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2011 Vol. 27, No. 4

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First course of anti-TB treatment among multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patients
BIAN Xue-feng, MENG Qing-yue, SUN Qiang
2011, 27(4): 385-387. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-01
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ObjectiveTo study the first course of anti-TB treatment among multi-drug resistant tuberculosis(MDRTB)patients and to analyze the effects of health service provider and recipient in the treatment.MethodsFive cities were selected as study areas and the populations sampled were surveyed with a self-made questionnaire.ResultsThe sixty-nine MDR-TB patients were mainly older farmers with loweducation.Of the patients,17.3% had their first course of anti-TB therapy in anti-tuberculosis institutions and 43.5% had the first treatment less than 6 months.A certain proportion of patients was prescribed second-line anti-TB drugs in the first treatment and 15.4% of the patients stopped the the treatment voluntarily.Only 36.4% of the patients took their medication under directly observed treatment and 36.4% of the patients received medical visit during the treatment period.After the first anti-TB treatment,11.9% of the patients were cured recognized by doctors.ConclusionThere was substandard therapy management in the first course of anti-TB treatment among MDR-TB patients.The professional training for doctors invloved in TB control,particularly village doctors should be strengthened and appropriate incentives of referral of TB patients should be established.
Referral and tracing of active tuberculosis cases reported from medical institutons in Ningho city, 2005-2009
YANG Tian-chi, JIANG Shi-wen, YU Mei
2011, 27(4): 387-388. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-02
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ObjectiveTo analyze the status of referral and tracing of active tuberculosis(TB)cases reported via internet by non-TB control institutions in Ningho city from 2005 through 2009 and to provide scientific basis for TB prevention and control program.MethodsData from China TB Direct Report System,the forms of patient registration,the records of TB cases referral and tracing from 2005-2009 were collected and analyzed.ResultsDuring the period,46.1% of 24 292 active tuberculosis cases and 49.1% of 8 614 initial smear positive cases were reported and transmitted by non-TB control institutions.The tracing arrival rate and the total arrival rate increased from 52.6% and 74.6% in 2005 to 86.4% and 92.7%.The referral rate,referral arrival rate,and the tracing rate were at the base level.Among the referral TB cases which could not be traced,774 were not found(33.2%)and 918(39.4%)were not followed-up for unknow n reasons.ConclusionNon-TB control institutions play an important role in TB case detection.Enhancing the collaboration with non-TB control institutions and improving TB suspect referring and tracing system can improve TB case detection.
Mental health and its influence factors among tuberculosis patients
CHENG Jun, ZHANG Hui, LI Ren-zhong
2011, 27(4): 389-391. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-03
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ObjectiveTo explore mental health status and its influence factors among tuberculosis(TB)patients.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out in the selected cities and counties in five provinces.Totally 176 TB patients were interviewed face-to-face with a self-designed questionnaire and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale(K10)to collect related information.ResultsThe average score of K10 was 14.20±5.97 for all patients and 27.3% of the patients had the scores of 16-50 indicating bad mental health status.The independent risk factors of high K10 score among the TB patients included non permanent resident,with debt due to TB treatment,and with longer period of having TB(R2=0.104).ConclusionThe mental health status of TB patients is poor and socioeconomic status is the most powerful influence factor for mental health of the patients.
Strategy for multidrug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis case finding and treatment
XU Cai-hong, LI Ren-zhong, CHEN Ming-ting
2011, 27(4): 391-393. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-04
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ObjectiveTo analyze multidrug resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)case finding and treatment and to explore the case-finding and treatment strategy suitable for situation in China.MethodsData on case-finding,treatment and sputum negative conversion were collected from monthly and quarterly reports and the ratio of confirmed MDR-TB cases among different high risk groups was analyzed to evaluate high risk groups screen strategy.The use of standardized regimen among all enrolled MDR-TB cases and the sputum conversion rate at the end of six month treatment were also analyzed to evaluate the feasibility of standardized treatment regimen in China.ResultsAmong the 2 657 MDR-TB suspects with drug susceptible test(DST),880(33.1%)were confirmed MDR-TB.Totally 814 MDR-TB cases received physical examination and medical evaluation;473(58.1%)cases were enrolled in the treatment;433(91.5%)cases received standardized regimen.Among 124 MDR-TB cases that finished 6 months treatment,the sputum smear and culture negative conversion rate was 67.7% and 63.7%,respectively.ConclusionHigh risk group screening strategy is a cost-effective strategy that feasible to the current technical capacity and resources in China.Standardized regimens adapt to most of the MDR-TB cases and could achieve ideal sputum negative conversion rate.
Drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among floating population in Ningbo during 2007-2008
CHE Yang, YU Mei, PING Guo-hua
2011, 27(4): 394-395. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-05
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ObjectiveTo investigae drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among floating population in Ningbo.MethodsAll sputum culture positive patients among migrant population confirmed in district tuberculosis dispensaries in Ningbo from 2007 to 2009 were enrolled.The drug susecptibility tests of inoniazid,rifampicin,streptomycin,and ethambutol were performed with proportion method.ResultsAmong all patients enrolled,659 had positive bacterial culture and drug susceptibility results.Of the 659 strains,565 strains were Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 94 strains were Mycobacterium nontuberculosis.The total frequency of drug resistance was 33.5% (189/565);the total frequency of multi-drug resistance was 6.4% (36/565).The initial drug resistance rate was 29.5% (149/505)and the initial multi-drug resistance rate was 4.4% (22/505).The acquired drug resistance rate was 61.7% (37/60)and the acquired multi-drug resistance rate was 23.4% (14/60).ConclusionThe prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis among floating population was relatively high in Ningbo suggesting the necessity to strengthen the tuberculosis control program among migrant population.
2011, 27(4): 396-397. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-06
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2011, 27(4): 397-398. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-07
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Prevalence of major depression disorders in urban and rural residents of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
WEI Bo, CHEN Qiang, PAN Run-de
2011, 27(4): 399-401. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-08
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ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and distribution of major depression disorders among people aged ≥15 years in urban and rural areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.MethodsFrom July through December, 2007,21 290 subjects aged≥15 years were randomly selected with stratified multi-stage cluster sampling method.All subjects were investigated with a face-to-face interview.The Composite International Diagnostic Interview(CIDI 3.0)was used as the screening tool and the diagnoses were made with the 10th edition of International Classfication of Disease Criteria.ResultsThe current prevalence of major depression disorders was 4.32‰ in the female and 2.50‰ in the male with a significant difference(P<0.05).The lifetime prevalence of major depression disorders was 5.98‰ in the female and 4.68‰ in the male.The lifetime prevalence of major depression disorders was different in adullts of different age(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference(P<0.05)in the current prevalence of major depression disorders between different age groups with a current prevalence peaks in the adults at age of 55-64 years.There were differences in the current and lifetime prevalence of major depression between adults with different marital status(P<0.05)with higher current and lifetime prevalences among the adults divorced.ConclusionMajor depression disorder is prevalent among urban and rural adult residents in Guangxi and correlates to some socio-demographic factors.
Influence factors of multi-drug resitant tuberculosis in Huangshi city:a case-control study
WU Lan-xiang
2011, 27(4): 401-402. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-09
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ObjectiveTo realize the risk factors of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)and to provide basis for the prevention of MDR-TB.MethodsTotally 87 cases of MDR-TB and 87 control TB cases sensitive to anti-TB drugs were selected in Huangshi city,Hubei province for a questionnaire investigation from June 2007 to May 2008.Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of MDR-TB.ResultsNo significant difference was found between the two groups regarding to age,sex,education and occupation(P>0.05).Multi-factors analyses indicated that TB disease history of family members(odds ratio[OR]=3.102,95% confidence interval[CI]:1.279-7.520),the course of TB disease (OR=1.083,95%CI:1.039-10.130),and irregular treatment(OR=5.512,95%CI:1.875-8.356)were risk factors for MDR-TB.ConclusionThe main risk factors of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis are TB history of family members,long course of TB,and interrupted treatment.
Laribacter hongkongensis isolated from a patient with community-acquired gastroenteritis in Guangdong province
ZHU Jiang-feng, ZHENG Nan-cai, LIAO Ru-yan
2011, 27(4): 403-405. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-10
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ObjectiveTo explore Laribacter hongkongensis infection in community-acquired gastroenteritis patients in Guangdong province.MethodsAll fecal sw abs were collected from outpatients with community-acquired diarrhea in selected hospitals.Gram stain,biochemical identification,PCR of specific fragments,and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were employed to identify the bacteria isolated from April to December 2009 in Jiangmen city.ResultsOne case was Laribacter hongkongensis positive among 804 specimens from diarrhea patients,which was in line with the existing coverage of the characteristics and biochemical characterization of bacterial colonies,and named it as JM1.ConclusionThe study proves the presence of Laribacter hongkongensis in the feces of a patient with community-acquired gastroenteritis in Guangdong province.
Relationship between Toll-like receptor 4 gene polymorphism and susceptibility of Legionella infection
WANG Fang-fang, WANG Su-ping, SHI Xiao-hong
2011, 27(4): 405-407. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-11
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ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between Toll-like receptor4(TLR4)gene(2244G→A)or (2299A→G)polymorphism and Legionella infection.MethodsThe 16Sr gene of Legionella in sputum samples was amplified with polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and the antigen of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 strain was detcted with enzyme immune assay(EIA)for pulmonary infection patients.Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)was used to analyze the TLR4(2244G→A)and(2299A→G)gene polymorphism in 25 Legionella infected patients,44 non-gram-negative bacterial infected patients,and 47 healthy individuals.ResultsThere were significant differences among the three groups in TLR4(2244G→A)polymorphism(χ2=17.234,P=0.002;χ2=15.332, P<0.001).There was a significant difference between healthy controls and other groups in TLR4(2244G→A)polymorphism (P<0.05).There was no significant difference between Legionella infected patients and case controls(P>0.05).There was no significant difference among the three groups in TLR4(2299A→G)polymorphism(P>0.05).ConclusionTLR4(2244G→A) polymorphism is associated with the susceptibility of Legionella and other non-gram-negative bacterial infection.
Mental disorders among minority people in rural areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
FENG Qi-ming, WEI Bo, CHENG Qiang
2011, 27(4): 408-410. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-12
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ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and distribution of mental disorders among minority people in rural areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.MethodsFrom July to December,2007,6000 subjects aged more than 15 years were randomly selected from five autonomous counties by stratified multi-stage cluster sampling method.All subjects were investigated with a face-to-face interview.The Chinese version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview(CIDI 3.0)was used as the screening tool and the diagnoses were made with the 10th edition of International Classfication of Disease.ResultsOverall 4743 subjects(79.05%)completed the screening.The total prevalence of mental disorder among the people of different minorities was 11.12‰,with the prevalence of 41.06‰ for Dong,29.11‰ for Yao,34.11‰ for Mulan, and 29.51‰ for Maonan,and the total lifetime prevalence was 12.13‰ for Miao,42.03‰ for Dong,29.11‰ for Yao, 39.96‰ for Mulam,and 29.51‰ for Maonan,respectirely.There were statistically significant differences in the total prevalence and the lifetime prevalence of mental disorders among the subjects of different gender,age,educational level,and marital status.ConclusionMental disorder is a major public health problem among minorities in Guangxi.
Effect of tea polyphenols on formaldehyde-induced damage of human umbilical vein endothelial cells
LI Zi-min, ZOU Yun-fei, ZOU Xue-min
2011, 27(4): 410-411. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-13
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ObjectiveTo observe the effect of tea polyphenols(TP)on formaldehyde-induced oxidative damage of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.MethodsHuman umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured with Dulbeccos modified Eagles medium in vitro and selected for exponential phase of growth for the experiment.Three groups were established as nomal group,formaldehyde injured group(0.1 mmol/L),and TP protection groups(2.5,5,10,and 20 mg/L),in which the tea polyphenols was firstly preincubated with the cells for 12hr before adding formaldehyde,followed by culturing for 4hr in CO2 incubator.The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)in cell culture solution,the level of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),malondialdehyde(MDA),nitric oxide(NO)in the culture,and glutathione(GSH)and the activity of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)in the cells were detected.ResultsThere were statistical differences in the levels of LDH, MDA,and NO between TP protection groups and formaldehyde-injured group,with the LDH levels of 2 021.02,1 878.17,1 748.56,and 1 625.72 U/L,MDA of 3.50,3.30,2.99,and 2.68 nmol/mL,and NO of 79.09,75.07,66.79,and 60.59 μmol/L for the TP group of 2.5,5,10,and 20 mg/L,respectively.Although the activity of NF-κB was significantly lower than that of formaldehyde group,the activity of SOD,GSH of the TP protection group were different from that of formaldehyde-injured group(P<0.01),with the SOD activity of 24.16,24.67,25.56,and 26.02 U/mL,GSH of 0.334,0.364,0.445,and 0.449μmol/mg,all higher than those of formaldehyde-injured group(SOD=23.72 U/ml and GSH=0.325 μmol/mg).ConclusionTea polyphenols can increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes in endothelial cells and reduce oxidative damage caused by formaldehyde.Tea polyphenols can lower generation of NO and ease intracellular lipid peroxidation by inhibiting the expression of NF-κB.
Effect of dietary antioxidant vitamin intake on anti-oxidative capacity in school-age children
TANG Yong-mei, ZHOU Hui, LIU Yi
2011, 27(4): 412-414. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-14
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ObjectiveTo study the effect of vitamin A,C,E intake on antioxidant capacity in children.MethodsTotally 382 students of 1-6 grades from 3 primary schools were investigated on general state of health,5 days diet and 1 month food frequency.Serum vitamin,antioxidant enzymes and peroxidation product were determined after informed the consent to their parents.The intakes were transformed with nutrition calculator V1.6.The data were analyzed with SPSS11.5 softw are.ResultsWhen vitamin A intake was less than 80% and more than 60% of the reference nutrient intake(RNI), the level of serum vitamin A was lower than normal level and malondialdehyde(MDA)was higher than normal level.When carotenoids intake was less than 440μg retinal equivalent(RE),the level of serum vitamin A was lower than normal level and MDA was higher than normal level.When carotenoids intake was less than 260μg RE,serum beta-carotene was higher than normal level.When vitamin C intake was less than 100% of RNI or 120% of RNI,serum vitamin C and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)were lower than the normal.When vitamin C intake was less than 140% of RNI,MDA was higher than normal level.When vitamin E intake was less than 100% of adequate intake(AI),the level of serum vitamin E was lower than normal level.When vitamin E intake was less than 120% of RNI,superoxide dismutase(SOD)was under normal level and MDA was higher than normal level.ConclusionChildren's antioxidant capacity are normal when their intakes of vitamin A>80% of RNI,carotenoids>440μg RE,vitamin C>140% of RNI,and vitamin E>120% of AI.
Induction of apoptosis by genistein in human leukemia cell line Jurkat E6-1
LIU Su-fang, HE Jian, YANG Jing-jing
2011, 27(4): 414-415. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-15
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and its mechanism of genistein(Gen)on human leukemia cell line Jurkat E6-1.MethodsJurkat E6-1 cells were treated with different concentrations of Gen.Inhibitive effect of Gen on cell grow th was determined with methy thiazoly tetazolium(MTT)test.DNA-ladder was used to measure the effect of Gen on apoptosis of Jurkat E6-1 cells.Alternative of bcl-2 and bax genes were detected with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).ResultsAt a concentration of higher than 0.5μmol/L,Gen could inhibit the growth of Jurkat E6-1 cells.After 24 hours,the inhibition ratio was 5.9% compared with that of the control group,with a significant difference (P<0.01)in a time-does-dependent manner(P<0.01).After 72 hours,the inhibition ratio was 24.9%,with a significant difference compared to that of at 24 hours(P<0.01).The expression rate of bcl-2 decreased after the treatment with the increasing concentration of Gen.However,the expression rate of bax increased after the treatment with the decreased concentrations of Gen.ConclusionGen can significantly inhibit the growth of human leukemia line Jurkat E6-1.Its mechanism is up-regulation of the bax expression and dow n-regulation of the bcl-2 expression.
Correlation between self-rated health and common chronic diseases in Chinese residents
LEI Peng, XU Ling, WU Zhuo-chun
2011, 27(4): 416-418. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-16
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ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between self-rated health and the most common chronic diseases among Chinese residents and to assess the extent of harm of chronic disease to the patients'self-rated health.MethodsUnivariate and multivariate analysis were applied to explore the correlation between chronic diseases and self-rated health and to assess the extent of harm of chronic disease to self-rated health among Chinese citizens aged 15 years and above recruited in the 4th National Health Household Interview Survey conducted in 2008.ResultsThe six main chronic diseases among the residents were hypertension(H),diabetes(DM),gastroenteritis(G),rheumatoid arthritis(RA),cerebrovascular diseases(CVD),and intervertebral disc diseases(I).After adjusting for age and sex,the ranking of the score of self-rated health reduced by the chronic diseases from high to low were CVD(16.74),RA(11.56),I(11.46),DM(10.82),G(9.25), and H(8.30).The score reduction of self-rated health for patients with 1 to 3 chronic diseases were 9.39,13.58,and 17.52.ConclusionThere is a close negative relationship between self-rated health and chronic disease among Chinese residents aged 15 years and above,and the reduction of self-rated health is different among patients with different chronic diseases.
Relationship between hyperlipidemia and dietary fatty acid among residents in rural area of Ningxia
ZHAO Yi, JIN Jing, LIU Xiu-ying
2011, 27(4): 419-421. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-17
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ObjectiveTo study the relationship between dietary fat intake and abnormal lipid metabolism among residents in rural area of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,and to provide scientific basis for control strategies of abnormal lipid metabolism.MethodsA cluster sampling method was used to select subjects form Hui and Han ethnic villages randomly.The contexts of survey included behavioral factors,general diet conditions,and collection of blood samples.Serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)were measured.All data were analyzed with Spss11.5 software package.Associations between categorical variables were tested,whereas differences between categorical and several biochemical and clinical indices were tested using T test.Partial correlation analysis was used to analyze relationship between dietary patterns and abnormal lipid metabolism.ResultsThere were 1612 subjects enrolled in the analysis,of which 483 suffered from abnormal lipid metabolism with an ageadjusted prevalence of abnormal lipid metabolism of 15.62% (Hui ethnic group,18.69%;Han ethnic group,13.26%).The prevalence of abnormal lipid metabolism of Hui ethnic group was higher than that of Han(χ2=14.817,P<0.001).The prevalence of abnormal lipid metabolism increased with age in both race.The results showed that saturated fatty acid had positive correlation with TC and HDL-C and linoleic acids had negative correlation with TC and HDL-C.There were positive correlations between monounsaturated fatty acids,linolenic acid and HDL-C.ConclusionThere is a higher prevalence of abnormal lipid metabolism among rural adults in Ningxia.Dietary fatty acids are closely related with abnormal lipid metabolism.
Correlation between personality, social support and mental health among migrant people
LIU Yue, LIN Chao-zhen, HUANG Hui-juan
2011, 27(4): 421-423. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-18
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ObjectiveTo analyze the mental status of migrant people and to discuss the relationship between personality traits,social support and mental health.MethodsTotally 1 097 migrants were randomly selected from two cities of Jiangyin and Zhangjiagang in south Jiangsu province and investigated with a questionnaire.ResultsThe incidence of psychological abnormality in the migrant people was 18.0%.The somatization score for migrant people was lower than that of ordinary people in the three provinces(P<0.01).The scores of obsessive-compulsive,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety, hostility,photic anxiety,paranoid ideation,and psychoticism of the migrants were higher than those of the norm in the three provinces(P<0.01).The somatization scores for typical extroversive group and typical introversive group were lower than those of the norm in the three provinces(P<0.05).The relationship sensitivity score for typical introversive group was higher than that of the norm in the three provinces(P<0.01).The score of nine elements for the typical high neuroticism and typical high psychoticism migrants were higher than those of the norm in the three provinces(P<0.01).The score of eight elements except fear for typical low neuroticisms was lower than that of the norm in the three provinces(P<0.05).The scores of somatization and paranoid ideation for low neuroticism migrants were lower than those of the norm in the three provinces(P<0.05).The score of objective support,subjective support,utilization of the support,and total score of social support for ordinary people were higher than abnormal people(P<0.01).The somatization score for high social support group was lower than that of the norm in the three provinces(P<0.01).The score of anxiety,photic anxiety,and psychoticism were all higher than those of the norm in the three provinces(P<0.05).Except for the somatization score,the scores of eight other elements for low social support group were all higher than those of the norm in the three provinces(P<0.01).ConclusionThe personality characteristics and social support of migrant people are significantly related to their mental health level.
Prevalence of infertility and its related factors among newlyweds in minority area
HUANG Jiang-tao, TANG Yun-ge, WANG Qi-ling
2011, 27(4): 424-426. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-19
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ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence of infertility among newlyweds in Guangdong minority area.MethodsThe couples married in 2009 in Liannan Yao Autonomous County,Lianshan Zhuang Autonomous County,and Lianzhou city of Guangdong province were selected with stratified cluster sampling for a cross-sectional study.The demographic and fertility information were collected with a standardized self-administered questionnaire.ResultsAmong the 4 404 couples,550 were not pregnant one year after they stopped using any contraceptive measure.The infertility rate was 12.5% for all couples,12.0% (411/3 527)for Han,16.7% (101/603)for Yao,and 13.9% (38/274)for Zhuang, respectively.There were significant differences in infertility incidence among the three groups(P=0.002).The factors related to infertility included the couples'age,marital relationship,quality of sexual life,the ethnic group,educational level, occupation,and menstruation of the females.ConclusionThere were significant differences in infertility incidence among Han,Yao and Zhuang couples and the rate for Yao was the highest.The older couples have a higher the infertility rate.There was a relatively low infertility rate among the couples with a wife with junior high school education,being farmer and having sexual harmony.
Thyroid health status among salt-wokers and farmers in Zhoushan archipelago
ZHU Wang-yu, LIU Xiao-guang, ZHOU Shi-quan
2011, 27(4): 426-428. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-20
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ObjectiveTo investigate iodine nutrition and thyroid health of the residends in Zhoushan archipelago and to evaluate the effect of universal salt iodization(USI).MethodsSalt-wokers(consuming non-iodized salt)and farmers (consuming iodized salt)were surveyed with a questionnaire and their thyroid conditions were assayed by B-mode ultrasound.Meanw hile,the urinary iodine concentration and the function of thyroid were measured.ResultsExcluding the iodine intake from iodized salt,the amounts of daily iodine intake were 161.6μg and 137.2μg for the salt-woker and the farmers,and there was no significant difference between the two groups.The median concentration of urinary iodine of the salt-wokers was 116.3μg/L,signicantly lower than that of the farmers(188.9μg/L).The prevalence of thyroid disease had no significant relation to iodine intake,smoking,alcohol drinking,and tea consumption(P>0.05).ConclusionThe residents in Zhoushan archipelago have adequate iodine intake.The key influential factor of the urinary iodine concentration is the intake of iodized salt.The effect of USI in Zhoushan archipelago should be studied.
Effect of lead and selenium co-incubation on neural cell adhesion molecule expression of primarily cultured hippocampal neurons
LIU Tao, REN Tie-ling, YE Liu-qing
2011, 27(4): 429-431. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-21
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ObjectiveTo study the effect of lead and selenium on the survival,neurite length and the expression of neural cell adhesion molecule(NCAM)in primarily cultured hippocampal neurons.MethodsWistar pups at postnatal 24 hours were anesthetized with 75% ethanol and the neurons were separated.The hippocampal neurons were primarily cultured.After co-incubation with lead chloride and selenomethionine(SeMet),hippocampal neural cells survival was tested by methyl thiazolyl tetrazoliun(MTT)assay.The mean neurite length was determined by tracing the major neurite of each neuron using the softw are packages Image pro-plus.Western blot was employed to determine the expression of neural cell adhesion molecule.ResultsAfter two days'co-incubation with lead chloride and SeMet simultaneously,the average length of neurite outgrow th was 6-17μm longer than that of lead chloride group(P<0.05).Treatment with SeMet at 0.125,0.25,0.5,1.0,and 2.0μmol/L,SeMet combination with lead chloride induced an increase in the expression of neural cell adhesion molecule compared to that of with lead incubation alone,especially with lead and 1.0μmol/L SeMet group.The expression of neural cell adhesion molecule was 2.00 for secondary high-dose group,1.96 for moderate-dose group,1.89 for low-dose group,1.80 for secondary low-dose group,and 1.75 for high-dose group,respectively.The expression of NCAM140 was higher than the expression of NCAM180 in different treatment groups.ConclusionSelenium increases neurite outgrowth and the expression of neural cell adhesion molecule.
Effect of combined polysaccharides on radiation-induced damage of testis tissue in rats
ZHOU Yin-zhu, LUO Qiong, LI Jing-jing
2011, 27(4): 431-432. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-22
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ObjectiveTo study the combined effect of the Laminaria japonica polysaccharides(LJP)and Lycium barbarum polysaccharides(LBP)on male rats'testicular tissue oxidative damage induced by chronic local ionizing radiation.MethodsFour weeks old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control,model,LBP,LJP,and LBP+LJP group.After one week adaptable rearing,apart from the control group,all groups were exposed to 60Coγ-ray local irradiation everyday for 20 days in four weeks(except the weekend)at a total radiation dose of 2.3 Gy for each rat.During the radiation,the rats were given intragastral administration according to the grouping everyday.Seven days after the cessation of exposure,the testicular tissue was observed and the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione(GSH),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX)and content of malonodialdehyde(MDA)in testicular tissue were determined.ResultsTesticular tissue in LBP+LJP was normal.LBP+LJP increased the contents of SOD,GSH-Px,GSH(P<0.01)and reduced MDA content(P<0.01).ConclusionThe radioprotective effects of combined LBP and LJP on testicular tissue are obvious and the combined effect is better than LBP or LJP independently.
Physical health status and its influential factors among the elderly ≥65 years old in Ji’nan city
ZHU Ai-ai, LI Shi-xue, WU Min
2011, 27(4): 433-435. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-23
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ObjectiveTo understand the health status and its influential factors among the elderly in Ji'nan city and to compare the difference in health status between urban and rural elderly.MethodsWith multi-stage simple random sampling,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 071 elderly≥65 years old in Ji'nan city.The generalized linear model was adopted in data analyses.ResultsOf all the elderly,the proportion of reporting good,normal,and bad self-perceived physical heath was 13.40% (143),68.10% (729),and 18.50% (198),respectively.Perceived health status of urban elderly was better than that of rural elderly.There were 63.02% of the elderly reporting chronic disease history,with a higher prevalence of chronic disease history among urban elderly.The top six common chronic diseases among the elderly wrere high blood pressure,heart disease,diabetes,chronic bronchitis,cervical disease,and cerebrovascular disease.Physical health score of the urban elderly was higher than that of the rural.ConclusionThe health status of elderly population in Ji'nan is not optimistic.Age,the evaluation to residential community(village),psychiatric/psychological score,place of residence, and average monthly personal income have significant effects on health status of the elderly.
Positive inotropic effect of antibody against sodium calcium exchanger α-2 repeat in isolated rat hearts
FENG Qi-long, WU Bo-wei
2011, 27(4): 435-437. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-24
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ObjectiveTo observe the effect and mechanism of the antibody against sodium calcium exchanger α-2(807-820) on cardiac function in Langendorff perfused rat hearts.MethodsSynthesized peptide α-2(807-820) was used as antigen to immunize the rats.Effects of the antibody against α-2(807-820) on cardiac function were observed in Langendorff perfused isolated heart.Effect of the antibody on sodium calcium exchanger current was studied using whole cell patch-clamp technique.ResultsThe titer of the antibody increased obviously in α-2(807-820) immunized rats and the concentration of the purified antibody was 6.3mg/ml.From the results of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,only one band with the same molecular weight as standard IgG could be observed in the sample of the purified antibody.The antibody increased left ventricular developed pressure(LVDP)and the maximal rate of LVDP rise/fall(±dp/dtmax)in Langendorff perfused isolated hearts at 10 and 40 nmol/L,and these effects could be largely reversed by KB-R7943.The antibody of 40 nmol/L augmented both outward and inward sodium calcium exchange currents from 1.05±0.17,0.86±0.21 pA/pF to 1.53±0.28,1.23±0.31 pA/pF(P<0.05),respectively.ConclusionThe antibody against α-2(807-820) could not only strengthen cardiac contraction,but also accelerate its relaxation via enhancement of sodium calcium exchange activity.
Correlation between fatty liver and BMI, WHR among female university staff
WANG Ya-li, ZHU Ming-yu, ZHAO Shan
2011, 27(4): 438-440. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-25
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ObjectiveTo investigate correlations between body mass index(BMI)and waist to hip ratio(WHR)with fatty liver among female faculty in Zhengzhou university.MethodsWe analyzed the data of health check-up of 1688 female staff in 2008 and used logistic regression analyses for risk factors of fatty liver.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight or obesity,abdominal adiposity,and fatty liver was 51.2%,34.4%,and 20.9%,respectively.The prevalence of fatty liver increased significantly with age,BMI,and WHR(P<0.05).The prevalence of fatty liver for the female with both increased BMI and WHR was significantly higher than that of with only increased BMI(49.3% vs 25.9%,P<0.05).Multivariant logistic regression showed that WHR,triglyceride(TG),BMI,and age were independent risk factors for fatty liver in the female with relative risks of 646.073(95% confidence interval〔CI〕:20.334-20527.555),1.515(95%CI:1.347-1.703),1.448(95%CI:1.365-1.536),and 1.020(95%CI:1.005-1.035),respectively.ConclusionWHR and BMI have correlation with the prevalence of fatty liver among female university staff.
Obesity indexes and cutoff values for diagnosis of metabolic syndrome
WANG Hong-li, HAN Yan-bai, LIU Yu
2011, 27(4): 440-442. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-26
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ObjectiveTo evaluate predictive value of various obesity indexes in the identification of metabolic syndrome(MS)and to calculate optimal cutoff values of the obesity indexes.MethodsAnthropometric measurements, physiological parameters and blood sample tests were taken among 1 907 in-service and retired staff in a university in Shenyang.The diagnostic criteria for MS defined by the International Diabetes Federation(IDF)and the Chinese Diabetes Society(CDS)were used.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analyses were performed to determine the best obesity index among waist circumference(WC),body mass index(BMI),waist-to-stature ratio(WSR),and waist-to-hip ratio(WHR)in diagnosis of MS.The optimal cutoff values were determined by the maximal Youden's indexes.ResultsBased on the IDF criteria,the optimal WC cutoff values were 90 cm in men and 80 cm in women.Based on the CDS criteria,the optimal BMI cutoff values were 24.6 in men and 25.6 in women.WSR had the highest area under the ROC curve and showed significantly better predictive value than BMI to identify MS(all P<0.05).The optimal WSR cutoff values were 53 for men and 51 for women.Risks of clustering MS risk factors were significantly higher in subjects with WSR above the cutoff value than those in normal range(P<0.05).Reducing the WSR to the normal range could prevent 41.3%-44.6% clustering of MS risk factors.ConclusionWSR is the simplest and best effective obesity index in the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome.
Expression and significance of heat shock protein 27 in lung squamous carcinoma tissues
YAN Zhen, FENG Yan-ming, ZHOU Fang
2011, 27(4): 443-445. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-27
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ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and significance of heat shock protein 27(HSP27)in lung squamous carcinoma tissues.MethodsThe expression of HSP27 was detected with real-time quantitative PCR(RQ-PCR) and western blot in 22 lung squamous carcinoma tissues and corresponding adjacent normal tissues with different topographylymphnode-metastasis(TNM)stages and differentiated degree.Then the relationship between the expression of HSP27 and pathological character of the tumor was analyzed.ResultsThere was no significant difference in expression level of HSP27 mRNA between lung squamous carcinoma tissues and the adjacent normal tissues.The expression level of HSP27 protein was higher in lung squamous carcinoma tissues than in adjacent normal tissues.HSP27 expression was higher in poorly differentiated tissues than in moderate and high differentiated tissues in lung squamous cell carcinoma(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of HSP27 protein between tumor tissues of different TNM stage(P>0.05).ConclusionThe expression of HSP27 protein increases in lung squamous cell carcinoma which might play a part in the development of carcinogenesis.
Effects of Solamum lyratum Thunb on proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma Bel7402 cells
YANG Xu-dong, ZHANG Jie, WANG Wei
2011, 27(4): 445-446. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-28
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ObjectiveTo observe the effects and the metabolism of Solamum lyratum Thunb on proliferation and apoptosis of Bel7402 cells in vitro.MethodsThe inhibitory effects of Solamum lyratum Thunb on proliferation of Bel7402 cells were measured by methy thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)colorimetric assay.Bel7402 cells were treated with various doses of Solamum lyratum Thunb.We observed apoptosis of Bel7402 cells with fluorescence microscope and detected the levels of survivin and bax gene expression with reverse transcriptase(RT)-PCR.ResultsSolamum lyratum Thunb inhibited the proliferation of Bel7402 cells(P<0.01).The apoptosis rates of Bel7402 cells in different dose groups(4,8,16 mg/mL)were 10.98%,17.02%,and 26.78%,respectively,and the rates were significantly higher than that of the control group(6.18%, P<0.01).After 48 hours,the levels of survivin gene expression in different dose groups were 0.43±0.01,0.38±0.02, and 0.29±0.01,respectively,and were significantly lower than that of the control group(0.65±0.05,P<0.01).The levels of bax gene expression in different dose groups were 0.47±0.05,0.56±0.04,and 0.73±0.06,respectively,and were significantly higher than that of the control group(0.36±0.02,P<0.01).ConclusionSolamum lyratum Thunb has anti-tumor effect on Bel7402 cells and could induce apoptosis of Bel7402 cells probably through dow n-regulatoin of survivin gene expression and up-regulation of bax gene expression.
Effect of Shenxionghuayu capsule on neurological function after global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats
LIU Hai-juan, ZHAO Ya-ning, LI Jian-min
2011, 27(4): 447-449. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-29
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Shenxionghuayu capsule on neurological function after global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.MethodsMale Sprague-Daw ley rats(n=40)were divided randomly into four groups:sham, model,low and high dose of Shenxionghuayu capsule treatment group.Global cerebral ischemia model was established by improved four-vessel occlusion of Pulsinelli's method.Forty-eight hours after the operation,morphological changes in hippocampal region were observed by hetatoxylin eosin(HE)staining.The quantity of apoptotic cells was measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transfernase medicated nick end labeling(TUNEL)method.Learning and memory function(eight-arm maze)and behavioral tests(roding method)were conducted.ResultsCompared with the sham group,the numbers of neural apoptotic cells increased(33.45±3.48)in model group.The total error times(8.94±3.78),the repeat error times (7.32±2.80),and the reference memory error times(3.48±1.26)increased.The general movement ability(79.1±24.5) decreased in model group.Compared with the model group,the number of neural apoptotic cells decreased(17.47±1.84); the total error time(3.00±1.80)and the repeat error time(2.10±0.85)decreased and the general movement ability(208.9 ±32.5)increased in Shenxionghuayu capsule group.ConclusionShenxionghuayu capsule can dramatically improve neural function after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury,which may be related to the suppression of neuronal apoptosis in rats.
Effect of taurine on immune function in mice with zinc poisoning
HU Min, XU Qun-ying
2011, 27(4): 449-450. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-30
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ObjectiveTo study the effect of taurine on immune function and T-lymphocyte proliferation in mice with zinc poisoning.MethodsThe mice of zinc poisoning model were randomly fed with different dose of taurine.The organ index was calculated.The lymphocyte proliferation was examined with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)assay.The production of interleukin-2(IL-2)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in cells were measured with enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay(ELISA).ResultsThe concentrations of TNF-α,IL-2 of the zinc poisoning control group were 9.02±1.34, 1.411±0.082 and the proliferation power of T-lymphocytes of the zinc poisoning model group was 0.0561±0.006,all of which were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05 for all).The concentrations of TNF-α,IL-2 of zinc poisoning group with low dose taurine(200mg/kg)were 15.92±2.32,1.928±0.103 and the proliferation power was 0.1201±0.012,significantly higher than those of zinc poisoning control group(P<0.01).ConclusionTaurine could increase concentrations of TNF-α,IL-2 and promote proliferation power of T-lymphocyte in mice with zinc poisoning.Taurine has protective effect on immune function impairment in mice with zinc poisoning.
Subchronic pulmonary toxicity of nano-sized calcium carbonate in rats
QIU Yu-lan, SONG Qiu-kun, WANG Hui
2011, 27(4): 451-453. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-31
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ObjectiveTo explore subchronic pulmonary toxicity of nano-sized calcium carbonate in rats.MethodsThirty-two male rats were randomly divided into negative control group and three experimental groups exposed to 0.8,4,and 20mg/ml nano-sized calcium carbonate.The rats were instilled with physiological saline and different doses nano-sized calcium carbonate once a week for five weeks through tracheal injection method.The indices in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)and lung tissue were determined,including lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),alkaline phosphatase(AKP),acid phosphatase(ACP),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and malonaldehyde(MDA).The pathological changes in the lung of the rats were also observed.ResultsThe level of LDH in 20mg/ml nano-sized calcium carbonate group,ACP in 4,20 mg/ml nano-sized calcium carbonate group were all higher than those of the saline control group with statistically significant differences(P=0.046 and P=0.002).The activities of AKP,SOD and the content of MDA of the lung were not significantly different among the groups.Pathological observation showed that the bronchus and alveoli of the rats in three nano-calcium carbonate groups were damaged in different degree.The infiltration of lympholeukocyte and heterophil granulocyte,the proliferation of interstitial fibrocyte were also observed.ConclusionNano-sized calcium carbonate may induce subchronic pulmonary toxicity in rats.
Influence of chronic alcohol intake on I-R induced gastric mucosa injury in rats
MA Xiao-bo, WANG Hong-jian, XU Qing-lei
2011, 27(4): 453-454. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-32
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of alcohol on ischemia-reperfusion(I-R)induced gastric mucosa injury in rats.MethodsThe rat model of gastric I-R injury and chronic alcohol drinking was established and the rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:normal sham operation group,alcohol drinking sham operation group,normal gastric I-R 1hr/2hr groups,and alcohol drinking gastric I-R 1hr/2hr groups.Gastric mucosal injury index was recorded.The contents of malondialdehyde(MDA)and the activity of superoxidase dismutase(SOD)in gastric mucosa were measured.The status of gastric mucosa cellula apoptosis was detected by TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL).ResultsI-R induced gastric mucosa injury(P<0.05).The gastric mucosa injury index was 106±12 and 74.4±11 after the reperfusion of 1 hr and 2 hr with the mucosal apoptosis rate of 73.2±6.5% and 54±7.4%,respectively.Compared with that of normal sham group,the content of MDA(7.98±2.1 nmol/mgprot)was significantly increased and the activity of SOD (141±16.1 U/mgprot)was reduced after gastric I-R of 1 hour.Gastric mucosal injury index(9.2±0.7)was increased after chronic alcohol intake.Chronic alcohol drinking didn't aggrevated I-R injury,but weakened the ability of gastric selfrepair.ConclusionAlcohol intake could reduce the activity of SOD and aggravate the oxidation and antioxidant balance disorders,and then weaken the ability of gastric self-repair.
Role of adiponectin and its relationship with heme oxygenase-1 in alcoholic liver disease
WANG Xiao-hong, CAO Qi, WANG Si-ying
2011, 27(4): 455-457. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-33
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ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of adiponectin protein and mRNA after chronic alcohol feeding as well as the relationship between heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)and adiponectin.MethodsWe established an animal model of alcoholic liver disease(ALD).Meanwhile,serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate transaminase(AST),plasma tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,glutathione(GSH),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and malonodialdehyde(MDA)in liver homogenate were detected.Adiponectin and HO-1mRNA were detected with RT-PCR.The corrlelations between adiponectin and HO-1mRNA,SOD were analyzed.ResultsThe levels of ALT,AST in serum,TNF-α in plasma,and MDA concentration in liver homogenate were increased compared with those of the normal and control groups.Adiponectin in plasma,GSH and SOD activities in liver homogenate were decreased compared with those of the control and normal groups.Moreover, with the severity of the liver injury,the expression levels of adiponectin and HO-1 mRNA were decreased.The plasma level of adiponectin was positively correlaed with HO-1 mRNA expression level(R2=0.966 2,P<0.01)and SOD activities (R2=0.740 3,P<0.01).ConclusionThe expression level of adiponectin is significantly correlated with liver injury.Adiponectin and HO-1 constitute a new anti-inflammatory pathway which may be also involved in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease process.
2011, 27(4): 457-458. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-34
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Biotransportation of arsenite into gastrointestinal tissues in mice
WANG Chun, CHEN Gang, QIU Liang-lin
2011, 27(4): 459-461. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-35
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ObjectiveTo explore the route of arsenite biotransportation into gastrointestinal tissues in mice.MethodsAs(Ⅲ)of 10mg/kg was administered by gavage or in suit perfusion to male mice with or without Hg(Ⅱ)or glycerol, inhibitors of aquaglyceroporins(AQGPs).The concentrations of inorganic arsenic(iAs)in stomach body and jejunum were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry(GFAAS).AQGPs(AQP3,7,9)mRNA expression levels were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).ResultsiAs content in stomach(108.62± 6.72μg/g)was much higher than that in intestine(13.47±2.48μg/g,P<0.01)after As(Ⅲ)administration by gavage.The concentrations of iAs were significantly decreased after administration of As(Ⅲ)with AQGPs inhibitors(P<0.01).In stomach,the levels of iAs decreased to 72.05±7.98μg/g after Hg(Ⅱ)co-administration and to 88.57±9.34μg/g after glycerol co-administration.The corresponding iAs levels in intestine were 8.88±0.95μg/g and 8.06±1.20μg/g,respectively.Similar results were obtained in the experiment of in situ perfusion.Compared with the iAs level in As(Ⅲ)treated group(13.94±0.78μg/g),the iAs levels decreased significantly in Hg(Ⅱ)+As(Ⅲ)group(10.37±0.29μg/g),as well as in glycerol+As(Ⅲ)group(10.21±0.44μg/g,P<0.01).AQP3,7,9 mRNA were extensively expressed in gastrointestinal tissues.The expression level of AQP3 mRNA in stomach body was much higher than that in jejunum (P<0.05).ConclusionArsenite may be biotransported by AQGPs into murine gastrointestinal tissues.
Effect of chronic aluminium exposure on cognitive function and its relationship with β-APP
ZHANG Ling, PAN Bao-long, JI Jun-wei
2011, 27(4): 461-462. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-36
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ObjectiveTo explore the effect of chronic aluminium exposure on cognitive ability in mice and the relationship with the expressions ofβ-amyloid precursor protein(β-APP)andβ-amyloid protein(β-AP).MethodsAnimal models of high,moderate and low dose aluminium exposure were established with AlCl3 in the feed at daily content of 120, 12,and 1.2 mg/kg.Cognitive abilities were evaluated with step down test,Morris water maze(MWM)and passive avoidance test after 9 months'exposure.The expressions of brain β-APP and β-AP were detected with western-blot.ResultsStep down test latency and the number of errors was 205.00±30.09 seconds and 0.29±0.49 time for the mice in control group,and those of moderate and ghigh dose aluminium exposure group were 159.63±59.61,103.02±41.86s and 1.63±1.06,2.00±1.63 times,respectively.Compared with the control group,the incubation period decreased and the number of error increased significantly in exposure groups(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,β-APP,β-AP expressions were significantly increased in the mice with high dose aluminium exposure(P<0.05,P<0.01).ConclusionChronic aluminium exposure can lead to cognitive dysfunction in mice.The increased expression ofβ-APP andβ-AP may be an important mechanism.
2011, 27(4): 463-464. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-37
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Protective effect of anthocyanidins on retinal photochemical damage in rats
CHEN Wei, LING Wen-hua
2011, 27(4): 464-465. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-38
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ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the protective effect of anthocyanin-rich extract from black rice(BRACs)on retinal photochemical damage(RPD)and anti-oxidative ability of anthocyanin.MethodsSixty SpragueDawley rats were randomly divided into control group,1ight group,and BRACs group.The retinal morphology was observed with light(hetatoxylin eosin staining)and transmission electron microscope.The concentration of malondialdehyde(MDA) and the activities of antioxidases in blood from eye socket were measured.ResultsLight exposure caused retina damage of varying degrees and increased MDA concentration to 8.82 nmol/mL and superoxide dismutase(SOD)to 27.08 U/mL (P<0.05),but decreased the level of glutathione S-transferase(GST)to 24.96 U/mL(P<0.05).Compared to light group, the retinal structure was normal in BRACs group;the concentration of MDA decreased to 6.85 nmol/ml(P<0.05);the activities of SOD,glutathion peroxidase,and GST increased to 28.90,433.69,and 34.75 U/ml,respectivity(P<0.05).ConclusionBRACs can effectively prevent the retina from photochemical damage via its anti-oxidative effect in rats.
Inhibitory effect of c-FLIP-ASODN on lung cancer cell in vivo
SUN Xue-fei, PEI Yan-tao, YANG Guo-tao
2011, 27(4): 466-468. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-39
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ObjectiveTo study the inhibitory effect of cellular Fas-associated death domain-like interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme inhibitory protein(c-FLIP)antisense oligodeoxy nucleotides(ASODN)on transplantation tumor of lung cancer cell line A549 in nude mice.MethodsThe nude mice bearing A549 cancer cells were applied to detect the effect of c-FLIP-ASODN in vivo.Control group,liposome group,sense oligonucleotide(SODN)group were set for comparison.The grow th curve of transplantation tumor was draw n and inhibition ratio was calculated according to tumor weight.Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of c-FLIP and Ki-67 antigen of the transplantation tumor.RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of c-FLIP mRNA.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated uridine triphosphate(UTP)nick end labeling(TUNEL)was used to examine the apoptosis index of the transplantation tumor.ResultsThe transplantation tumor of ASODN group developed slowly after the treatment.The tumor volume and the tumor weight of ASODN group were 512.4±33.6 and 376.9±45.8 mm3 and were smaller than those of the control group with a tumor inhibiting rate of 64.31%.The expression of c-FLIP mRNA and protein,Ki-67 antigen of ASODN group were 0.30±0.05,19.54±6.36,and 25.71±5.42,respectively,lower than those of the control group.The apoptosis index of the transplantation tumor of ASODN group was 39.68±6.28 and higher than that of the control group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusionc-FLIP-ASODN has anticancer activity on lung cancer cell line A549 in vivo.The inhibition in vivo is related to the decreased expression of c-FLIP mRNA and protein and increased apoptosis of the cancer cell.
2011, 27(4): 468-469. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-40
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2011, 27(4): 470-471. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-41
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2011, 27(4): 471-471. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-42
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Knowledge of cancer prevention among people in high-incidence area of hepatocellular carcinoma in Guangxi
LI Ji-lin, DENG Wei, YU Jia-hua
2011, 27(4): 472-473. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-43
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ObjectiveTo investigate the knowledge of cancer prevention and control among population in high-incidence area of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,and to provede evidence for early screening and treatment of HCC.MethodsThe socio-demographic characteristics of subjects and their know ledge on cancer risk factors,preventive measures and warning symptoms,as well as the early symptoms,screening and treatment methods of HCC were surveyed with a questionnaire.ResultsAmong 2 095 subjects,1 541(73.6%)knew liver,lung,and stomach cancer;909(43.4%)knew that drinking unclean pond water frquently was a risk factor of HCC and 1 443 (68.9%)knew that regular consumption of moldy grain was correlated with the incident of HCC.For all subjects,only 72 (3.4%)knew the early symptoms of HCC.The number of subjects willing to participate in early sereening of HCC was 1 829(87.3%).The main reason for the subjects un-willing to participate the screening was "not know ing the benefits of the screening"(832,39.7%).ConclusionThe awareness rate of cancer risk factors and prevention measures among the residents in high-incidence area of HCC in Guangxi are generally low.
Susceptibility of 1070 clinical isolates of Candida species to three antifungal agents
YU Qing, YU Ke-hua, ZHANG Qing-ping
2011, 27(4): 474-475. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-44
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ObjectiveTo evaluate susceptibilities of Candida species to three antifungal agents.MethodsThe Candida species isolates were differentiated by CHROMagar and Vitek2 YST test kits.And the susceptibility testing was performed with broth microdilution method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)M27-A2 reference method for broth antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts.ResultsOf the 1070 isolates collected,Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated species(748,69.90%),followed by Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis.Overall,87.8% of all Candida isolates were susceptible to fluconazole,99.5% to 5-fluorocytosine,and 40.3% to itraconazole.ConclusionAll the Candida isolates are highly sensitive to 5-fluorocytosine.However,the resistant rate of all the Candida strains to itraconazole is high.
Psychosocial status of MSM population in Guangzhou city
WU Jie, LU Ci-yong, HAO Yuan-tao
2011, 27(4): 476-478. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-45
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ObjectiveTo understand the psychosocial status of men who have sex with men(MSM)in Guangzhou and its relationship with high risk sex behaviors and to provide basis for intervention.MethodsInternet was used to recruit MSM for a anonymous questionnaire survey in Lingnan MSM partner support center,Guangzhou from March 2010 to June 2010.The data were analyzed with SPSS 13.0.ResultsAmong 291 MSM,3.4% (10/291)reported drug abuse,1.4% (4/291)for ketamine and 0.7% (2/291)for methampheta-mine and 23.4% (68/291)reported a center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D)score of 16-19,indicating possible depression symptoms.There were 40.5% (118/291) of MSM reported a CES-D score above 20,indicating a definitive depression symptom.Totally 17.5% (51/291)of MSM had childhood sexual abuse history.Logistic regression indicated that moderate depression(odds ratio[OR]=2.04,95% confidence interval[CI]:1.05-3.95),severe depression(OR=2.40,95%CI:1.34-4.29),childhood sexual abuse (OR=2.15,95%CI:1.01-4.56),and low HIV knowledge score(OR=1.68,95%CI:1.06-4.62)were risk factors of harmful sexual behaviors.ConclusionThe psychosocial status of MSM in Guangzhou is worse and certain psychosocial problems are correlated with high risk sex behaviors among the MSM.Thus the psychosocial status of MSM should be given a special attention in intervention work.
2011, 27(4): 478-479. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-46
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Prevalences of HIV and syphilis infection among MSM in Haikou
HE Bin, FENG Fu, ZHANG Shu-fang
2011, 27(4): 480-482. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-47
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ObjectiveTo know the characteristics of men who have sex with men(MSM)in Haikou and the prevalence rate of HIV and syphilis infection among the MSM.MethodsA cross-sectional face-to-face questionnaire survey was conucted among MSM recruited with snow ball sampling in Haikou city,Hainan province.Blood samples were collected from the MSM for HIV and syphilis detection.ResultsTotally 248 MSM completed the questionnaire survey with 140 active participants(56.5%),85(34.3%)recruited through internet,and 97(39.1%)from other provinces.In the last six months,there were 221(89.1%)of the MSM having sex with men,44(17.7%)having sex with women,and 12 (4.8%)having commercial sex.HIV prevalence rate in the MSM was 2.0% and syphilis prevalence rate was 10.5%.The HIV prevalence rate of the local MSM and MSM from other provinces were 2.6% (4/151)and 1.0% (1/97),respectively (P>0.05).The HIV prevalence rate of MSM having sex with women was 4.5% (2/44)and that of syphilis was 9.1% (4/44).For the MSM at the age of less than 20,20-29,30-39,and above 40 years,the HIV prevalence rate were 4.3% (1/23),1.2% (2/268),2.3% (1/44),and 7.7% (1/13),respectively(P>0.05).ConclusionThe young MSM (<20years),elder MSM(>40years),MSM having commercial sex,and MSM having sex with women have higher prevalence rate of HIV and syphilis and they are the key intervention groups in AIDS prevention.
Viral hepatitis B related knowledge and vaccination rate among different populations in Tianjin city
WU Wei-shen, LI Chao, WANG Wen-quan
2011, 27(4): 482-484. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-48
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ObjectiveTo describe vaccination rate and awareness rate of viral hepatitis B(HBV)prevention and treatment know ledge,and to explore strategies of health education and vaccination for adults.MethodsWith stratified method, different populations in five districts or counties were randomly chosen for the investigation.The normal adults were selected in public place by convenience as comparison.A questionnaire survey on rate of vaccination,aw areness and discrimination on viral hepatitis B was conducted among the participants.ResultsThe vaccination rate of students,teachers,physicians, child-care workers,food service workers,bank workers,HBV intimate contact families,and intravenous illegal drug users was 41.33%,33.88%,70.23%,62.50%,38.16%,41.53%,39.84%,and 3.57% and the awareness rate was 54.51%, 73.47%,89.95%,77.36%,53.61%,64.72%,67.15%,and 28.72%,respectively.There was discrimination to HBV carrier among the populations with the discrimination rate of 52.54%,28.78%,5.85%,20.83%,54.08%,40.68%, 22.71%,and 37.50% among the different populations,respectively.The hepatitis B vaccination rate of the normal adults was 32.82% and the aw areness rate was 58.30% and the discrimination rate was 31.07% among the normal adults.ConclusionThe vaccination rate of special group is higher than that of the usual adults,but the total vaccination rate is relatively low.Various populations have different awareness and discrimination rates for HBV carrier.
Nutrient intakes of Korean and Han nationality boys aged 9-12 years in Jilin city
LI Shan-ji, ZHOU Yong, BAI Xue-song
2011, 27(4): 485-487. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-49
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the nutrient intakes in a sample of 367 boys aged 9-12 years Korean-Chinese and Han nationality living in Jilin city.MethodsDietary nutrient intakes were assessed with 3-day dietary records under the help of teachers and parents.ResultsThe mean daily energy intakes were 7.4MJ for Korean-Chinese and 7.5MJ for Han nationality boys,accounting for 77.8% and 81.0% of recommended nutrient intake(RNI),respectively.The mean daily intakes of carbohydrates,protein,and fat were 298.0g,61.5g,and 40.6g for Korean-Chinese boys and 290.3g,67.0g,and 47.4g for Han nationality boys.The mean daily intakes of calcium,zinc,vitamin A,riboflavin,and vitamin C were below the RNI or adequate intake(AI)levels(44.8%-67.6%)in both ethnic boys.The mean intakes of fat,protein,thiamin, vitamin C,and niacin were significantly higher in Han nationality boys than in Korean-Chinese boys(P<0.05).ConclusionThere are deficient micro-nutrient intakes in Korean-Chinese and Han boys aged 9-12 years in Jinlin city.The comprehensive measures should be taken in order to improve nutritional status of the children.
2011, 27(4): 487-488. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-50
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Estimation of AIDS and HIV epidemic in Jilin province, 2009
MENG Xiao-jun, GUO Wei, MENG Xiang-dong
2011, 27(4): 489-491. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-51
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ObjectiveTo estimate HIV high-risk population sizes and the number of people living with HIV/AIDS[PLWHA]in Jilin province and to provide evidence for HIV prevention and control.MethodsAccording to data of sentinel surveillance,case reporting,epidemiology survey,and scientific lectures,workbook method was used to estimate HIV epidemic in Jilin province.ResultsBy the end of 2009,5668(4262-7075)people were living with HIV/AIDS in Jilin province.The total prevalence of HIV infection was 0.021% (0.016%-0.026%).It is estimated that,among the 5668 PLWHA,43.3% contracted HIV through heterosexual contact,36.6% through homosexual contact,16.7% through blood, 2.9% through injecting drug,and 0.5% through mother to child transmission.ConclusionThe HIV epidemic in Jilin province was still at a lower level in 2009 and the sexual transmission was the main transmission way and HIV infection mainly concentrated in several big cities.
2011, 27(4): 491-491. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-52
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Drinking patterns and awareness of harm effect of alcohol among Yi people in Yunnan province
YIN Jian-zhong, WANG Qi, ZHANG Xue-hui
2011, 27(4): 492-494. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-53
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ObjectiveTo understand alcohol drinking patterns in Yi people in Yunnan province,and to observe the effects of health education program on aw areness of the harm of alcohol consumption for effective intervention.MethodsWith multistage clustering sampling,1769 Yi residents of three tow nships in Dayao county were selected and investigated with a face-to-face questionnaire survey on their alcohol drinking behavior.Based on the results of baseline investigation, intervention subjects were selected and randomly divided into intervention and control groups.ResultsThe total drinking rate of the subjects was 47.9% (847/1769)with a significant higher rate of 67.6% (699/1034)in men than women (20.1%,148/735;χ2=387.86,P<0.001).The intervention group received an education program and propaganda for 6 months and showed an obvious different aw areness rate compared with that of before intervention.However,the control group had no obvious change.ConclusionThe alcohol drinking is a prevalent behavior in Yi people,and related know ledge about the harm of alcohol drinking should be popularized among the residents to reduce the rate of chronic diseases among alcohol drinkers.
2011, 27(4): 494-495. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-54
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2011, 27(4): 496-499. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-55
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2011, 27(4): 499-500. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-56
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Risk factors of essential hypertension among university staff:a case-conrol study
GUAN Xiu-ping, XIANG Hao, XIA Hao
2011, 27(4): 501-503. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-57
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ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors of essential hypertension(EH)among university staff and to lay a foundation for etiological study and prevention of EH.MethodsA population of faculty from an university in Wuhan was selected as the subjects to conduct a group matched case-control study(case=1892,control=1860).All subjects were interviewed with a questionnaire and measured for blood pressure,height,weight and investigated for risk factors of life style (smoking and alcohol drinking).ResultsThe frequency of overweight,obesity,history of diabetes,taking physical excercise three times or more a week,hyperglycosemia,high blood urea nitrogen,and hyperuricacidemia in the case group was 48.0%,16.1%,8.5%,34.0%,28.2%,16.1%,and 21.3%,and 40.6%,8.0%,3.1%,29.9%,19.5%,11.0%,and 12.3% in the control group,respectively.There were significant differences in the variables between the tw o groups(P< 0.01 for all).However,there were no significant differences in smoking,alcohol drinking,total cholesterol,and triglyeride (P>0.05 for all).The results of multivariant logistic regression showed that obesity,history of diabetes,hyperglycosemia, high blood urea nitrogen,and hyperuricacidemia were risk factors of essential hypertension after adjusting for confoundigng factors.ConclusionThe university staff with obesity,history of diabetes,hyperglycosemia,high blood urea nitrogen,and hyperuricacidemia are susceptive to essential hypertension.
Status of health knowledge among peasant-workers in Dongcheng district in Dongguan city
ZENG Qing, ZENG Li-ping, WU Jian-jun
2011, 27(4): 503-504. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-58
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ObjectiveTo investigate the status of health knowledge and its influencing factors among peasant-workers in Dongcheng district,Dongguan city for the development of health education program.MethodsThe health know ledge questionnaire was designed with Green's mode.A total of 1 500 peasant-workers living in Dongcheng district more than 6 months were investigated with a face-to-face interview.The data were input with Epidata and analyzed with SAS9.0.ResultsTotally 1473 qualified questionnaires were collected.The average awareness ratio and score of health knowledge were 85.23% and 25.245±3.825.The factors significantly influencing health know ledge status were sex,age,education level, number of child in the family,family income per capita a year,and time of work in Dongguan.ConclusionThe peasant workers with younger age,lower education,small number of family member,less time in Dongguan,and low income per capica are key population for health education.
Association between hypertension, body mass index and benign prostatic hyperplasia
ZHANG Li-yue, WEN Juan, QI Jian-jun
2011, 27(4): 505-507. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-59
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ObjectiveTo investigate the association between hypertension,body mass index(BMI)and clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).MethodsA hospital-based 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted,including the men (55-90 years old)who were surgically treated for BPH between 2007 and 2009(n=380)and the controls who were admitted to the same hospital with different diseases not related to prostatic conditions.All subjects were interviewed during their hospitalization with a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire including information on socio-demographic characteristics,lifestyle,detailed medical history,and family history of BPH in first-degree relatives.Odds ratios(ORs)and corresponding 95% confidence intervals(95%CI)were estimated with conditional logistic regression model.ResultsAfter adjusted for age,systolic blood pressure was positively related to BPH surgery only among the men with a systolic blood pressure of 160-179 mmHg and 180 mmHg or more(OR=2.135,95%CI:1.139-4.001 and OR=2.704,95%CI:1.475-4.958,respectively).The duration of hypertension was positively related with BPH(χ2=8.876,P=0.031),especially for 20 years or more(OR=4.948,95%CI:2.006-12.203;P=0.001).For men of overweight(body mass index[BMI]:24.0-27.9)or obesity(BMI≥28.0),hyrertention was associated with a significantly increased risk for surgically treated BPH (compared with the subjects without hypertension(OR=2.548,95%CI:1.397-4.648 and OR=2.667,95%CI:1.038-13.212,respectively).ConclusionHypertension is a risk factor for BPH.A long-term hypertension,particularly the high systolic blood pressure may promote the occurrence and progression of BPH.For men of overweight or obesity,hypertension is associated with a significantly increased risk for surgically treated BPH.
2011, 27(4): 507-508. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-60
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2011, 27(4): 509-511. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-61
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Depression symptoms and associated factors in middle school students of Kunming urban area
CHEN Gui-cun, HUANG Ying, LI Yan
2011, 27(4): 511-512. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-62
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ObjectiveTo study the prevalence and epidemiological feature of depression symptoms and associated factors in middle school students of Kunming urban area.MethodsCenter for Epidemiologic Studies Depresion Scale (CES-D),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),Middle School Students Coping Styly Scale and self-compiled questionnaire were adopted to investigate 2 150 middle school students.ResultsThe prevalence rate of depression symptoms was 20% (425/2 128).Chi-square tests showed that female students had a higher prevalence rate of depression symptom than male students(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference between senior and junior school students,only child and non-only child in depression(P>0.05).The male students had lower scores in coping style and social support than female students except for factors of patience and avoidence.The depression symptoms were correlated with factors of coping style and social support except for factors of seeking social support and active rationalization.ConclusionDepression symptom is a common psychlolgical problem in middle school students.Improvements in coping style and social support can promote the mental health of the students.
Quality of life and its influential factors among medical university students
XUE Lei, CEN Han, HUANG Zhang-jun
2011, 27(4): 513-516. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-63
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duates,and to provide scientific evidence for intervention.MethodsWith stratified-cluster sampling method,2 386 students in medical university were surveyed with the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF)and QOL related factors questionnaire.ResultsThe average age of the students was 22.10±3.26 years with 1 162 males(48.7%)and 1224 females(51.3%).The scores of physiology,psychology,social relationship, environment domain,general QOL,and health status were 64.59±12.65,61.26±14.16,62.62±12.85,54.12±13.98, and 57.74±18.46,respectively.The scores of physiology domain,general QOL and health status of the students were lower than those of the norm(P<0.05).But the scores of social relationship and environment domain were higher than those of the norm(P<0.05).The score of psychology domain of the students was not significantly different from that of the norm (P>0.05).Multiple regression analysis indicated that appetite,sleep,physical exercise,alcohol drinking,gender,family income,and other factors were significant influential factors of QOL among the students.Multiple regression analysis also showed that female students,the students with good appetite,with sufficient sleep,often doing exercise,from a family of high income,without smoking and alcohol drinking,without myopic or other illness had better QOL than other students.The QOL of the students having no leadership in student organization or not attending social association,or having conflict with the family were worse than that of other students.ConclusionGender,appetite,sleep,physical exercise,family income, smoking,alcohol drinking,disease,myopia,having leadership in student or attending social association,and conflict in the family are the main influential factors of QOL among the students in medical university.
2011, 27(4): 516-517. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-64
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2011, 27(4): 518-518. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-65
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Potassium iodide method:a qiuck way of genomic DNA extraction from human blood clotting
WEI Jun, ZHANG Zhen-zhen, ZHU Hui-lian
2011, 27(4): 519-520. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-66
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ObjectiveTo establish a simple,quick and economical method for genomic DNA extraction from human blood clotting compared with traditional phenol-chloroform method.MethodsDouble distilled water was used to lyse red blood cells(RBC)and saturated potassium iodide to lyse white blood cells(WBC)and its nuclear membrane.Chloroform and isoamyl alcohol was used to precipitate proteins and the residues of cells.The the genomic DNA was precipitated by isopropanol and ethanol.ResultsThe average quantity of genomic DNA extracted was 46.4±8.8mg/L and the ratio of A260/A280 was 1.79±0.23.Furthermore,no statistical signifcance was observed when compared with phenol-chloroform method.The electrophoretic bands of genomic DNA and PCR amplification products were distinct,and the extracted genomic DNA reached the standard for molecular biological experiment.ConclusionThe postassium iodide method is a simple, quick,economical and efficient way for genomic DNA extraction from human blood clotting,and could be used in large genomics study.
Isolation of Ochrobactrum anthropi with modified cefoperazone Mac-Lonkey agar
HUA De, WANG Shao-ling, HU Wei
2011, 27(4): 521-522. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-67
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ObjectiveTo know the morphology,culture,biochemistry,and drug sensitivity of Ochrobactrum anthropi and to establish a suitable methods for its identification.MethodsOchrobactrum anthropi was isolated with modified MacLonkey agar(with cefoperazone added)and identified by API20E,VITEC2GN.The drug sensitivity of Ochrobactrum anthropi was determined with AST-GN10.ResultsFrom 206 samples,there were 21 Ochrobactrum anthropi strains isolated.The isolated strains could not utilize glucose and alcohol.The results of drug sensitivity test on Ochrobactrum anthropi strains showed minimal inhibitory concentrations(MIC)of ≥128 for ticacilin and piperacilin,≥64 for cephalosporin antibiotics,and≤1 for tetracycline,levofloxacin,ciprofloxacin,meropenem,and imipenem.ConclusionModified Mac-lonkey agar(with cefoperazone added)is suitable for the detection and identification of Ochrobactrum anthropi in clinical laboratory and natural environment.Ochrobactrum anthropi is highly resistant to β-lactamase-producing antibiotics.
2011, 27(4): 523-523. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-68
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2011, 27(4): 524-524. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-69
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2011, 27(4): 525-527. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-70
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2011, 27(4): 527-528. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2011-27-04-71
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