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2002 Vol. 18, No. 6

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Secular Growth Changes of Chinese Youth and Intervene Suggestions
JI Cheng-ye
2002, 18(6): 641-642. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-01
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Objective To focuse on exploring the secular growth changes,the regularities and characteristics,and the existing problems in Chinese youths.Methods Both data of 1985 and 1995 National Survey of Students Constitution and Health were used.The changes of their physical growth and sex development during this period were analyzed.Results Overall changes of stature and body weight were found in all the youth groups,which suggested that Chinese youth populations began secular growth changes.The most significant phenomenon of the adolescent growth change was the advanced adolescent growth spurt.The evident problem was that the increment of adultheight was not significant.Conclusion More stronger strategies and methods should be taken in order to further promote the growth and health levels of the Chinese adolescents.
Effects of Low-level Lead Exposure During Pregnancy on Auditory Development in Infants
LIANG Yi, QIN Rui
2002, 18(6): 643-644. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-02
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Objective T o investigate the probable effects of lead exposure during pregnancy on auditory development in infants.Methods The specimens of blood were collected form women at the second three months of gestation and delivery and from umbilical cord,and Pb-B levels were determinded as a marker to reflect lead exposure.BAEP was recorded in infants at 6 months of age as effective indicators to study effects of lead on their auditory development.Results(1)The Pb-B levels were(0.289±0.050)μmol/L at the second three months of gestation,(0.242±0.049)μmol/L at delivery,(0.197±0.051)μmol/L from umbilical cord.(2)There was a significant association between the Pb-B level of umbilical cord and the latencies of waves Ⅰ、Ⅲ and Ⅴ at rightear.All the children were divided into two groups(high-blood-lead and low- blood-lead)according to the cut-off value for umbilical blood level of 0.242μmol/L,results indicated that latencies of wave Ⅰ and wave Ⅴ at rightear in children athigh-blood-lead group were obviously longer than those at low-blood-level group.Linear regression analysis revealed that contr ibut ion of Pb-B level of umbilical cord to the latencies of waves Ⅰ、Ⅲ and Ⅴ at rightear was still statistically significant after adjusting other confounding factors.Conclusion Low-level lead exposure during pregnancy can do harm to auditory development in infants.
2002, 18(6): 645-646. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-03
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Study on Relationship on Difference of Children Body Composition and Bone Age
ZHANG Guang-xin, YAO Xing-jia, BAI Ying-long
2002, 18(6): 647-648. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-04
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Objective To observe the influence of different of body composition on children bone developing.Methods Four hundrend and eleven children aged 8 and 10 with different body composition were studied.According to body fat percent,they were divided into three groups(obese,mediate and thin),then all children were pair matched by height,weight and secondary sexual character.The bone age difference of three groups was observed and compared.A correlation study was done to study the relationship of bone age and body composition in boys and girls.Results Bone age of obese,children was higher than that of thin children.Bone age had the positive relationship with body fat percent,lean body weight and body fat.Conclusion Bo dycomposition exist certain effect on childrens bone development.
2002, 18(6): 649-650. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-05
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Effects of Walking with Weight Bearing on Physiological Function of Pupils and Middle School Students
MA Jun, ZHU Hong, WANG Hai-jun
2002, 18(6): 651-653. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-06
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Objective To study the influence of walking with weight bearing on physiological function of pupils and middle school students.Methods Children and adolescents aged 6-14 years were selected as subjects of study.The JAEGER Oxyeon system was used to test the cardiac and pulmonary function of walking subjects.The heart rate,breath frequency,oxygen uptake and energy expenditure were detected continuously when every child walked with different weight bearing.Results The more weight the children and adolescents burdened with,the greater their heart rate,breath frequency,oxygen up-take,oxygen uptake weight ratio,oxygen pulse,breath quotient and energy expenditure ratio were.Conclusion Weight bearing influenced cardiac and pulmonary function of children and adolescents.
Health Service Unilization of Women with Reproductive Tract Infections
GUO Su-fang, GU Li-naer, BAO Yue-qin
2002, 18(6): 654-655. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-07
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Objective To study psychosocial factors underlying health seeking behavior of women who perceived RTI symptoms and to describe health-seeking behaviour of women with RTIs.Methods Acros-ssectional study,adopted Aday and Andersen's Social Behaviour Model was used in Beijing.All eligible mar ried women aged 21 to 60,462 subjects who perceived sy mptoms of RTIs,were face to face interviewed.Results Findings showed that the percentage of self-reported symptoms of RTIs was 35.6 percent and the proportion of women with RTIs who soughthealth services was only 27.5 percent.The results of Logistic analysis showed that medical staff's attitudes,the amount of health information about RTI received while they are seeking care,type of medical care coverage,prior experience of RTIs,current experience of RTIs,and occupation are predictors of RTI women's health seeking behavior.Conclusion These findings showed that the prevalence of RTIs is high,but the rate of seeking health service is low.There is a great need for emphasising on offering reproductive health education especially for women workers;low-income workers.Regular medical check-up for women workers is also important.Furthermore it is necessary to improve the quality of health ser vice and the reform on health insurance system.
Study on Multiple Risk Factors of Married Women’s Osteoporosis in Countrysides
LI Xian-xiang, HONG Xiu-mei, YANG Jian-hua
2002, 18(6): 656-657. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-08
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Objective To investigate the risk factors of osteoporosis in women living in countryside.Methods These 1 726 married women in countrysides were tested by peripheral Dual Energy X-ray Absorptionmetry(pDXA)in the proximal -radius of the non-dominant forearms and were inquired about related factors according to the questionnaires of a kind.Univariate correlation analysis test,analysis of variance and multiple stepwise regression analysis were conducted in our study.Results Years of menopause,low weight,age were the three risk factors of decreasing boss mass density(BMD),body mass index(BMI),diet and high fertility frequency would lead to the increasing BMD.Conclusion Those aged and post- menopaused women,and those who lost weight,were the high-risk population,and to the menopaused women,etrogen was suggeted to prevent osteoporosis.
Regional Distribution of Birth Rates of Twins in China
GAN Jian-ping, ZHENG Jian
2002, 18(6): 658-659. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-09
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Objective To explore the regional distribution features of the birth rates of different zygositic twins in China.Methods The birth records of twins in 1989 in China were divided into MZ and DZ twins by Weinberg's differential methods.Results The birth rates of MZ and DZ twins were interrelated to geographic areas,and had different reginal distribution models.Conclusion The birth rates of different zygositic twins are affected by regional factors in China.
A Survey on Pregnancy Outcome of Pregnant Woman with Anemia
HU Zhi-jian, XU Rong-xian
2002, 18(6): 660-661. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-10
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Objective To ascertain the effect of pregnant woman with anemia on the pregnancy outcome.Methods The 1022 pregnant women's delivery result and hemoglobin were used to statistics and analysis.Results Pregnant woman with anemia had an effect on the rate of choke of caesarean birth's infant and abort.Baby weight,pregnant time and the rate of choke of easy delivery infant are not affected by preg nant woman anemia.Conclusion One of main reason of some bad pregnancy outcome is pregnant woman with anemia.Itcs very important to prevent and control pregnant woman with anemia.
Case-control Study on Relationship Between Home Environment and Asthma in Children
LUO Mao-hong, LAI Ze-min
2002, 18(6): 662-663. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-11
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Objective To explore the relationship between home environment factors and asthma in children.Methods A 1:1 matched case-control study was performed exposure to analyse some exposure factors in home environment that related with asthma.Results Pair of 131 controls and cases were investigated.In Logistic regression analyses,the wall of the family was decorated with wood,and the land was decorated with porcelain tile protective factor of asthma in children;Presence of carpets in the home,family numbers'smoking enhanced the risk of asthma in children;The worse the condition of the type of indoor heating,the type of kitchen,family residenter and house-dust mite the more higher the risk of asthma in children; Sensitive to kitchen smoke,house-dust mite,tobacco smoke and chemistryodo were associated with asthma.Conclusion Improvement of the indoorenvir onment,avoidance of the contacting with allergen and stimulant(particularly to hypersusceptibility children)as well as avoidance of passive smoking was very important to the prevention of asthma in children.
Effects of Glycyrrhizin and Oleanolic Acid on Renal Histopathological Changes Induced by Subchronic Cadmium Exposure in Rats
LIU Xiu, Ying, WANG Xiang-pu, ZENG Qing-san
2002, 18(6): 664-666. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-12
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Objective To observe effects of glycyrrhizin and oleanolic acid on renal histopathological changes induced by subchronic cadmium exposure in rats.Methods Renal glomemli,proximal tubular histopathological changes in CdCl2-treated、CdCl2-GL,CdCl2-OA-cotreated rats were observed with light-microscopy and electro-microscopy.Results Renal glomeruli congestion,swelling and fibrosis,proximal tubular lining cells swelling in CdCl2-treated rats were significantly ameliorated by GL,OA cotreatments,which were revealed by light microscopy.Ultrastructure examination showed the pathologic changes in constituents of glomeruli and subcellular constituents like mitochondria in proximal tubular cells were less severe in GL,OA cotreated rats than those in CdCl2-treated rats.Conclusion GL and OA could improve the renal histophathological changes induced by cadmium in a subchronic model in rats.
Study on Genotype of Hantavirus Strains Isolated From Different Areas In Hubei Province
HOU Wei, YANG Zhan-qiu, YANG Ji-jiang
2002, 18(6): 667-669. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-13
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Objective To analyse the M genomic segment of 30 strains of Hantavirus(HV)isolated from different areas in Hubei province,in order to understand the genetic character istics and the genomic function of HV in Hubei proince.Methods According to Genebank sofeware of HV,the type-specific primers were designed correspanding to the conser ved sequences in the G1 region of M genomic segment of HV.RT-heminested PCR and restriction mapping methods were applied to type and to digest 30 strains of HV isolated from different areas in Hubei province.Results Thirty strains isolated from different areas in Hubei province were typed as 21 HTNV and 9 SEOV,respectively.The restriction mappings of 21 isolates digested by HinfⅢ and HaeⅢ were consistent with those of 76/118 standard strain,but it was different from those of H- 114 str ain,of which digested by both HaeⅢ in only one segment in Wuhan and Honghu City and HinfI in three segments in YingCheng、Jianx ia、Huangpi and M acheng City respectively.Then all HTNV were digested by HincⅢ except the above strain in Yingoheng City.In addition,9 isolates were digested by HinfⅢ in two sements or EcoRI in two segments while not being digested by HaeⅢ,which were not consistent with those of R22 strain.Conclusion Hubei province was an mixed epidmic areas of HFRS.The M genomic segment of SEOV was stable,but that of HTNV no stablility.Distincthantaviruses could coexist in either different or the same geographic orecological zores in Hubei province.
2002, 18(6): 669-669. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-14
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Effect on Arginine on Immuntity of Mice Under Heat Stress
JI Yan-hong, LUO Hai-ji
2002, 18(6): 670-672. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-15
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Objective To study the effect of L2Arginine on the immunity of mouse and its possible mechanisms.Methods Male mice were randomly divided into group A treated with water(for control);group B-E given different concentration of L-Arginine.Mice were divided into normal temprature group and heat stress group.In each group,some mice were killed at the time of 0,2,4,8,12,24 hours after heat stress(41℃±0.5℃,2 hours)treatment,the others were killed at room temperature.Thymus index,spleen index,lymphocyte proliferation,concentration of IL-2 and expression of IL-2R were measured.Results The value of all experimental indexes decreased significantly after heat stress,and reached the lowest at the time of 228 hours after heat stress.With appropriate dose of L-arginine supplementation,thymus index,spleen index,the lymphocyte,proliferation,the level of concentration of IL-2 and expression of IL-2R raised in the group with room temperature;in the heat stress group the level of five indexes decrease significantly.Furthermore,the decrease of the group given 1.5mg/g·bw L-arginine was the smallest.Conclusion The immunity of the mice was damaged to the largest extent at 2-8 hours after heat stress;L-arginine supplementation with 1.5mg/g·bw could protect the immunity of mice after heat stress.
2002, 18(6): 672-672. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-16
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Comparison of Different Recombinant Antigen-Based Enzyme Immunoassays for Detection of Antibodies Against Treponema Pallidum
ZHANG Rui-fen, ZHUANG Hui, JIANG Zhi-bin
2002, 18(6): 673-674. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-17
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Objective To compare the enzyme immunoassays(EIA)based on a single recombinant T reponema pallidum (TP)antigen Tp47,Tp42 or Tp17 with that using combination of the three recombinant Tp ant igens.Methods Anti-Tp negaove and 10 anti-Tp positive sera tested by TPHA(Treponema pallidum hemagg lutination)were detected by both the EIA based on combination of the 3 recombinant Tp antigens(Tp47,Tp42 and Tp17)and the EIA using a single Tp protein (Tp47,or Tp42,or Tp17).Results The sensitivity of EIA based on a single antigen Tp47,Tp42,or Tp17 was 100%(11/11),100%(11/11)and 90.9%(10/11),with the speciacity of 96.4%(27/28),100%(28/28)and 96.4%(27/28),respectively.The sensitivity and the specificity of EIA based on combination of the three Tp antigens were 100%(11/11)and 100%(28/28),respectively.Conclusion There was some false negative and false positive reactivity with the EIA based on a single recombinant antigen for diagnosis of syphilis.The sensitivity of EIA based on combination of the three antigens (Tp47,Tp42 and Tp17)for detection of anti-Tp antibody was higher than that of the EIA with a single recombinant Tp antigen.
Study on Association of Insulin Resistance with Salt Sensitive Hypertension
MU Jian-jun, LIU Zhi-quan, SUN Chao-feng
2002, 18(6): 675-676. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-18
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Objective To investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and hypertension with salt sensitivity.Methods Based on our presious studies,238 members in 5 pedigrees were recruited.Venin sodium load and furosemide sodium volume depletion were employed to determine the salt sensitivity;Glucose tolerane test(OGTT),insulin realease test(InsRT)and insulin sensitivity index(InsSI)were performed to determine insulin resistance.Results Compared to NSS,the plasm glucose and insulin concentration in every time point during OGTT and InsRT were much higher(P<0.05 or P<0.01),insulin senstive index was much lower in SS(HBP:0.011±0.004 vs 0.016±0.005,P<0.01;NBP:0.013±0.003 vs 0.018±0.003,P<0.05).Conclusion Insulin resistance,by enhancing tubular sodium reabsorption and increasing sympathetic activity,plays a role in the pathogenesis of salt sensititive hypertension.
Cloning of Human ApoAI-AIV Gene Cluster for Transgenic Regulation Analysis
ZHOU Xiao-ming, JIANG Qing-wu, YU Sun-zhang
2002, 18(6): 677-678. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-19
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Objective Cloning of human ApoAI-AIV gene cluster for transgenic regulation analysis.Methods Use human placenta genomic cosmid library in pWE15 vector with average 38 kb insert,made sub library pools with serial dilution of independent clones,screen positive subpools by PCR amplification of determined band covering the start ID sequence fragment and the end ID sequence fragment of ApoAI-AIV gene cluster which containing complete expression regulate element,further get positive monoclone from above subpools using plate screening method.Results A cquire 1 positive clone,which PCR amplified ID sequence was the same as genbank reported.Conclusion By subpools making and PCR amplifed ID sequence as positive indicator,we fastly got an ApoAI-AIV whole gene cluster containing positive cosmid clone for further research.
Effects of Ethanol on Production of Metallothionein in Brain and Liver of Rat
ZHOU Yi-jun, CAO Yu-guang
2002, 18(6): 679-680. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-20
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Objective To study the effect of ethanol on central nerve system and to investigate the mechanism of brain damage resulting from ethanol intoxication.Methods Wistar rats were treated by gastric intubation with 0.5ml ethanol(0,10%,30%,50%)per day for 2 months.Zinc and copper were detected by atomic absor ption spectroscopy,and metalloth-ionein was detected by hemoglog bin affinity assay.Results The production of metallothionein in the brain and the liver of the ratincreased after treated by ethanol for long-term.In the male,metallothionein in 50% group increased 2.27,1.53,1.45,1.22,2.58 times respectively in brain,cerebellum,hippocampus,liver,kidney than that in the control group.However,in the female,the increase of metallothio nein in 30% group was more significant,which was 1.39,3.08,1.75,1.49,1.46 times respectively.In addition,the contents of zinc and copper in brain and liver also changed significantly after long-term treated,and change of content of metallo thionein was correlative to that of zinc.Conclusion Taking in ethanol for long-term could induce the increase of metallothionein in the brain and the liver,which was affected by sex.
Relationship Study Between Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Fluorosis Rats
WANG Ai-guo, RAN Peng, ZHOU Ming-hui
2002, 18(6): 681-682. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-21
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Objective To study effects of selenium and fluoride on oxidative stress and apoptosis in rat liver tissue.Methods The apoptosis,cell cycle,reactive oxygen species(ROS),reduced glutathione(GSH)content and lipid peroxidation (LPO)level in rat liver tissue were measured in the presence or absence of seleium(2mg/L)and fluoride(150mg/L).Results Fluoride enhanced apoptosis in rathepatocy tes,increased the number of cells in Sphase,increased ROS and LPO levels.Fluoride decreased the cellular GSH content.Selenium could antagonize the fluor ide-induced cytotoxicity by stabilizing the cellular GSH content,and by reducing ROS and LPO levels,respectively.Areduction of apoptosis in rathepatocytes after selenium treatment was observed.Conclusion Selenium can partially antagonism the fluo ride-induced lipid per oxidation and apoptosis in rathepatocytes.ROS participated the process of apoptosis.
Study of Long-term Exposure to Lower Concentration of Carbon Disulfide on Cardiovascular System of Workers
PENG Xiao-xia, TAN Xiao-dong, CHEN Guan-min
2002, 18(6): 683-684. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-22
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Objective To evaluate viscose rayon workers for cardiovascular manifestations resulting from exposure to carbon disulfide at the level of the threshold limit value of 10mg/m3 long-term.Methods In a cross-sectional study we investigated 367 workers occupationally exposed to CS2 and a control group(n=125).Results there was a singificant increase in the serum levels of total cholesterol and ApoB(P<0.05).These differences could also be confirmed statisically after multiple stepwise regression analysis.No differences were noted as to concentration of Hdl-ch、Ldl-ch、ApoA-I and so on among three groups.Conclusion The findings may indicate that exposure to CS2 can increase the levels of total cholesterol and ApoB in the serum,namely,low-level exposure to CS2 long-term could increase the risk of workes developing CS2-indued cardiovascular abnormalities.
Comparative Study on Nutritional Intervention on NIDDM in Community
LIU Huai-yu, TANG Yi, XU Hui-hua
2002, 18(6): 685-688. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-23
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Objective To investigate the effective nutritional intervention on the middle-aged and old NIDDM patients in community,to control the occurrence and development of the NIDDM's complication more effectively and to improve the patients'life quality.Methods To sample 60 patients who were made a definite diagnosis.They were divided into the intervention group and the control group by adopting mate pair designing.In addition to medicine treatment,the patients in the intervention group were given diet guide,counsel of nutritional education,nutritional intervention and so on.The patients in the control group were given drug treatment.The data was analysed by matched-t test and χ2 test.Results Before intervention energy distribution of three meals of both groups was irrational,fat in take of animale was higher,fibre intake was insufficient.Ca,Zn,VA and VB2 in both groups were insufficieit.They were RDA 50%,27%,54% and 46% respectively.After intervention,the lack and unbalance of nutrition were improved after intervention.Compared with the control group,the blood sugar on an empty stomach,blood sugar 2 hours after meal,hemoglobin of glycosylation,and cholesterol as well as triglyceride in serum were significantly lower in the intervention group.Conclusion The diet constitution of the NIDDM patients are not reasonable,nutritional intervention is effective for prevention and treatment of NIDDM,this intervention scheme can be popularized in community.
Analysis on Canonical Correlation of Anthropometric Parameters with Blood Sugar Serum Insulin, Blood Lipids and Blood Pressure
ZHANG Zhi-jiang, ZHAO Gen-ming, WU Yuan-min
2002, 18(6): 689-690. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-24
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Objective To investigate the association between diabetes mellitus risk factors(blood sugar,serum insulin,blood lipids and blood pressure)and a set of anthropometric parameters,and to determine the variables correlating most greatly with the canonical variables.Methods A multistage stratified sampling was applied to select 1960 inhibitants,who are no less than 40 years old,from Huayang Community,Changning district,Shanghai.Datas including height,weight,circumference of waist,abdominal,hip,thigh and blood sugar,serum insulin,blood lipids,blood pressure were available with 1867 subjects.After calculating body mass index(BMI).waist/hip ratio(WHR),abdominal/hip ratio(AHR),waist/thigh ratio(WTR) and conicity index(CI),the association of a set of anthropometric parameters with the DM risk factors was explored by SAS partial canonical correlation analysis.Results Canonical correlation were statistically significant between the anthropometric parameters and the DM risk factors in both sex groups(the first canonical coefficient was 0.61,0.50 respectively for male and female groups).Of the anthropometric parameters,WHR had the highest standardized coefficient and correlation coefficient,while AHR had the second highest coefficients of the anthropometric parameters in male group.In female group,BMI had the highest coefficients and WHR had the second highest coefficients.Of the DM risk factors,serum insulin had the highest standardized coefficient and correlation coefficient.Diastolic blood pressure and TG has the second highest for both groups.Conclusion(1)The anthropometric parameters correlated significantly with the DM risk factors(blood sugar,blood insulin,blood lipids and blood pressure);those who were more obese were more liable to have unbalance in metabolism;(2)The correlation between seriuminsulin and anthropometr ic parameters was the highest among the DM risk factors;serum insulin was most greatly influenced by obesity;(3)WHR was the most valuable anthropometric parameter to indicate DM risk for male group;BMI was the best anthropometric parameter to indicate DM risk for female group.
Effect of Diet on Erythrocyte [Ca2+]i in Elderly Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance
WU Feng-lan, LIU Guo-ning, ZHANG Ming-zhu
2002, 18(6): 691-692. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-25
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Objective To explore the effect of diet intervention on erythro cyte intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+])i in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance(IGT).Methods Diet intervention trial was carried out in 42 subjects with IGT.The experiment period was 10 months.The erythrocy te [Ca2+]i,fasting serum glucose(FSG),2-hour serum glucose after 75g OGTT(2HSG),trigly ceride(TG),cholesterol(TC),glycosylated low density lipoprotein(G-LDL)of serum as well as body mass index(BMI)were observed on 2 occasions,before and 10 months after initiation of a diet intervention trial.Results The erythrocyte[Ca2+]i in subjects with IGT was increased significantly compared with that of normal.The erythrocyte[Ca2+]i,FSG、2HSG、TG、TC、G-LDL levels as well as BMI decreased significantly in 42 subjects with IGT following diet intervention(P<0.01).Conclusion The results suggest that diet intervention inhibits significantly the increase of erythro cyte[Ca2+]i and the above change might be associated with the decrease of serum glucose caused by the diet intervention.
Comparision of Cadmium Toxic Effects on Female Gonades and Kidneys
ZHANG Wen-chang, LI Huang-yuan, WANG Zhang-jing
2002, 18(6): 693-694. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-26
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Objective(1)studies on the effects of Cd on the females gonades and kindneys.(2)compar ison of Cd toxic effect on the female gonades and on the kindeys.Methods 30 Sprague-Dawley,adult and female rats(158~165 g·wt)were assigned randomly to 4 groups.They were given a different dose of CdCl2(Cd2+ concentration were 1.0,0.5,0.25 and 0mg/kg,respectively)in physiolog ical saline intraperitoneally for 38 days(5days/week,daily).The estrous cycle was observed,both the Cd contents in urine,kidneys and ovaria and the urine B2-microgroblin contents were determined,and both of the kidney pathological section and the ovarium pathological serial sections were carried out.Results The results showed that the urine Cd contents was higher singificantly in rats exposed to high concentration(1mg/kg)than in others.Not only kidney but also ovary of Cd contents in rats exposed to Cd were higher significantly than in controls,and the both duration of estrous cycle and the duration of diestrum were significantly longer in high concentration of Cd groups compared to controls,but the results also showed that there was not great differences among groups about the contents of β2-microprotein(P>0.05),and that the specializational pathological damage of Cd on renal tubules had not been found in both of rats exposed to Cd and control rats,even though the estrous cycle and diestrum were delayed and the proportion of atretic follicle was significantly increased in rats exposed to Cd.
Effect of Polythylene Dust on Lung of Rats
DENG Hong, HAN Ming-lu, LI Ji-xian
2002, 18(6): 695-696. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-27
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Objective To study the toxicity of polyethylene dust.Methods Polyethylene dust was breathed by the rats with a passive powder breath-in method,and to toxicity of the rat's lung macrophage and the change of the rat's lung tissue were observed.Results The LD50 of polyethylene dust was greater than 15 000~30 000 mg/kg,polyethylene was nonpoisonous;The pigmentingrate of the marcophage and the active units of bactute dehydrogenase were higher obviously than that of the normal group(P<0.001)in the culture media of infeted external cells,and lower than that of the quarze dust group,with slight toxicity to the rat's lung macrophage.By observing the rat's bronchus infected with dust from one to eighteen months,the hyperplasia of retioular fiber and a little collcegen fiber in the sections of the rat's tissue were seen,but the pathologic change and fibrosis of which were lower than that caused by the quarze dust.Conclusion Polythylene dust was low toxicity and fibrosis slightly to the rat's lung.
2002, 18(6): 696-696. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-28
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Expression of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Capsid Proteins in Baculovirus-insect Cell System
WEI Lan-lan, HAN Li-qun, GU Hong-xi
2002, 18(6): 697-698. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-29
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Objective To construct the recombinant baculoviruses containing L1 or L1 Plus L2 genes and express high-efficiency capsid proteins in insect cells.Methods By co-transfection of linearized baculovirus DNA and recombinant baculovirus transfer plasmids containing L1 or L1+L2 respectively,two recombinant baculovir us strains were gotten.Results The L1 and L2 genes of capsid protein were amplified by PCR in recombinant baculovirus;The 57KD L1 protein and the 95 KD,110KD L2 proteins were detected by Coomassie-blue staining and Western-blot;ME studies showed that there were the HPV16 virion in sf9 cells.Conclusion These results would be the basis to develop the HPV 16 prophylactic vaccines and diagnosis kit.
2002, 18(6): 698-698. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-30
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Study on Influence Factors of Formaldehyde Fumigation in Destroying HBsAg According to Orthogonal Design
LI Peng-fei, WANG Yu, YE Li-jie
2002, 18(6): 699-700. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-31
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Objective The for maldehyde fumigation experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of fumigation hours,fumigation dose(g/m3),temperature(℃)and relative humidity(%)in destroying HBsA g according to or thogonal design of L9(34.Methods(1)Purification HBsAg was used as evaluation index.(2)Round stainless steel,emulsion plates with diameter of 1.0cm,and square cloth plates with 1.5cm 1.5cm were prepared as carriers.(3)For maldehyde gas was produced from parafor maldehy deoxidized by potassium permanganate.Results The fumigation hour was mostimpor tant influence factor in destroying HBsAg,next were paraformaldehyde dose(20g/m3),temperature(40)and relative humidity(55%)(F=493.93,124.43,46.00,120.43,P<0.01).
2002, 18(6): 700-700. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-32
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Effects of Wide Band Frequency Noise on NOS1 Expression and ABR Threshold in AD Rats
ZHU Qi-wen, TANG Hao, HOU Wei-jian
2002, 18(6): 701-703. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-33
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Objective To investigate the change of nitric oxide synthase one(NOS1)activity in temple and frontal lobe of AD rat after 96dB wide frequency noise exposure.Methods Western Blot and image quantitative analysis technique,combined with auditory brainstem response(ABR)measurement.Results Before injection of glutamatic acid in two sides of hippocampus CA1,memoried rats are 69.6% after 24 hours by electric stimulation,but is only 14.7% after injury and differences are very notable(P<0.01).Contrast of ABR threshold from beginning to end in three group of rats is very mar ked(P<0.01).ABR threshold contrasted with two group control,that of rating lutamatic acid group before being given noise stimulation are remar kable(P<0.05).expression of NOS1 in temple and frontal lobe of glutamatic acid group are much more than those of themselves after being given noise stimulation.Conclusion Wide band frequency noise can reduce the expression of NOS1 in temple and frontal lobe of AD model rat.
2002, 18(6): 703-703. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-34
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Study of Domestic Sewage Purification Treatment by Activated Bio-filter
HE Ji-bao, WANG Ting-zhe, CHEN Yi-juan
2002, 18(6): 704-705. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-35
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Objective To study a kind of biological treatment technology and observe the effects of purify domestic sewage.Methods Determine 10 samples of domestic sewage before and after biological treament,the indicators were CODcr and BOD5.Results After biological treament,CODcr was decreased from 44.84 mg/L to 16.76mg/L(P<0.001),DODcr was decreased from 211.54mg/L to 3.95mg/L(P<0.001),far below the priminary discharge standard of municipal sewage treament plant.Conclusion The biological treatment technology were possessed some advantages of good treatment effect,low cost and simple technology.It can be applied widely in domestic sewage purification treatment.
Effects on Heart and Kidney-Related Clinical Parameters of Rats Drinking Purified Water for Long Time
SHU Wei-qun, LI Guo-ping, ZHAO Qing
2002, 18(6): 706-708. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-36
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Objective To compare clinical parameter differences in heart and kidney between rats drinking purified water and boiled tap water.Methods Wistar rats before their born were supplied with purified water and boiled tap water respectively for 20 weeks.Rats were sacrificed at the end of the experiment.Body weight,organ weight of heart and kidney,hematological parameters,related clinical biochemistry parameters,and histopathological changes of heart and kidney organs were observed.Results Compared with the same sex rats that dank boiled tap water,the males mean body weight significantly increased(P<0.05),and the females blood triacylglycerol and cho lesterol significantly increased(both P<0.05).Concomitantly,blood plasma creatinine and urea nitrogen decreased very significantly(P<0.01),and urea acid and phosphers decreased significantly(P<0.05)for males,but only urea acid decreased significantly(P<0.05)for females.In additional,slightly pathological changes in myocardial cell and typical hyaline cast in kidney tubules were obser ved in the rats that drank bottled purified water.In contrast,the rats given boiled tap water showed no such variation.Conclusion Long-term intake of pur ified water can cause biological effects on heart and kidney.
2002, 18(6): 708-708. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-37
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Absorption Experiment of Phenols on Particles
ZHAO Jin-hui, ZHANG Ke-rong, LI Chong-fu
2002, 18(6): 709-711. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-38
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Objective TO investigate the transplantation and transformation of phenols in the environment.Methods The behavior of phenols onto the particles with charcoal,soil and sand was examined by static absorption.The effect of some factors such as pH value,the particles size and the ratio of solid to liquid on the absorption was also dealt with.Results It was found that Freundlich absorption isotherm was the most appropriate way for description of the adsorption.With the change or p H and some factors,so did the absorption of behavior.Conclusion It is chemical structure and environment that effect the transplantation and transformation of phenols in the earth.
Study on Quantitative Method and Immune Regulation of Ig/Ig two-component-Determined Circulating Immune Complexes
WANG San-ying, YANG Tian-ci, PENG Xuan-xian
2002, 18(6): 712-714. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-39
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Objective To establish a quantitative method to Ig/Ig two-componen-tdetermined circulating imune complexes(Ig/Ig-TCIC)and study whether Ig/Ig-TCIC was related to the function of immune regulation.Methods Quantity of Ig/Ig-TCIC was carried out by the combination of Ig immune biology with mathematics.The immune reg ulation of Ig/Ig-TCIC was characterized by the correlation of Ig/Ig-TCIC with C3/Ig-TCIC,serum Ig and C3,and complexed Ig and C3.Results The quantitative method was established and significant regularity was found from the association of Ig/Ig-TCIC with these humoral immune markers.Conclusion This quantitative method was simple and useful.Ig/Ig-TCIC plays an important role in immune regulation as a middle product of immune network.
2002, 18(6): 714-714. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-40
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2002, 18(6): 716-716. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-42
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Investigation of Food Lead Contamination and Comprehensive Pollutant Index
WANG Wu-xin, LIU Xue-ning, LUO Ruo-rong
2002, 18(6): 717-718. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-43
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Objective To detect the lead content of selling foods and the situation of super-standard of lead in Shenzhen City,to investigate the co rrelation between foods consumption habit and intake of lead and to study to evaluate the healthy degree of inhabitant effected by foods pollutant with the comprehensive pollutant index.Methods To detect the lead content and rates of lead super-standard of 2 815 shares of foods in 8 kinds selling in Shenzhen City from 1999 to 2001.To investigate randomly foods structure of 532 inhabitants and set up the comprehensive pollutant index for evaluating correlation between foo ds structure of inhabitants and pabular lead contamination.Results In 8 kinds of selling foods,rates of lead super-standard were averagely 1.39 per cent.Rates of lead super-standard in 8 kinds of foods ranged from 0.19 to 6.50 per cent.Comprehensive pollutant indexes were ranged from 0.15 to 3.77.Foods of high rate of lead super-standard and high edible frequency had high comprehensive pollutant index,and vice versa.Conclusion There is some degree of lead pollution in selling foods of Shenzhen City.Comprehensive pollutant index can effectively evaluate the influence to inhabitant health of foods pollutants.
Survey on AIDS and STD Knowledge in Floating Population of Li Minorities in Hainan Province
PAN Xian-hai, DU Jian-wei, HE Qi-ya
2002, 18(6): 719-720. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-44
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Objective To understand AIDS and STD knowledge,attitudes and behaviors of floating population of Li Minority in Hainan Province.Methods An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect basic data of AIDS and STD including demographic information,attitudes and behaviors of the floating population of Li minorities investigated.Results A total of 251 subjects were interviewed,among whom 133 were Li Minorities.173 had ever heard of A IDS,accounting for 82.92%,64.14% of whom getting AIDS knowledge from television.The correct answer rate to STDA IDS konwledge ranged from 24.10 to 80.08 percent.64.54% of them were worry about being infected by HIV through injection by doctors,and 83.67 percent would go to hospital examine and treat AIDS if being infected.The condom use rate was 39.84%,among which 30.93% were insisted to use by themselves.4 syphilis infections were found,accounting for 1.59%,but no HIV infection.Conclusion The floating population of Li Minority are lack of knowledge of AIDS and STD prevention,so it is imperative to develop wide education of AIDS and STD in them.
2002, 18(6): 720-720. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-45
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2002, 18(6): 721-721. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-46
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2002, 18(6): 724-724. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-48
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2002, 18(6): 725-726. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-49
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2002, 18(6): 727-727. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-50
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2002, 18(6): 728-729. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-51
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2002, 18(6): 730-730. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-52
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2002, 18(6): 732-732. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-54
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2002, 18(6): 734-734. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-56
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2002, 18(6): 735-735. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-57
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2002, 18(6): 737-737. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-59
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2002, 18(6): 738-738. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-60
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2002, 18(6): 739-739. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-61
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2002, 18(6): 740-740. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-62
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2002, 18(6): 741-741. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-63
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2002, 18(6): 742-743. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-64
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2002, 18(6): 743-743. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-65
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2002, 18(6): 744-744. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-66
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2002, 18(6): 745-745. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-67
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2002, 18(6): 746-747. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-68
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2002, 18(6): 747-747. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-69
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2002, 18(6): 748-750. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-70
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2002, 18(6): 750-750. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-71
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An Epidemiological Survey and Burden Analysis of Injury on Adolescent Students
HUANG Wan-qi
2002, 18(6): 751-752. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-72
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Objective To acknow ledge some epidemiological status about injury accidence on adolescent students and its risk factors,and to evaluate its burden to students,their family and social.Methods Randomly sampled 1 703 students,aged 7-17 years in primary and middle schools,participated in a survey about injury accidence,its risk factors and burden in the past year.Results The accident rate of injury is 29.5%,averaged 2.0 times perperson-year.The rate is more in primary school than in middle school(P<0.05).The main cause resulted fr om falling,co llision,traffic,injnry by sharp articles,animal biting,scalds/burn.The peak mont his in July.And the main injury parts are in limbs.Among all injured students,66.3% visited clinic in hospitals with 12.4% inpatients.Averagely they are absent from school for 6.6 days with their medical care costs averaged 344.5 Yuan RMB and social costs 775.8 perstudent.24.1% of students have increasing psychological loading and 23.1% gave increasing stress to family.Conclusion The adolescents are hig h-risk population for injnry.The injury brought large burden to adolescents,their family and social.So some helps were needed to improve their acknow ledge about health and safeness and to strengthen their ability of self-protection in order to reduce the risk of injury for their growth-up healthity.
Building and Examining Applying Models of Comprehensive Evaluation of Reproductive Health
HE Jia, LOU Chao-hua, GAO Er-sheng
2002, 18(6): 753-754. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-73
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Objective To evaluate comprehensively the reproductive health status and care level of an area in our country.Methods To apply multiple regression according to the result calculated by the method of comprehensive evaluation of independibility weight.Results To fit two stratified applying models of comprehensive evaluation of reproductive health.Conclusion The retrospective and prospective examinations are used to evaluate the comprehensively evaluating models.The results show that the models are stable and credible,and can be used well in practice.
Utilization of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method in Life Quality of Elderly Population
ZHANG Ya-li, WANG Wei, LU Wen-li
2002, 18(6): 755-756. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-74
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Objective To explore method for synthetically evaluating life quality of the elderly population.Methods To evaluate life quality 660 elderly population from five districts of Tianjin City,with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.Results The order about life quality of the elderly population in five districts of Tianjin from high to low is Hongqiao district,Heping district,Nankai district,Hebei district,Hexi district.Conclusion Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is an accurate and practical method for synthetically evaluation.
2002, 18(6): 757-758. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-75
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2002, 18(6): 759-760. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-76
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2002, 18(6): 761-763. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-77
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2002, 18(6): 763-764. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-78
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2002, 18(6): 765-766. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-79
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2002, 18(6): 767-767. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-80
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2002, 18(6): 768-768. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-81
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论文
Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristics and Factors of Anthrax in 2001 in Liaoning Province
SHI You-chang, SUN Li-hua, SUN Ying-wei
2002, 18(6): 715-716. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-06-41
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Objective To investigate and analyse the epidemiological characteristcs and factors of anthrax in 2001 in Liaoning province in order to provide basis for strenthening the prevention and control of antrrax.Methods To conduct epidemiological analysis and historial comparasion according to both reporting data of infectious diseases from whole province and on the spot in vestigating reports on outbreak of infectious diseases.Results There were five happenings of anthrax in 2001 in Liaoning province.There were 27 cases merely with skin anthrax,2 cases superveninging with intestinal anthrax,1 case complicating with meningitis among 30 cases of anthrax.Three cases were dead.The investigation indicated that the main reasons that induced the outbreak of infectious diseases were killing the sick and dead livestock(cow,ship,horse,mule,etc)on the spot,knowledge dificency on prevention and diagnosis of anthrax among medical persons and residents,the low rate of livestock quarantine and livestock vaccination,the common susceptivity of crowds.All five cases happened in rural.One case was a student,the other were peasants.The characteristics such as time distribution and area distribution had no difference compared with original epidemiological characteristics.Conclusion Special training should be strenghthened.Cases should be diagnosed and treated early in order to low case-fatality rate.Prevention knowledge and common sense of anthrax should be propagandized to people.Quarantine among livestock by livestock department should be suggested.The prevention vaccination among human beings and livestock should conducted cooperatively in order to increase the immunity.