2.98 ± 0.53 b 3.31 ± 0.67 b 3.64 ± 0.77 b 3.89 ± 0.63 b 3.56 ± 0.73 b 3.68 ± 0.48 a 3.51 ± 0.53 a 经历新冠肺炎疫情后较以前是否
更希望毕业后能从事相关工作否 2.53 ± 0.49 2.79 ± 0.69 2.96 ± 0.69 3.37 ± 0.65 2.93 ± 0.71 3.22 ± 0.43 2.97 ± 0.45 是 2.99 ± 0.49 c 3.29 ± 0.59 c 3.66 ± 0.71 c 3.87 ± 0.60 c 3.59 ± 0.64 c 3.69 ± 0.46 c 3.52 ± 0.47 c 注:各组内比较,a P < 0.05,b P < 0.01,c P < 0.001。 -
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