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2002 Vol. 18, No. 12

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Effect of Environmental Disruptors on Prolieration of Ovarian PEO4
YU Zeng-Li, ZHANG Li-shi, WU De-sheng
2002, 18(12): 1409-1411. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-01
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Objective To study the effects of environmental disruptors(4-n-nonyphenol,bisphenolABisA,dibutylphthalate DBP)on the prolieration of human ovarian tumor cells(SKOV 3).Methods Estragen receptor-positive PEO4 cell was grown in DMEM medium containing 10% bovine serum.Five days before the addition of the test compounds,the cells were washed in phosphate-buffered saline,and the medium was substituted by a phenol red-free DMEM medium containing 5% dextran charcoal-stripped PBS.The respective test compounds were added in fresh red-free DEME medium(including four dosimetric systems)and the control cell received only the vehicle(ethanol).The prolieration of MCF-7 was analyzed by MTT assay,3H-TdR incoporation assay and flow sytometer.Results 3.2μmol/LN P,32μmol/LBisA and 960μmol/LDBP produced the similar effects on SKOV 3 cell line with the estradiol trough 72h treatment.Namely,the tested compounds all markedly enhanced prolieration and DNA synthesis of PEO4 cell,promoted cell into S cell cycle phase and elevated mitotic index.The results shown time-dependent and dose-dependent model.Conclusion The tested chemicals all enhanced the prolieration of etragen receptor-positive PEO4 cell.The current results suggested that these chemicals possessed estrogenic activity and the rising of environmental disruptors might account for the increasing incidence of female genital cancers in recent years.
Comparison of Two-year Follow-up Immunogenicity Between Live Attenuated Hepatitis A Vaccine and Imported Inactivated Vaccine
GONG Jian, LUO Dong, LIU Jing-ye
2002, 18(12): 1412-1413. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-02
Abstract(1130) PDF 499KB(101)
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Objective To compare immune efficacy of live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine with that of inactivated vaccine.Methods These 217 children aged 6-12 years with negative anti-HAVIg G at the enrollment from Liucheng county of Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region were randomized into 4 groups.Groups B and C received the LA-1 strain,a live attenuated HAV vaccine(106.7550,Changchun Institute of Biology Products)according to schedules of 0-6 months and 0-12 months respectively.106.0TCID50 live attenuated HAV vaccine was administered to group D,and inactivated hepatits A vaccine(HavrixTM,720 E1.U,SKB)to group E both at 0,6 month follow-up bloods were taken at month,6,12,24 after the first dose and 1 month after the second dose for all groups with additional samples at month 1 for Group D and E.All samples were tested for anti-HAVIg G using Imx mEIA kit(Abbott Lab.).Results During follow-up,in both schedules,live attenuated vaccine had similar effective seroconversion rates and antibody titers as inactivated vaccine at all points of time except for that of the 0-6 months schedule at 1 month after the booster.In group D with lower dose live attenuated vaccine,the anti-HAV positive rate and level were lower than those in the other groups.Conclusion A high dose of attenuated live HAV vaccine with a booster dose was similar to the inactivated vaccine in immunity effect,demonstrating a good immunogenicity and memory.Booster dose will ensure long-term protection against HAV.
Effects of Proliferation and Apoptosis on Human Keratinocytes with Yttrium Chloride under Serum-free Conditions
CHEN Guo-an, YUAN Li-ya, WANG Xi-qiao
2002, 18(12): 1414-1415. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-03
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Objective To explore the effects of proliferation and apoptosis on human keratinocytes with yttrium chloride(YCl3) under serum-free cultures.Methods The proliferation of human epidermal kerat inocytes was detected by MTT method.Tunel method was used to measure the apoptosis rates after ultraviolet radiation.Results Compared with control group,the proliferation of human kerationcytes showed no significant difference at the lower concentration(<1.0mmol/L) of YCl3(P>0.05),but a apparent growth suppresstion at more than 2.0mmol/L of YCl3(P<0.01).At 0.1mmol/L of YCl3,keratinocytic apoptosis induced by ultraviolet was more significant suppression than the control group(P<0.05),but in the other groups(>0.5mmol/L) of YCl3,the apoptosis showed no difference compared with control group(P >0.05).Conclusion Low concentration of YCl3 had no apparent bad effects on the proliferation of human keratinocytes,and may partly protecthuman keratinocytes from the apoptosis induced by ultraviolet.
Study on Renovating Effect of Zinc-metallothionein on Cadmium-induced Oxidative in Liver and Kidney
YANG Qiao-yuan, DONG Sheng-zhang
2002, 18(12): 1416-1417. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-04
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Objective To study the renovating effect of zinc-metallothionein to cadmium-induced oxidative in liver and kidney.Methods Kunming mice were acted as tested objects to establish the cadmium-poisoning laboratory animal models,then animals were treated with zinc-metallothionein(Zn-MT).Following indexes were assayed,including the contents of malony diadehyde(MDA),the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in liver and kidney,observing the ultrastructure of liver and kidney under transmission electron microscope.Results The contents of DMA in liver and kidney of animals which administrated with Zn-MT decreased and the suppressed activities of antioxidase(SOD、GSH-Px)renovated.The pathomorphologic damages of liver and kidney induced by cadmium were renovated to some extent after administrated with Zn-MT.Conclusion Zn-MThad renovating effect on cadmium-induced oxidative damage in liver and kidney.
Gene and Secondary Structure Analysis on Phage Antibodies Against Clonorchis Sinensis Circulating Antigen
YU Mu-hua, HUANG Wen-fan, LEI Zhi-gang
2002, 18(12): 1418-1419. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-05
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Objective To analyze genes of Fab antibodies against Clonorchis sinensis CAg.Methods DNA sequences of 2 positive antibody clones were determined.Analysis software of NCBI and Ig Blast Analysis of Immunoglobulin sequences were used to analyze their deduced amino acid sequences.Secondary structures of 2 positive clones' Fd fragment and light chain were also modeled.Results The positive clone gene of E38 and E05 were highly homologous to the variable region of human κ light chain and γ heavy chain gene.The deduced amino acid sequences both had typical characters of Ig light and heavy chains'variable regions.The second structures was modeled with analysis software.Peptide chains containingβ-sheets were found and turns formed sheet structure in the amino acid sequences of these two clones.This strucure accorded with the model of Ig secondary structure.Conclusion Both E38 and B05 positive antibody clones belonged toκchain andγchains Fd variable region of human Ig gene.
2002, 18(12): 1419-1419. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-06
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Multistate Markov Model for Epidemiological Study on Chronic Diseases
DING Yuan-lin, KONG Dan-li, NI Zong-zan
2002, 18(12): 1420-1422. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-07
Abstract(1173) PDF 669KB(134)
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Objective To accelerate the generalization and application of multistate Markov model during the epidemiological study on chronic diseases.Methods First introducing the basic principle of multistate Markov model,and then appling it to study factors influencing the various stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Results The results gained by applying multistate Markov model to study factors influencing the various stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus were satisfied.Conclusion Multistate Markov model was an available tool probing into factors influencing the various stages of chronic diseases,and had wide prospect during the epidemiological study on chronic diseases.
Morphologic Observation of Papaya on Anoxic Damaged Cerebral Neurocytes of Preventive Efficacy
CHANG Hong, HUANG Guo-wei, ZHANG Wen-zhi
2002, 18(12): 1422-1424. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-08
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Objective To observe the effects of papaya on the preventive efficacy of cerebral neurocytes following anoxic damage in vitro.Methods The rat embryonic cerebral neurocytes were cultured with serum-free medium which papaya was added in and were divided into four grous(group Ⅰ anoxic damage 0mg/ml,group Ⅱ anoxic damage 0.1mg/ml,group Ⅲ anoxic damage 0.5mg/ml and group Ⅳ non-anoxic damage 0mg/ml).At the end of the experiment,cultured cerebral neurocytes were collected to detect biochemical indexes and make a pathological observation by using electronic microscope.Results Compared with group Ⅰ,the level of DNA in group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ was increased significantly(P<0.05).The morphological observation showed that the number of neurocytes in group Ⅰ decreased,and the appearance of cell was broken,cell boundary was obscure,synapse were thin and short,and apoptosis bodies can be found.In group Ⅱ and Ⅲ,stretched preparation of majority cells was good,the body of neurocytes was full-grown,cell boundary was integrity,synapses were strong and network was dense,chromatin was partly condense,but apoptosis body can not be found.Conclusion Papaya can prevent the anoxic damage of rat cerebral neurocytes.
Study on Effects of New Spin Labled Derivatives of Podophyllotoxin(GP-14) on Apoptosis and Telomerase Activity of Human Leukemia Cell Line HL-60
LIANG Ya-ling, YEN Shao-pu, ZHAO Jin-chgng
2002, 18(12): 1425-1427. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-09
Abstract(1060)
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Objective To investigate the antitumor activities and apoptosis mechanisms of 4β-N-〔4"-(2",2",6",6"-tetramethyl-1",2",5",6"-tetrahydrogenpyridine-1"-nitroxyl)-amido〕-4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin(GP-14) on HL-60 cells.Methods MTT colorimetric assay,electron microscope,agar gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry were used to detect the effects of GP-14 on HL-60 cells.The telomerase activity was detected by TRAP-ELISA assay.Results The growth of HL-60 cells were suppressed apparently by GP-14.In some extent of dosage and time,GP-14 induced the apoptosis of HL-60 cells.The apoptosis rate was 43.8% incubated by 5.0μmol/LGP-14 for 48 hours.GP-14 resulted in the inhibition of telomeraseactivity.Conclusion GP-14 could induce the apoptosis of HL-60,inhibit telomeraseactivity specifically.It's inhibitation was stronger than that of VP-16 with same concentration,which provided basis for further study for clinical use.
Analysis on Single-Strand-Conformation Polymorphism of 16S rRNA Gene of Five Species Food-borne Pathogenic Bacteria
YANG Wen-min, HE Min, WU Xiao-ming
2002, 18(12): 1427-1428. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-10
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Objective To detect five species food-borne pathogenic bacteria Salmonellaty phimurium,Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Shigellosis Flex neri Bacillus cereus to analyse single-strand-conformation polymorphism(SSCP)of the 16Sr RNA gene,and investigate the possible role of this technology at rapid indentification of bacteria.Methods After the number of five bacter ia strains of food poisoning was increaed,the bacteria DNA was extracted.A pair of special primers for amplification located in 16SrRNA sequence flanking a variable region were designed,and analysis of the amplified product was based on the principle of SSCP.Results All the strains separ ated two or more special bands,and the distances and relative position of band pattern were different from each other but with good repetition.The sensitivity of this technique obtained for Salmonella typhimurium was 10-15 CFU.Conclusion The 16S rRNA gene of five pathogenic bacteria strains by SSCP assay were species-specific patterns,this technique was helpful to rapid,accurate,molecular identification of pathogenic bacteria of food poisoning.
Effects of Low Level Lead Diet on Cellular Immune Function in Mice
ZHONG Zhen-wei, WANG Jing
2002, 18(12): 1429-1430. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-11
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Objective To observe effects of low level lead diet on cellular immune function in mice.Methods Mice were randomly divided into six groups.They received different level lead diets for eight weeks.Serum TNF-αlevel and lymphocyte subsets were measured.The pathological and ultra structural changes of spleen were determined.Results Low level lead diet resulted in a decreased number of CD4 T-cell.But significant difference was found in CD8 T-cell among all groups(P<0.05).Serum TNF-αin the lowest level was significantly increased;but other groups were lower than control group.The splenic coefficients of all trial groups significantly decreased compared with the control group.Conclusion The low level of lead diet,even at relative low level of lead diet could impaire cell-mediated immunity and be harmful to the spleen and thymus.In spite of no other overt clinical disorder,immune function was impaired.
2002, 18(12): 1430-1430. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-12
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Experimental Study on Effect of Aluminum on Rat’s Embryonic Development in Vitro
ZHANG Ben-zhong, GAO Xiao-ling, WU De-sheng
2002, 18(12): 1431-1432. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-13
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Objective To discuss developmental toxicity and mechanism of aluminum.Methods Embryos of SD rat on day 9.5 of gestation were explanted and cultured in a whole-embryo culture system with exposure to Al2(SO4)3 at Al3+ concentrations for 48 hrs in order to understand the developmental toxicity of aluminum.After 48hrs in culture,each viable embryo was evaluated by Brown's morphological scoring system.Yolk sac diameter,crown-rump length,head length and embryonic dry weight were measured.Results Dose-dependent decreases in embryonic development parameters and Brown's scores were observed with Al3+ concentration.Yolk sac diameter,dry weight,neural tube,heart and flexion scores decreased significantly at 1.2μg/ml(P<0.05).When exposure doses at ≥3.0μg/ml,the embryonic development and morphogenetic differentiation were obviously inhibited(P<0.05 or P<0.01),as well as the incidence of dysmorphogenesis significantly increased,including dorsiflexion and neural tube defects.Conclusion Aluminum was a developmental toxicant and dysmorphogent in rat.
Expression of GAP-43 in Hippocampal Formation During Brain Developmental Critical Period of both Hypothyroid and Excessive Iodine Rats
TIE Li-jun, PAN Jian-ping, HU Xiao
2002, 18(12): 1433-1436. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-14
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Objective To study the expression of GAP-43 hippocampal formation during brain developmental critical period of both hypothyroid and excessive iodine rats.Methods The model of hypothyroid and excessive iodine rats were established by pre-treatment with Thiamazole and Injection of iodine respectively,analysis of thyroid hormones,immunocytochemical method combining with image analysis were used to observe changes of GAP-43 in hippocampal formation of both normal and hypothroid as well as excessive iodine neonatal rats.Results The distribution tendency of GAP-43 in hippocampal formation was similarity in experimental pups as compared to age-matched controls.The grey values of GAP-43 were decreased in hypothyroidism(P<0.01),there were no statistical difference between excessive iodine pups and control(P> 0.05)of CA1 hippocampal formation during critical period of brain development.Conclusion (1)Excessive iodine could lead to thyroid hormones imbalance;(2)GAP-43 may be a molecular that thyroid hormones regulated directly or indirectly.By regulating GAP-43,thyroid hormones had an effect on Go protein signal transduction system,as occured in the wake of the second signal process and may affect the abilities of learning and memory.
2002, 18(12): 1435-1435. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-15
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Clone and Expression of Total NP and NP Type Specific Region Coding Gene of SEO Virus
MA Shi-heng, CHEN Yu-ping, AN Hong-ming
2002, 18(12): 1436-1438. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-16
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Objective To establish a simple and reliable method for measurement of SEO serotype in Hantan virus.Methods Total NP gene and its type specific region gene were amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RTPCR).After TA clone,vector constr uction fo Cui-ss,Cui-155 baculovirus and transposition,recombinant baculovirus was obtained.By reinfection of Sf9 cell,expression was achieved.Results Expression product which cloning and expressing total NP coding region and type specific coding region(amino acid from 155 to 429)was in full agreement with VeroE6 cell infected by virus str ain in reaction band.Expression product could combine with its type specific McAb.Conclusion The method of clone and expression of the SEO virus antigen from NP and NP type specific region coding gene was established,and made simple and reliable measurement method of SEO serotype in Hantaan virus possible.
2002, 18(12): 1438-1438. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-17
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Study on Spective IgM Activing C1q Circulating Immune Complexes in Pulmonary Tuberrculosis’ Patients
FU Wen-hong, HUANG Xue-fang, PENG Xuan-xian
2002, 18(12): 1439-1440. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-18
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Objective To define the concentration and immunity biological significance of IgM and C1q of two determined circulating immune complexes(IgM/C1q -TCIC) in pulmonary tuberrculosis'(TB) patients.Methods Using goat IgG anti-human C1q for coated antibody,HRP-goat IgG anti-human IgM for detected antibody.A capture ELISA method was established to detect IgM/C1q-TCIC of 127 cases of TB,25 cases of lung cancer,27 cases of pneumonia.Results The levels of serum IgM/C1q-TCIC in patients with pneumonia disease placed in order were TBlung cancerpneumonia.The amount of IgM/C1q-TCIC in TB patients had no relation to age,sex,Ig,C3,ALT and the other clinical indicator,which was related to first or further treament and active or nonactive periods.Conclusion IgM/C1q-TCIC in TB patients was an protecting reaction of eliminating antigens of bodies,which was closely related to immunity reactivity.IgM/C1q-TCIC could be an useful index to evaluate the whole body immune reaction.
Study on Coexpression of Env/IFNα-2b Fusion Gene in Vaccinia Virus
WANG Hong-jun, JIN Ning-yi, WANG Gui-jun
2002, 18(12): 1441-1443. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-19
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Objective pJ16 was used expression vector,Env gene encoding type Ⅰ envelope protein of AIDS virus(HIV) and encoding interferon α-2b gene of human were inserted on the downstream of the hybid promotor,where HA gene of the vaccinia virus unnecessary areas was the flank and there were 16 p7.5 promtors of mutant-type vaccinia virus.Methods A-type inclusion later promoter of vaccinia virus and vJ-env-IFNα-2b was acquired by homologous recombination with the natural vaccinia virus an selection of the HA-plaque as substrate.Results The analysis of IFA.dot blot,SDS-PAGE,Western blot and Dot-ELISA.That the recombinant viruses could express Env/IFNα-2b,whose molecular weight was 100kDa.In the mice immunization expreiment,the OD value of the serum antibodies to HIV-1(P<0.001) in groups.There was difference between contain IFN and vJ16env.Conclusion The expressed env/IFNα-2b proteins both had good reactinogenicity and immunogenicity.
Study on Purification Treatment of Sewage of Hospital
YANG Xiang-xia, ZHANG Feng-lei, CHEN Yi-juan
2002, 18(12): 1444-1445. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-20
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Objective To study technology of pruification treatment of sewage of hospital.Methods By using biological oxidation and ozone disinfection for the treated sewage of hospital,effects on quality of the sewage were investig ated.Results After sewage of hospital was treated,the quality was improved sig nificantly.Conclusion The purification technology of using biological oxidation and ozone disinfection was very effective for treatment of sewage of hospital,which could be widely applied to treat sew age of hospital.
2002, 18(12): 1445-1445. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-21
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Study on Effects of Battrey Recycling on Environment and Blood Lead of Children Living in Villages
HU Gang, WANG Zu-bing, WU Li-bin
2002, 18(12): 1446-1448. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-22
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Objective In order to analyse the effects of battery recycling on environment and blood lead of children and to provide scientific basis for making enviroment under control and preventing lead poison of children.Methods Blood lead levels of children aged 5-9 years were tested,who living in heavy,moderate lead pollutant areas and control area.Lead levels in air,soil,drinking water and crops were determined.Results Lead pollution of air,soil and wheat in heavy polluted area was most seriously(average value is 0.016 3mg/m3,1.161 4mg/kg,7.905 0mg/kg respectively).Lead content of drinking water was obviously more than that of clear area,although it lowered the national standard.The air,soil and wheat of moderate polluted area was also polluted by lead to some extent(average value was 0.009 4mg/m3,0.291 0mg/kg,2.427 5mg/kg repsectively).The lead content of drinking water lowered the national standard(average value was 0.004 8mg/L).The air,soil,drinking water and wheat in control area were not polluted by lead(average value was 0.000 47mg/m3,0.053 4mg/kg,0.003 2mg/L,0.365 0mg/kg).The blood lead level of children from three groups were 532μg/L,452μg/L,126μg/L.Conclusion Small battery recycling industry induced serious lead pollution problems,which caused elevated blood lead level of children.It was necessary to carry out a social intervention program.
Study on Levels of Environmental Lead and Preschool Children’s Body Lead as well as its Effect on Health
WANG Lin, ZHANG You-yu, ZHANG Xue-li
2002, 18(12): 1449-1450. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-23
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Objective In order to understand the levels of environmental lead and the preschool children's body lead as well as the effects on children's physical development.Methods Lead contents of air,food and drinking water etc.were determined.Five hundred and one preschool children aged 3-6 years were detected for hair and blood lead levels and 264 of them were checked for physical development.Results It was estimated through calculation that each child in urban took in 54μg lead and in suburb 45μg every day.The hair lead levels of children in urban and in suburb were(18.71±8.8)μg/g and(13.97±8.0)μg/g,and blood lead levels were(131.2±72.1)μg/L and(108.3±68.1)μg/L and in suburb(1μg/L=0.004 83μmol/L),respectively.There were significant differneces between the children's hair and blood lead levels in urban and in suburb(P <0.001).The percentage of≥100μg/L of blood lead concentration in urban was 69.8% and in suburb was 40.1%.The physical development of the two groups of blood lead<100μg/L and≥100μg/L was compared in each age,and there were no significant differencs in height,weight,chest measurement,skull measurement and haemochrome content between the two groups.Conclusion The environmental lead pollution was serious in Chengdu area.The blood lead level and the prevalence of lead poisoning in preschool children were rather high.It was important to prevent the children's lead poisoning.
Case-merely Study on Psoriasis Vulgaris
WEI Sheng-cai, LI Ming, GAO Min
2002, 18(12): 1451-1453. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-24
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Objective To study the HLA-DQA1 *0104,DQA1 *0201,DQA1 *0501 alleles and environmental factors interaction in psoriasis vulgaris.Methods Using case-merely study,176 psoriatics were investigated.The HLA-DQA1 *0104,DQA1*0201 and DQA1*0501 alleles were examined by PCR-SSP.Results (1)The HLA-DQA1*0104 allele and stress were interaction in psoriasis(P=01038 3,OR=0141).(2)The HLA-DQA1*0201 allele,drinking(P=0.045 1,OR=0.52)or operation(P=0.033 2,OR=3.93)were interaction in psoriasis.(3)The HLA-DQA1*0501 allele and vaccination(P=0.014 5,OR=12.0)were interaction in psoriasis.Conclusion The HLA-DQA1*0104,DQA1*0201 and DQA1*0501 alleles improved or reduced risk possibility of environmental factors in psoriasis.
2002, 18(12): 1453-1454. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-25
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Survey on Microcystins in Lake Taihu
CHEN Yan, YU Shun-zheng, LIN Yu-di
2002, 18(12): 1455-1456. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-26
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Objective To investigate the level of microcystins(MC)in source and drinking water of a city along Lake Tiahu where toxic water blooms frequently occurred.Methods An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)with a detection limit of 50ng/L,was used to monitor MC in water samples collected in J uly 2001 from 10 regions of Wuxi city,Jiangsu province in China.Of the 90 samples obtained,each 11 samples were raw and produced water from 7 waterworks that using lake or deep-well water as water sources,48 were household tap water,17 were shallow-well water,and 3 were river water.Results Heavy contamination with MC was observed in all 8 raw water samples from lake Taihu,with a range of 2 699 -14 188ng/L.Trace amount of MC(less than 100ng/L)remained in the treated and household tap water that produced from the lake water.No MC was detected in raw and treated deep-well water.MC was also detected in 5 of 17 shallow-well water,with a range of 64-323ng/L.Only 1 river water was positive for MC.Conclusion Regular water treatments might not be sufficient to remove MC from drinking water during bloom situations.More detailed investigations were required to evaluate the risk of MC contamination in the water supplied in this area.
Analysis on Effects of Air Pollution on Microecology of Children’s Upper Respiratory Tract
XIAO Chun-ling, HAN Xiu-zhen, XI Shu-hua
2002, 18(12): 1457-1458. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-27
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Objective To inquire into the effect of air pollution on microecology of upper respiratory tract and provide scientific basis for microecological prevention and treatment.Methods According to air monitoring material,the children lived in heavy pollution area and light pollution area were randomly sampled in 2000 and 2002.Bacteria floras of children oral and pharynx were measured.Aerobic bacteria were determined with blood agar media and EMB agar,anaerobe bacteria with anaerobic jar and counting,determine.Results There were difference between light and heavy pollution areas in the distribution of bacteria flora of pharynx.The superior bacteria floras in back wall of pharynx of children lived in light area were neisseria(85.6%),peptosueptococcus(54.4%),and α-streptococcus(42.2%) and the superior bacteria floras of students in heavy area were successively neisseria(90.1%),streptococcus pneumoniae(50.6%) and veillonela(48.1%).There were significant differences between light and heavy pollution areas about streptococcus pneumoniae and α-streptococcus(P<0.01),the amount of α-streptococcus of children decreased in heavy area.The type of bacteria of children in heavy area was 24,which higher than that in light area(17).Densities of aerobe and anaerobe bacteria in back wall of pharynx of children lived in heavy air pollution area were higher than that of children lived in light air pollution area(P<0.01).Besides,positive rate of condition pathogenic bacteria of children in heavy area was higher than that in light area(P<0.01).Conclusion Air pollution could change the balance of bacteria floras of upper respiratory tract.The decreas of α-streptococcus resulted in the increas of abnormal bacteria floras,which raised the susceptibility of respiratory disease.
Investigation on Chronic non-communicable Diseases Among Qingdao Urban Residents
ZHANG Dong-feng
2002, 18(12): 1459-1460. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-28
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Objective To understand the prevalence rate of chronic non-communicable diseases and their risk factors among Qingdao urban residents.Methods Cluster random sampling was carried out in prevalence survey.Questionnaire was applied in 3 057 urban residents.Results The prevalence rate of the subjects was 24.58%(female:26.05%,male:22.77%).The prevealence rate of the subjects increased with age(rs=0.562 9,P=0.000 1).The diseases were hypertension,coronary artery disease,arthritis,gastroenteritis and diabetes in order of rate.There was negative relations between the prevalence rate of chronic no-communicable diseases and educational level.There was positive relations between the prevalence rate of chronic no-communicable diseases and some behavior-related risk factors,such as smoking,drinking etc.Conclusion The prevalence rate of chronic diseases was high among Qingdao urban residents.Intervention measures should be taken to prevent and reduce the incidence rate of chronic diseases.
2002, 18(12): 1461-1463. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-29
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Influence of Parental Overweight on Development of Childhood Obesity
YV Yang, LI Hui, XIA Xiu-lan
2002, 18(12): 1463-1464. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-30
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Objective To assess the influence of parental over weight on the development of obesity in children.Methods A total of 9 325 children aged between 6-8 years were studied.Height and weight of children were measured and that of parents wer e self-reported.Children whose weight exceeded 120% of that expected for their height were defined to be obese.Results The prevalene of obesity in childr en was 12.3%,20.0% and 25.0% respectively when their fathers were normal,overweight and obese.The prevalence was 13.8%,26.5% and 30.0% repsectively when their mothers were normal,over weight and obese.The prevalence of obesity in children was 11.1% if neither parents was overweight,and this prevalence rose to 33.6% if both parents were overweight.The BMI of children was cor related markedly with maternal BMI(r=0.214)and also with paternal BMI(r=0.195).Conclusion Parental overweight was a predictor of childhood obesity.It was important and necessary to prevent obesity in children with one or two overweight parents.
Investigation on Relationship Between MTB and HIV Infection in Drug Users
ZENG Chang-hong, LIN Peng, YAO Min
2002, 18(12): 1465-1466. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-31
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Objective To look into the infection status of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)and mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)in drug users(heroin dependant)and the relationship between HIV and MTB.Methods A group of drug users from Guangdong province are tested for HIV antibody,tuberculin skin test with purified protein derivatives(PPD),chest radiographs and socio-demograph survey.Results Sixty-one(7.6%)cases out of 803 drug users were positive anti-HIV;thepositive rate of tuberculin skin test with PPD in 399 drug users was 67.2%(268/399)and 21.3%(85/399)were with strong positive reaction;94.3%(33/35)of 35 cases with strong positive PPD reaction were found with micobacterium tuberculosis focus in their chest radiographs.Conclusion The infection rate of HIV and MTB in drug users was higher than that of normal population.A relation of mutual accelerating is formed by drug use(sharing needles),HIV infection and tuberculosis complications.The control of HIV tuberculosis became a urgent task in public health.
2002, 18(12): 1466-1467. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-32
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Metabolism of Iodine Nutrition of Women During Pregnant Stage and Breast-feed Stage and Their Newborns
WEI Hou-min, WANG Ji-yao, HUANG Wei
2002, 18(12): 1468-1469. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-33
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Objective To comprehend metabolism of iodine nutrition of women during pregnant stage and breast-feed stage.Methods To collect urine and salt of women during pregnant stage(12-14 weeks and 18-22 weeks) and mothers and hers newborns during breast-feed stage.To use method for determination of iodine in urine by As(Ⅲ)-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry to measure urine iodine.Results Urine iodine of 130 early pregnant women decreased rapidly.There were statistical significant differences between early stage pregnant women and 120 non-pregnant women and mid-pregnant stage women(P<0.01),but urine iodine content <100μg/L was 13.3%,urine iodine increased 718.0μg/L(M) during breast-feed stage,urine iodine content >1 000μg/L was 21%,urine iodine content of newborns >800μg/L was 41.0%.Correlation was found between milk iodine of mother and urine iodine of new borns in pregnant group(r=0.211,P<0.05).The above changes in countryside weren't outstanding.Conclusion To replenish iodine in pregnancy should start early,salt iodine was little,and it was diversified in form.The density of salt iodine should be decreased in order to prevent endangerment of high iodine.
Effect of Manganese on Neurobehavioral Functions of Workers Exposed to Manganese
WU Ping, HAN Chun-hua, ZHANG Jie
2002, 18(12): 1470-1471. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-34
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Objective To explore the effect on neurobehavioral functions in welders.Methods WHO neurobehavioral core test battery was applied to exposed and control groups.To choose 51 welders of motorcar factory and 51 workers as cntrol groups who were not exposed to manganese.Results The result showed that scores in tension,depression and anger were significantly lower than those in the control(P<0.01).The digit span,digit symbol,visuaL retention,and manual dexterity of using to the hand,pursuit aiming total number and pursuit aiming right number test were significantly different compared with the control(P<0.01).Conclusion Certain dose manganese had effect on welders who had no self-conscious symptoms at early time,which would result in the disorder of eurobehavioral functions,then induce welders changing of neurobehavioral functions.
Methodological Study on Intervention of Reduction of Health Risk Among Unlicensed Prostitutes
ZHOU Yue-jiao, LIANG Shao-ling, LIU Wei
2002, 18(12): 1472-1473. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-35
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Objective The methodology was studied and applied during the intervention of reduction of health risk among prostitutes.Methods The strategy of integration preventive inter vention with treatment was conducted.A women health center was set up.The staff outreached to give the services of health education and counseling to the women and their owners so that the women sought the proper behavior of care and raised the condom use rate.Syndr onic management was carried out in the women health center for STD patients.Results The knowledge level of STD/AIDS among women,the awareness of being ill,seeking-car e behavior and condom use.Most of them in stage of mastering knowledge of bethavior change,but their awareness of being ill and condom use rate were still at low level.Conclusion The strategy of integration of prevention with treatment was effective on the intervention of STD/AIDS among prostitutes.
Study on Risk Factors of Self-concept among School-age Children
SHI Shu-hua, ZHANG Jing, HU Mei-rong
2002, 18(12): 1474-1476. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-36
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Objective To explore the risk factors of self-concept among school-age children.Methods Self-made ques2 tionnaires about family and school environment and Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale were used to test 1 326 Children aged 9-12.Results There were significant gender differneces in the total score and behavior,intelligence and school,gregariousness,satisfaction score.Girls'score were higher than boys'.And with the age growing the score was becoming lower.Parent's education,occupation,character,parental rearing model and family members's relationshp had effect on self-concept.And so did the school environment factors,such as teacher's attitude,study score,relationship with classmates,the member of friends,ect.Conclusion Family and school environmenthad an important influence on the forming and development of self-concept among school-aged children.The improvement of family and school environment could decrease the incident rate of the disorder of behavior,study and personality caused by the disorder of self-concept.
2002, 18(12): 1476-1477. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-37
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Epidemiological Investigation on HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ among Hospitalized Patients in Liaoning Area
ZHANG Yun-xiu, SHANG Hong, YE Qian-hong
2002, 18(12): 1478-1479. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-38
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Objective To invest igate the prevalence of HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱin Liaoning area.Methods HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱantibody were screened and confirmed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and Western Blot(WB),respectively.Results Of 4 103 hospitalized patients,only one was confirmed to be infected with HTL V-Ⅰ,with a HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ infection rate 0.024%,of which the infection rate in Heilongjiang province was 4%(1/25),in Liaoning province was 0%(0/3 865).The HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱinfection rate of 17 HIV infected persons was negative.Conclusion The HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱinfection rate in Liaoning area was low.
2002, 18(12): 1479-1479. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-39
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Preliminary Study on Relationships Between HBV Immunological Marker and HBV-DNA Concentrations
SUN Chang-yi, WANG Shan-mei
2002, 18(12): 1480-1481. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-40
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Objective To investigate the relationships between HBV infected patients' immunological marker and HBV-DNA concentrations.Methods TRFIA and FQ-PCR methods were applied in the analysis of HBV immunological marker and HBV-DNA concentrations in 216 HBV infected patients.Results In patients with HBsAg+/HBeAg+/HBcAb+,HBsAg+/HBeAb+/HBcAb+,HBeAg+/IC+,and HBcAb+,the HBV-DNA positive rate were 97.17%,30.56%,100%,25%.In the high and low titer groups about HBsAg+,HBeAg+,HBeAb+,and HBcAb+,the HBV-DNA positive rate were 76.92%,58.14%;100%,97.26%;20.00%,11.42%;64.62%,27.63%.Conclusion HBV-DNA was more rapid and exact than HBV immunological marker to reflect the HBV infected patients.
1: 2 Matched Case-control Study on Risk Factors of Colorectal Cancer in Wuhan
NIE Shao-fa, YAO Xuan, ZHU Gui-bao
2002, 18(12): 1482-1484. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-41
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Objective To investigate the risk factors of colorectal cancer.Methods A 1:2 controls data were analysed with conditional logistic regression.Results That the diet frequency of meat,the frequency of using oil of animal ten years ago and salted meat,the poor ability of adjusting the mood,the history of gastric and duodenum ulcer and chronic appendicitis,and collateral relatives who suffered from cancer were independent risk factors of colorectal cancer.The corresponding OR was 1.114,1.091,1.117,1.490,2.483,5.751 and 11.531,respectively.Favor of eating soft food was an independently protective factor,and the corresponding OR was 0.789.The history of falling ill in respiratory system and coronary heart disease were negatively related risk of colorectal cancer,and the corresponding OR was 0.230 and 0.441,respectively.Conclusion Colorectal cancer seemed to be related to the dietary factors,the poor ability of adjusting the mood,the history of gastric and duodenum ulcer and chronic appendicitis,and family history of malignant tumors.
2002, 18(12): 1484-1484. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-42
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Effect of Iron Fortifiers on Blood Lead Exclusion in Rats
WANG Jun, GAO Jun-quan, LI Xiao-wei
2002, 18(12): 1485-1487. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-43
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Objective To explore the effect of iron against the toxicity of lead and compare the lead exclusion effects of several iron fortifiers.Methods Random design method was employed and before the study fifty-six Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups including blank control group,negative control group,positive control group,ferrous sulfate(FeSO4)group,ferrous lactate(C6H10 FeO6)group and two level(high,low)sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate(NaFe EDTA)groups.Except the blank control group which only received double distilled water treatment throughout the experiment all the other rats were treated with lead solution.Four weeks later except for the blank and model control groups the other five groups were treated with DMSA,FeSO4,C6H10 FeO6 and two level NaFe EDTA(high,low)solutions respectively at the same time.Eight weeks later when the study was finished the blood lead level was determined.Results The blood lead levels of high and low level NaFe EDTA groups were significantly lower than that of model control group,and the relative reducing level of blood lead in high level NaFe EDTA group was higher than those of FeSO4 group and C6H10 FeO6 group significantly.Conclusion Iron can counteract the lead toxicity and the effect of NaFe EDTA reducing the blood lead was the best among the three kinds of iron fortifiers.
2002, 18(12): 1487-1489. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-44
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2002, 18(12): 1490-1491. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-45
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2002, 18(12): 1491-1491. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-46
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2002, 18(12): 1492-1493. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-47
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2002, 18(12): 1494-1494. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-48
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2002, 18(12): 1495-1495. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-49
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2002, 18(12): 1496-1496. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-50
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2002, 18(12): 1497-1497. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-51
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2002, 18(12): 1498-1499. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-52
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Determination on Residue of Salbutamol and 8 Kinds Estrogen in Meat and Meat Products by HPLC
LIN Yi-zhi, ZHANG Shi-ying, LIANG Wei
2002, 18(12): 1499-1502. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-53
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Objective To study a method for the determination of Salbutamolβ,-Estradiol,Ethinylesradiol,diethylstilbestrol,Dienestrol Hexestrol,Estradiol valerate,Estradiol benzoate and Quinestrol residue in meat and meat products by HPLC.Methods Components were extracted from homogenized sample with methanol,then the HPLC method was used to analyze them.Results Good separation was achieved in the 9 kinds components and the standard curve showing a direct ratio between the concentration and the peak area was obtained,r>01999,CV≤1.1%(n=6);the detection limits was below 6ng;The recovery percent was between 84.5% and 101%.Conclusion The method was proved to be satisfactory in precision,securacy and sensitivity.The preparation of sample was simple.Nothing intrefered determination of the 9 kinds component.
Determination of Rare Earth Elements in Human Lung and Kidney at Ultratrace Levels by Microwave Dissolution and Inductively Coupled Plasma-MS Spectrometry
XIE Jian-bin, LIU Gui-hua, LIU Qi-fang
2002, 18(12): 1502-1504. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-54
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Objective To establish the method for the determination of rare earth elements at ultratrace levels in human organs.Methods The samples were digested by closed-vessel microwave HNO3+H2O2 dissolution system.The solution was directly analyzed by ICP-MS for the determination of La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu in human lung and kidney with rhenium internal calibration.Results The method provided excellent sensitivity and accuracy.It was efficiency for the determinatin of fourteen REEs.The detection limits were range from 0.8ng/L to 4ng/L depending on the elements.Linear calibration plots exhibited over three orders of magnitude with standard linear correlation r≥0.997.Recoveries of spiked samples were of the range 98%-113% and precision was fine RSD>3%.The results showed close agreement with the reference values in two standard reference materials of human hair GBW07601 and wheat flour GBW08503.Conclusion ICP-MS was an effective method to analyse rare earth elements of lung and kidney.Using Rh as an internal standard compensated the depression of signal.The problem of the molecular overlaps was corrected by the interference correction factor.
2002, 18(12): 1504-1504. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-55
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2002, 18(12): 1505-1506. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-56
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2002, 18(12): 1506-1506. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-57
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2002, 18(12): 1507-1507. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-58
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Effect of Standardized Effect Size on Evaluating of Health Education
WANG Hong-LI, HUO Zhuo-ping, YU Xiao-ming
2002, 18(12): 1508-1509. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-59
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Objective To introduce the method of standardized effect size to evaluate effect of health education.Methods To calculate and evaluate standardized effect size by analysing the examples and calculating.Results The nutrition education was more effective and standardized effect size for knowledge,attitudes,practices and KAP were 1.65,0.31,0.48 and 1.67 respectively.Conclusion The method of applying standardized effect size to evaluate the effect of health education was convenient and believable,at the same time results from different study can be compared directly.
2002, 18(12): 1509-1509. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-60
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Evaluation on Peer Education of AIDS Prevention Among University Students
SUN Xin-ying, CHANG Chun, GUO Yan
2002, 18(12): 1510-1512. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-61
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Objective To evaluate the immediate effectiveness and medial-term effectiveness of peer education on AIDS prevention among university students.Methods Experimental study was adopted.These 419 freshmen from a foreign language university in Beijing were class-based randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.Peer education on AIDS prevention was implemented among the experimental group students.Results There was no significant difference between two groups before education.One week after the educaiton,the net increase rates of AIDS knowledge,safe-sex konwledge,self-efficacy of AIDS prevention,safe-sex intention were respectively 41.5%,18.8%,5.5% and 5.4% among male students in the experimental group,while 64.6%,78.9%,8.2% and 9.1% among female students.And persistent effectiveness formed among female students that the net increase rates of AIDS/safe-sex knowledge were still higher than 18% and those of safe-sex intention and self-efficacy were about 5%.Conclusion Peer education was suitable for foreign language university students and had good immediate and medial-term effectiveness.This kind of intervention method can be more widely carried out.
2002, 18(12): 1513-1515. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-62
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2002, 18(12): 1515-1516. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-63
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2002, 18(12): 1517-1519. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-64
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2002, 18(12): 1519-1521. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-65
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2002, 18(12): 1522-1523. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-66
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2002, 18(12): 1524-1526. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-67
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2002, 18(12): 1526-1526. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-68
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2002, 18(12): 1527-1529. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-69
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2002, 18(12): 1529-1529. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-70
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2002, 18(12): 1530-1530. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-71
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2002, 18(12): 1531-1531. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-72
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2002, 18(12): 1532-1533. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-73
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2002, 18(12): 1533-1533. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-74
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2002, 18(12): 1534-1535. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-75
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2002, 18(12): 1535-1535. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-76
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2002, 18(12): 1536-1536. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-12-77
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