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2012 Vol. 28, No. 5

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2012, 28(5): 569-571. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-01
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Triffic environmental factors for road traffic injury in Guilin city
HUANG Kai-yong, WANG Xiao-min, DONG Ai-hu
2012, 28(5): 571-573. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-02
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Objective To explore traffic environment risk factors for road traffic injury(RTI) and to provide scientific evidence for RTI prevention and control.Methods RTI data of Guilin city from 2000 to 2009 were collected and analyzed with single factor and multiple factors logistic regression.The traffic environment risk factors for RTI were identified.Results There were 3 603 RTI recorded between 2000-2009 in urban area of Guilin city,of wihich 3 278(90.98%) were attributed to personal factor,250(6.94%) to road factors,and 75(2.08%) to vehicle factors.The results of single factor logistic regression showed that the traffic environment risk factors for road traffic injury were marker line(odds ratio [OR]=1.363),muddy road(OR=6.976),wet road(OR=10.057),dry road(OR=8.055),traffic circus(OR=4.172),four-round crossroad(OR=1.574),bridge(OR=2.558),ordinary road(OR=0.691),first-class road(OR=3.206),second-calss road(OR=1.602),third-class road(OR=2.321),ordinary road in urban area(OR=0.655),road with street lamp at night(OR=0.469),and day-time(OR=2.061).Multiple logistic regressions revealed that marker line,fouround crossroad,ordinary road,first-and second-class road,ordinary road in urban area,and daytime were traffic enviroment risk factors for RTI in Guilin city.Conclusion The daytime,marker-line,four round crossroad,ordinary road,first-and,secondclass road,and ordinary city road are closely related to the occurrence of RTI in Guilin city.Relevant government departments should carry out traffic safety education among road users and improve road traffic environment to reduce the occurrence of RTI.
Time series analysis on road traffic injury in Nanning city, 2000-2009
PENG Zhen-ren, YANG LI, LIU Yong
2012, 28(5): 574-575. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-03
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Objective To establish predictive models for road traffic injury(RTI) in Nanning city,and to elucidate the trend of RTI for prevention and controll of RTI in Nanning.Methods The RTI data from 2000 to 2009 in Nanning city were collected and the autoregressive integrated moving average(ARIMA) model was used to analyze and predict the trend of RTI from 2010 to 2011 in Nanning.Results A series of predictive equations on RTI were established based on ARIMA model.The model fitting was effcetive and the predictive data on RTI were close to the true statistical data,and all the predictive models were ARIMA(1,0,0).The predictions for number of accident,number of people dead and injured due to injury,and direct economic lost were 472,145 and 562 persons,and 1 570 436 RMB yuan for the calendar year of 2010 and 464,141 and 527 persons,and 1 611 029 RMB yuan for 2011 based on the models.Conclusion The ARIMA model could be applied in RTI prediction effectively.
Analysis on road traffic injuries in Guilin city using inverse distance weighted interpolation method
HUANG Kai-yong, TANG Xian-yan, WANG Xiao-min
2012, 28(5): 576-577. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-04
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Objective To explore the geographical distribution and prevalence trend of death caused by road traffic injuries in Guilin city of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2000 to 2009,and to provide scientific evidence for control and prevention of road traffic injury.Methods A distribution map of death caused by road traffic injuries in Guilin city was compiled with inverse distance weighted interpolation method using ArcGIS 9.2,taking the electronic map of Guilin city as a background.Results The map reflected accurately the geographical distribution and prevalence trend of death caused by road traffic injuries in Guilin city.Conclusion The map drawn with inverse distance weighted interpolation method is reliable,convenient,and feasible.
Influence factors of road traffic injury among motor vehicle drivers in Guilin city
WANG Jian, HUANG Kai-yong, WANG Xiao-min
2012, 28(5): 578-579. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-05
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Objective To explore the influence factors of road traffic injury among motor vehicle drivers and to provide scientific evidence for road traffic injury prevention and control.Methods The data on road traffic injury(RTI) in Guilin city from 2000 to 2009 were collected and the influence factors of RTI among motor vehicle driver were analyzed with logistic regression.Results There were 3 603 road traffic injuries occured in Guilin city from 2000 to 2009 with 506 people died and 2 911 people injured.The gender ratio for RTI death(men vs women) was 2.54 and the most of RTI casualties were young people aged 21-45 years.There were 3 208 RTI caused by motor vehicle drivers,accounting for 89.04% of the total RTI.Fatigue driving(odds ratio[OR]=4.280,95% confidence interval[CI]:2.055-8.916; P=0.000),over speeding(OR=0.269,95% CI:0.125-0.578; P=0.000),lack of longitudinal space(OR=1.606,95% CI:1.815-3.164; P=0.001),and violation of traffic signal(OR=2.118,95% CI:1.524-2.945; P=0.000) were included the multivaritate conditional logistic regression model.Conclusion Fatigue driving,over speeding,lack of longitudinal space,and violating traffic signal are closely related to the occurrence of road traffic injury.
Distribution and trend of inpatients with road traffic injury in Lanzhou city from 1994 to 2008
YANG Ai-min, BAI Ya-na, HU Xiao-bin
2012, 28(5): 580-582. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-06
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Objective To examine distribution characteristics and trend of inpatients with road traffic injury and to provide basic information for reducing road traffic injury.Methods Cluster sampling was used to extract medical records of road traffic injury inpatients from 1994 through 2008 in Lanzhou city and gender,age,occupation distributions of the inpatients were analyzed.Results Totally 4 077 inpatients were recruited with a higher proportion of male inpatients than female(72.75% vs 27.25%,χ2=90.52;P=0.000).The proportion of male inpatients increased yearly with an average rate of 1.96% (rs=0.718,P=0.003),whereas the proportion of female decreased with an average rate of 4.18% (rs=-0.718,P=0.003).The proportion of inpatients was 11.23%,15.99%,23.08%,25.66%,13.83%,6.40%,and 3.83% for the patients at age of 0-14,15-24,25-34,35-44,45-54,and≥65 years with significant differences among the groups(χ2=137.61,P=0.000).The proportions of inpatients at age of 35-44 and 45-54 increased with the average annual increments of 3.55% and 4.38% (P<0.05)but the proportion for inpatients at age of 25-34 years decreased(3.63%,rs=-0.868,P=0.000).There were significant differences in the proportion of the inpatients with different occupations.The proportion of worker and carder inpatients increased with time and that of farmer and other occupation decreased(P=0.000 for all).Conclusion There were more young men among the inpatients and farmers,workers and students are populations at higher risk of road traffic injury in Lanzhou city.
Risk of hepatitis B virus infection among residents in Shenzhen city
ZHANG Yan-biao, LU Yan, XIE Xu
2012, 28(5): 583-585. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-07
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Objective To examine infection status of hepatitis B virus(HBV)and risk factors of HBV infection among Shenzhen residents.Methods With multi-stage cluster systematic random sampling,3 771 residents aged 1-59 years were selected from 1 000 households in 10 communities for a home visiting survey and serological marker test of HBV.Hepatitis B virus surface antigen(HBsAg),antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen(anti-HBs),and antibody of hepatitis B core antigen(anti-HBc)were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The positive rate of HBsAg,anti-HBs,anti-HBc,and the infection rate of HBV was 6.68%,71.92%,37.39%,and 45.93%,respectively,in the residents.The positive rate of HBsAg and the infection rate of HBV increased with age.Logistic regression analyses showed that the risk factors of HBV infection were with the family member of hepatitis B patients,history of endoscope examination,operation history,and blood donation history.Conclusion The infection rate of HBV in Shenzhen residents was lower than that of the national average rate.HBV infection has the trend of family cluster.Medical and health conditions are major influencing factors of HBV infection.
Prevalence and related factors of hypertension among Zhuang residents in Jingxi county of Guangxi
LI Hong-xiang, LIANG Ye, LI Tian-zi
2012, 28(5): 585-587. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-08
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Objective To explore the prevalence and related factors of hypertension among Zhuang residents in Jingxi county of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region for the prevention and control of the disease.Methods A questionnaire survey and physical examination were conducted among 561 Zhuang residents aged 20 years or older selected with stratified cluster random sampling from two villages in Jingxi county.Results The crude and standardized prevalence rate of hypertension were 22.6% and 22.1%.The results of multivariate unconditional logistic regression analyses showed that gender(male),obesity,diabetes,smoking,alcohol-drinking,and eating fat meat or animal offal were risk factors of hypertension,whereas tea drinking,vegetarian,and exercise were protective factors of hypertension among the residents.Conclusion Hypertension prevalence is high and related to dietary pattern,life style,and exercise among Zhuang residents in Jingxi county.
Evaluation on quality of life instrument for patients with diabetes mellitus
LUO Na, LI Hong, WAN Chong-hua
2012, 28(5): 588-560. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-09
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Objective To evaluate a self-designed quality of life instrument(test version)for chronic diseases-diabetes mellitus(QLICD-DM).Methods The quality of life among 159 type II diabetes mellitus inpatients was measured with QLICD-DM at three times:on the first and second day of the hospitalization,and on the day of discharge form the hospital.The validity,reliability and responsiveness of the QLICD-DM were evaluated.Results The Cronbach's alpha and split-half reliability in all domains was greater than 0.7.Test-retest reliability in all domains was greater than 0.9.All of the correlation coefficient between each item and its facet or domain were greater than the correlation coefficient with other facets or domains.Exploratory factor analyses showed that the first principal component representing the aspects of psychological functioning explained 33.919% of the variance and the second principal component representing the aspects of the diabetic complication explained 12.006% of the variance.The differences before and after the treatment in all domains including physical functioning,psychological functioning,social functioning,special module domain,and total score of the instrument had statistical significance(P<0.01)with the standardized responsive mean(SRM)of 0.691,0.638,0.428,1.148,and 1.223.Conclusion The QLICD-DM is good in reliability,validity,and responsiveness and suitable to serve as a quality of life measurement instrument for patients with diabetes mellitus in China.
Prevalence and influential factors of hypertension among urban residents in Ningxia
GONG Jie, JIA Shao-bin, MA Xue-ping
2012, 28(5): 590-592. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-10
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Objective To examine the epidemiological feature and intervention effectiveness of hypertension in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region for improvement of hypertention control in communities.Methods A total of 6 071 subjects aged ≥18 years in 6 counties of Ningxia were selected with multi-stage randomized cluster sampling for a questionnaire survey.Results The prevalence rate of hypertension was 25.47% (25.36% for male and 25.56 for female),with a standardized prevalence rate of 16.0%.There was no significant difference in the prevalence between the male and female subjects(P>0.05).The prevalence rate was 21.91% in Hui nationality and 26.84% in Han nationality(P<0.001).Multiple factor unconditioned logistic regression analyses showed that the risk factors for hypertension in the population included age,nation,degree of education,history of diabetes,familial history of hypertension,smoking history,drinking wine,high salt diet,and body mass index(BMI).Conclusion Hypertension prevalence rate is at a higher level and correlates with age,education level,BMI,history of diabetes,fimilial history of hypertension,smoking,and alcohol drinking among urban residents in Ningxia.
Relationship between hyperuricemia and lipometabolism among Kazaks in Xinjiang
SHI Hui, CHEN Shao-wan, LI Lu
2012, 28(5): 593-595. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-11
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Objective To examine the uric acid level and analyze the correlation between hyperuricemia and lipometabolism among Kazaks in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Methods From October 2009 to July 2010,the blood samples were collected from 128 cases of hyperuricmia and 128 controls for detections of serum uric acid(SUA)and lipidrelated indicies.Results The SUA(469.31±87.38μmol/L),blood urea nitrogen(BUN)(6.10±2.45 mmol/L),serum creatinine(SCr)(88.34±20.39μmol/L),total triglyceride(TG)(1.66±1.74 mmol/L),lowdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C)(2.72±1.13 mmol/L),apoloipoprotein B(Apo-B)(0.91±0.27g/L),and glucose(GLU)(6.12±2.52 mmol/L)were increased and high density lipoprotein-cholesteral(HDL-C)(1.49±0.82 mmol/L),Apo-A1/ApoB(1.36±0.42)decreased in the hyperuricemia compared to those of the controls.The concentration of uric acid of the men was higher than that of the women.There were different prevalences of lipometabolism disorder in the subjectes of different age,with a higher prevalence among the subjects at the age of 31-40 years.Correlation analyses demonstrated that the SUA was positively correlated with age,TC,TG,BUN,SCr,LDL-C,and Apo-B and inversely correlated with HDL-C and ApoA1/ApoB.Regression analyses showed that gender,HDL-C,BUN,TC,Apo-A1,and Apo-A1/Apo-B were the independent hazardous factor of hyperuricemia.Conclusion The serum lipid of the hyperuricemia is higher than that of people with nomal serum uric acid and the uric acid level of the hyperuricemia is closely correlated with lipometabolism in Kazaks.
Effectiveness of community comprehensive intervention for patients with diabetes
ZHANG Mao-rong, TIAN Rong, MA Ya
2012, 28(5): 595-596. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-12
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Objective To analyze and evaluate the influence of comprehensive intervention on knowledge and control of diabetes in community patients with diabetes.Methods Totally 216 diabetes patients were selected from Kexing community in Kunming city.All the subjects were interviewed with a structured questionnaire and physiscally checked up and thegiven a comprehensive intervention on diabetes.The second survey was carried out one and a half year after the base line survey.Results After the intervention,the awareness rate of the knowledge about diabetes prevention and control was improved significantly.The average blood glucose control rate was improved compared with that of before the intervention(χ2=60.287,P=0.000).The average blood presure control rate was also improved compared to that before the intervention(χ2=32.853,P=0.000).Conclusion Community comprehensive intervention can improve the knowledge about diabetes prevention and control and the control of the disease in community patients with diabetes.
Relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms of HSP70 genes and susceptibility to hypertension in workers exposed to heat stress
LI Rui-fang, SUN Jian-ya, ZHANG Ping
2012, 28(5): 597-600. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-13
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Objective To study the relationship between HSP70 polymorphisms and susceptibility to hypertension in workers exposed to heat stress.Methods Totally 158 steel workers and rollers were selected as the exposure group and 76 workers without heat stress exposure were selected as the control group.The general status and the blood pressure were investigated.HSP70 genotypes were analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)technique and the haplotype was caluclated with PHASE 2.0 software.Results HSP70 genotype frequencies of the exposure and the non-exposure groups were not significantly different in the workers with normal blood pressure or hypertension.HSP70-1 C/C genotype frequency in the workers with higher blood pressure was significantly higher than those in heat-unexposed workers with hypertension(P<0.05).Compared with G/G genotype,C/C genotype was a risk factor for increased blood pressure,with an adjusted odds ratio[OR]of 3.52(95% confidence interval[CI]:1.02-12.11)for all workers.HSP70-2 G/G genotype frequency in the workers with higher blood pressure in exposure group was significantly higher than that of workers with hypertension or normal blood pressure in unexposure group(P<0.05).HSP70-2 G/A genotype frequency in the workers with higher blood pressure in exposure group was significantly lower than that in wokders with hypertension or normal blood pressure in unexposure group(P<0.05).The results of multiple logistic regression analyses showed that G/A genotype in exposure group was a protective factor for increased blood pressure with an adjusted OR of 0.25(95% CI:0.08-0.78)and GAT/*** haplotype pairs were risk factors for hypertension of exposure groups,with an adjustment OR value of 1.29(95% CI:1.02-12.44).Conclusion HSP70-1 C/C genotypes are associated with increased blood pressure in the workdrs.HSP70-2 G/G genotypes are associated with increased blood pressure in workers exposed to heat stress.G/A genotype is a protective factor for increased blood pressure.GAT/***haplotype pairs are associated with hypertension susceptibility in workers exposed to heat stress.
Effect of folic acid on oxidative stress in male patients with hyperlipidemia
JIA Hui-ying, LUO Ting-guang, SHEN Tian-hang
2012, 28(5): 600-602. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-14
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Objective To evaluate the anti-oxidative effect of folate on the levels of oxidative stress in male patients with hyperlipidemia.Methods Eighty male volunteers with hyperlipidemia were randomized into intervention and control group and the intervention group was treated with folate(2.5 mg/d)for 3 months.Physical examination,epidemiologic and dietary survey,the measurements of serum folate and oxidative stress markers were conducted before and at the end of folate administration.Results There was no difference in meal nutrimental levels between the two groups before and after the intervention(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the most of the biochemical indicators in folate group were not siginificantly different(P>0.05);whereas the serum folate and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)increased significantly(P<0.05)and malondialdehyde(MDA)concentration decreased significantly(t=-5.995,P<0.001);serum 8-iso-prostaglandin(8-iso-PG)level and serum glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity showed no change(P>0.05).There were significant relationships between serum folate and MDA(r=-0.536,P<0.001)and T-AOC(r=0.239,P=0.033)levels.Conclusion Folate supplementation may improve the levels of oxidative stress in male patients with hyperlipidemia.
Relationship between alcohol-drinking and prevalence rate of chronic diseases among adult inhabitants in Luzhou city
ZHANG Jun-hui, YE Yun-li, YANG Chao
2012, 28(5): 603-605. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-15
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Objective To assess the relationship between alcohol-drinking and chronic diseases among adult inhabitants in Luzhou city.Methods Totally 11 425 adult inhabitants were investigated on their status of alcohol-drinking and the prevalence rate of chronic diseases using the data from Health City Program in Luzhou city,2009.Multiple logistic regression models were employed to explore the relationship between alcohol-drinking and chronic diseases.Results The total prevalence rate of chronic diseases was 24.4% (26.2% for male,22.1% for female)and the total prevalence rate of alcoholdrinking was 13.2% (28.2% for male,1.3% for female).Among 1 505 drinkers,the proportion of drinkers with alcohol consumption of less than 40 g,40-100 g,>100 g for each drinking was 50.9%,40.5%,and 6.1%,respectively.Chi-squre trend tests indicated that the frequency of drinking(χtrend2=8.305,P=0.004),drinking duration(χtrend2=101.345,P<0.001),and the total amount alcohol consumption(χtrend2=17.651,P<0.001)were positively correalated with the prevalence rate of chronic diseases.Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that odds ratio(OR)of chronic disease for the alcohol-drinkers was 0.654(95% confidence interval:0.559-0.766).Conclusion Most inhabitants in Luzhou city had long duration of drinking and frequent drinking history.So related knowledge about the harm of alcohol-drinking should be popularized among residents to reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases among alcohol-drinking residents.
Utilization and cost of inpatient care and their determinants among rural residents in Ji'nan city
LI You-wei, WANG Jian, WANG Yang
2012, 28(5): 606-609. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-16
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Objective To examine the utilization and cost of inpatient care and their determinants among rural residents in Ji'nan municipality,Shandong province and to provide evidence for rational utilization and cost control of inpatient care.Methods Three counties of Ji'nan municipality were selected with stratified random sampling method and 3 458 residents were surveyed.Results In 2006 and 2008,the proportion of inpatients among the rural residents was 4.89% and 3.90%.Hospitalization cost for per admission was 6 385.74 RMB yuan and 7127.08 RMB yuan,with the ratios of reimbursement from NewRural Cooperative Medical System(NCMS)of 10.99% and 12.84%.The univariate analyses showed that the utilization rate of inpatient care was significantly different among the inpatients with different gender,age,occupation,educational level,self-assessed health status,and smoking and alcohol drinking habits(P<0.05 for all)and the rate was not significantly different among the inpatients from different counties and with different income(P>0.05).The multivariate analyses showed that worse self-assessed health status was a risk factor for the utilization rate of inpatient care,while at age of 15 to 24 years was a protective factor.The key determinants of inpatient care costs included length of stay(LOS),the amount of reimbursement from NCMS,the level of the hospitalized facilities,the category of diseases that caused the hospitalization,and the residential county of the inpatients.Conclusion Among rural residents in Ji'nan city,the utilization rate of inpatient care was lowwhile the cost was high,and the reimbursement for the cost from NCMS was limited.Rationalizing the distribution of inpatients in different levels of hospitals,shortening LOS,and improving the compensatory ability of NCMS are the key points to the control of hospitalization cost and for the alleviation of financial burden for rural inpatients.
Ergonomic factors of musculoskeletal disorders in automotive manufacturing workers
WU Lin, XIAO L, ZHOU Hao
2012, 28(5): 609-611. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-17
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Objective To study workplace ergonomic risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders among workers in automotive industry.Methods With stratified cluster sampling,1 065 workers engaged in stamping,welding,painting,and assembling in three automotive manufacturing enterprises were selected and investigated on general personal infomation,specific physical risk factors in workplace,and musculoskeletal pain with a questionnaire survey.Results Neck(38.87%)and back(31.83%)wide-angle bend,high repetitive motion,wide-angle bending,and high forceful exertion with hand(39.34%)were the most prominent activity or posture in operation process,with different exposures and illness during the workings of different work types.The results of multivariate logistic analyses showed that the musculoskeletal pain was related to incorrect posture or repeated tasks.The pain in neck related to the duration of working(odds ratio=1.238),and kness pain was related to body weight(odds ratio=1.644).Conclusion The work-related musculoskeletal disorders in automobile manufacturing workers are related to incorrect posture or repeated tasks during working.Measures should be taken to improve and control ergonomic risk factors at workplace for the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders.
Quality of life and its influential factors among rural family heads in Dabie Mountain area
HUANG Wei, GE Xiao-jiao, HOU Sai
2012, 28(5): 612-614. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-18
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Objective To describe the quality of life(QOL)among the rural family heads in Dabie Mountain area and to determine its influential factors for making scientific policies and reasonable distribution of health resource.Methods Totally 3 920 family heads were randomly chosen with cluster sampling method from a town in Dabie Mountain area and were interviewed with a self-designed questionnaire.Results The total number of eligible questionnaire was 3 556(with a response rate of 90.7%,3 361 from the male and 195 from the female).The mean age of the family heads was 46.77±10.92 years.The mean score of QOL was 18.34±2.17 for the subjects.The univariate analyses showed that age,occupation,education level,marital status,economic condition,health status,and medical security had significant relation with OQL.The results of multiple linear regression found that subjective health satisfaction,health status,smoking,washing hands with soap or not,hospitalization in the latest year,seeing a doctor timely,sleep quality,disease history in latest two weeks,occupation,and age affected QOL among the rural family heads with statistical significances.Conclusion The QOL among the rural family heads in Dabie Mountain area is normal.Age,occupation,education level,health status are the significant predictors of quality of life.
Prevalence of alcohol use disorders and its inflnence factors among residents in Dalian city
CHEN Qiao-ling, WANG Jing, LIU Qi-gui
2012, 28(5): 614-615. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-19
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Objective To investigate the prevalence of alcohol use disorders among residents aged more than 18 years in Dalian city.Methods Totally 5 059 urban and rural residents over 18 years old were selected with multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling.The Composite International Diagnostic Interview3.0(CIDI 3.0)was used as the interviewtool.Results The total prevalence of alcohol use disorders was 3.50% and there was a statistical difference in the prevalence between male and female(7.30% vs 0.30%,P<0.01).There was no statistical difference in the prevalence between urban and rural residents.The prevalence increased with age.The people with different education level had different prevalence and the prevelence was inversely correlated with education level.Conclusion Alcohol use disorder has become a public health problem among the residents in Dalian city.Male and people with loweducation have a higher risk of alcohol use disorder.
Nicotine-induced periodontal ligament fibroblasts(PDLFs) apoptosis through MAPKs signal pathway
WANG Jun, WU Bin, CAO Yan
2012, 28(5): 616-619. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-20
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Objective To study the effect and mechanism of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signal transduction pathway in nicotine-induced human periodontal ligament fibroblasts(PDLFs)apoptosis.Methods The PDLFs were treated with different doses of nicotine(1,10,and 100μg/mL).Twenty-four hours after the treatments,the expressions of JAK1,JAK2,MAPK,MAPKK,JNK,p38,and ERK were detected with reverse transcriptase polymersase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and the expression of caspase-3 was determined with western blot.Results After the treatments of 1,10 and 100μg/mL nicotine,the transcriptive expressions of the genes were 65.17±8.45,106.17±22.22,and 115.50±8.12 for JAK1,103.00±13.13,118.17±13.17,and 159.00±13.74 for JAK2,126.69±18.20,143.02±13.97,and 172.64±26.43 for MAPKK,79.17±4.49,115.67±7.66,and 122.33±8.41 for MAPKK,110.64±11.14,128.54±11.72,and 132.90±11.99 for p38,106.16±26.89,123.17±13.09,and 132.68±11.97 for JNK,131.52±19.85,144.76±13.87,and 153.59±13.85 for caspase-3,and 128.33±13.50,144.00±12.53,and 153.00±12.77 for caspase-3 translation,respectively.Compared with those of the control group,all the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05 or P<0.01 for all).The expressions of the genes showed a gradual increasing trend with the increment of nicotine dose,except the transcription of ERK.Conclusion Nicotine-induced PDLFs apoptosis may not be through the ERK-MAPK pathway but through p38-MAPK and JNK-MAPK pathway and nicotine could lead to the increase of caspase-3.
Effects of secreting type antibacterial peptides from Musca domestica larvae on immune function in mice
GUO Guo, WU Jian-wei, FU Ping
2012, 28(5): 619-620. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-21
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Objective To study the influence of secreting type antibacterial peptides from Musca domestica larvae on the immune system of normal mice.Methods Thirty-two BALB/c mice were selected and divided randomly into four groups.Different doses of secreting type antibacterial peptides(5,10,20 mg/kg)were administered to the mice with intraperitoneal injection for 7 days.A series of classical tests were adopted to evaluate the effects.Results In the 10 mg/kg and 20mg/kg dose groups,the ratio of spleen/body weight were 7.41±0.93 and 7.56±1.05;the phagocytotic ability of macrophages were 38.81±7.88 and 40.16±9.74;the lymphocyte transformation induced by conA of the mice were 0.31±0.11 and 0.32±0.09.All the indexes were higher than those of the control with statistically significant differences(P<0.05 for all).But the body weight and the 50 percent hemolyzingdose of complement of the 5-20mg/kg dose groups were not different from that of the control group.Conclusion The secreting type antibacterial peptides from Musca domestica larvae could promote the immune function in normal mice.
Treatment effect of carrier suppository with ester-catechins on bacterial vaginitis in rabbits
ZHANG Chuan-xiang, LI Hong-yu, LI Shu-hua
2012, 28(5): 621-622. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-22
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Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of vaginal carrier suppository with ester-catechins on bacterial vaginitis.Methods NewZealand big white rabbits(36)were randomly assigned to 6 groups:normal control group,model control group,Fukang carrier suppository group,and three groups of vaginal carrier suppository with ester-catechins.The bacterial vaginitis model was established by injecting the mixture bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli into the vagina of the rabbits and the effect of vaginal carrier suppository with ester-catechins on the bacterial vaginitis was observed.Results After local application of vaginal carrier suppository with ester-catechins for 7 consecutive days,the moderate and high dose treatments showed the same effectiveness as Fukang carrier suppository with a curative rate of 83.3%.Compared to the model control group,both the moderate and high dose of the vaginal carrier suppository with ester-catechins markedly inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.Conclusion The vaginal carrier suppository with ester-catechins showed remarkable therapeutic effect for bacterial vaginitis in rabbits.
Relationship between gene polymorphisms of TNF-α and IL-1 β 2 gene locus and Legionella infection
ZHI Xia-ping, WANG Su-ping
2012, 28(5): 623-625. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-23
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Objective To explore the the relationship between gene polymorphisms of TNF-α-308 G/A and IL-1 β-511 C/T and Legionella infection.Methods Thirty-two individuals infected with Legionella were selected as case group and 100 other pulmonary disease patients with negative Legionella test were selected as and control group by randomized sampling,and 70 healthy individuals having health examination in the same period were chosen as another control group.The tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)-G308A and interlenki-1 β(IL-1 β)-C511T gene polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).Results In case group,the frequency of GG,GA,and AA of TNF-α-308 was 75%,25%,and 0% in the disease control group,the frequency of GG,GA,and AA and 87%,13%,and 0% ;in the healthy control group,the frequency of GG,GA,and AA was 68.6%,31.4%,and 0%.There was no statistical difference for the TNF-α-G308A genotype and allele frequencies between case group and control groups(χ2=0.437,0.362,P=0.509,0.548;χ2=2.609,2.384,P=0.106,0.123).In case group,the frequency of CC,CT,and TT of IL-1 β-511 was 0%,53.1%,and 46.9% ;in the disease control group,the frequency of CC,CT,and TT was 3.4%,48.3%,and 48.3% ;in the healthy control group,the frequency of CC,CT,and TT was 10%,51.4%,and 38.6%.There was no statistical difference for the IL-1 β-C511T genotype and allele frequencies between three groups(χ2=4.466,2.420,P=0.334,0.298).Conclusion The gene polymorphisms of TNF-α-G308A and IL-1 β-C511T was not associated with Legionella infection.TNF-αgene and IL-1 βgene may be not the predisposing genes of Legionella infection.
Sub-chronic gonadal toxicity and its mechanism of β-cypermethrin in female immature mice
HE Qing-feng, FAN Xiu-hua, ZHANG Ai-lin
2012, 28(5): 627-628. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-25
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Objective To investigate the adverse effect and its mechanism of β-cypermethrin( β-CP)on gonads in female immature mice.Methods Fourty specific pathogen-free immature mice were randomly divided into a negative group(treated with earhnut oil)and three β-CP exposure groups(0.1,1.0,10 mg/kg body weight).A daily subcutaneous exposure was conducted for 28 days.The time of vaginal open,estrous cycle,estrogen in serum,gonads(ovary and uterus)wet weight and coefficient,and the expression of estrogen receptor(ER)in endometrial were measured.Results Compared with the control group,the time of estrus shortened and the time of diestrus extended.The wet weight of uterus(0.109±0.011g) increased in the high dose group(P<0.05),but the coefficient and the blotted weight of uterus,the level of estrogen in serum and the sum of gonadal in endometrial were not significantly different among the groups(P>0.05 for all).In 1.0 and 10 mg/kg dose groups,the ratios of ER expression in endometrial was 56.00±3.32% and 29.00±5.58% and were lower than those of in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion β-CP has gonadal subchronic toxicity and endocrine disrupting effect and can induce the expression of ER in uterus in female mice.
L-carnitine prevents gentamicin-induced impairment of hair cell in newborn guinea pigs
HAO Shuai, TIAN Ying, JIANG Fei-fei
2012, 28(5): 629-631. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-26
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Objective To evaluate the role of L-carnitine(LCAR)supplementation in hearing threshold and cochlear damage in newborn guinea pigs exposed to gentamicin in utero.Methods Pregnant albino guinea pigs were intraperitoneally injected with 100 mg/kg body weight gentamicin once a day for 7 consecutive days,or gentamicin and LCAR at gestational day 51 to 57.At postnatal day 14,the pups were examined in the distortion product otoacoustic emission(DPOAE)task.The temporal bones were immunohistochemically stained for caspase-3,using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labelling(TUNEL)method.Results Gentamicin used during pregnancy decreased the DPOAE threshold shifts at different frequencies of 1,2,4,5,and 8 kHz(8.38±2.28,12.56±3.22,10.46±1.98,12.22±1.72,and 17.73±2.16 dB,respectively).In contrast,LCAR supplementation,coincidentally with gentamicin exposure,ameliorated these changes(14.26±1.47,20.98±2.39,19.23±2.15,22.56±1.41,and 29.13±3.14 dB,respectively).In addition,gentamicin used during pregnancy increased the percentage of apoptotic cells in hair cells(34.6%),but LCAR supplementation decreased the percentage of apoptotic cells(15.7%,P<0.05).Conclusion Our data offer a conceptual framework for designing clinical trials using a safe nutrient,LCAR,as a simple preventive strategy for gentamicin-induced ototoxicity.
Determination of damage in bone metabolism caused by co-exposure to fluoride and arsenic using benchmark dose method in Chinese population
ZENG Qi-bing, LIU Yun, HONG Feng
2012, 28(5): 631-632. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-27
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Objective To explore the biological exposure limitation for bone metabolism injury with benchmark dose method for the determination of potential risk associated with chronic co-exposure to fluoride and arsenic in Chinese population.Methods The benchmark dose(BMD)and the lower confidence limitation for the benchmark dose(BMDL)of urinary fluorine and arsenic in the exposure population were calculated using BMDS Version 2.1.2.Results The BMD and BMDL of urinary fluorine were 1.96 mg/g creatinine and 1.32 mg/g creatinine.BMD and BMDL of urinary arsenic were 120.11μg/g and 94.83μg/g creatinine.Conclusion The estimated biological exposure limitation of urinary fluoride and arsenic were 1.32 mg/g creatinine and 94.83μg/g creatinine in chronic co-exposure to fluoride and arsenic,respectively.
Regulation effects of RAS antagonists on expression of proliferation and apoptosis factor in vascular smooth muscle cells
ZHU Qing, SAREN Gao-wa, YUE Xin
2012, 28(5): 633-636. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-28
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Objective To investigate the regulation effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril and AT1 receptor antagonist losartan on expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)induced by angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ)in vascular smooth muscle cells.Methods Thoracic aortic vascular smooth muscle cells of male Wistar rats were cultured in vitro.The cultured cells were divided in to control group,AngⅡgroup,captopril group,losartan group,and captopril combined losartan group.Cells in all groups were collected at the culture end point.TNF-αand TGF-β1 mRNA expressions in the collected specimens were detected by reverse transcription-PCR(RTPCR)method,and the effects of AngⅡon TNF-αand TGF-β1 mRNA expression and the regulation of captopril and losartan were observed in different AngⅡconcentrations and different stimulating time in vascular smooth muscle cells.Results TNF-αmRNA expression increased with the increment of AngⅡconcentration and the action time(P<0.05 or P<0.01,except 10-8 mol/L).Captopril(5×10-6 mol/L)and losartan(5×10-6 mol/L)inhibited the action of AngⅡ(P<0.05).The most significant inhibition action occured when capopril combined with losartan(P<0.01).Inhibition effect of losartan on and TNF-αexpression occured later.TNF-αexpression was significantly decreased after 72 hours(P<0.05).TGF-β1 mRNA expression increased with the increment of concentration and the action time of AngⅡ(P<0.01);captopril and losartan decreased the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA(P<0.05 or P<0.01),especially when the two treatments were combined together.Conclusion AngⅡincreases the expressions of TNF-αand TGF-β1 mRNA expression in vascular smooth muscle cells,and the expressions increase with the AngⅡdose and action time.Captopril and losartan inhibit the TNF-α,TGF-β1 mRNA expressions of vascular smooth muscle cells induced by AngⅡ,and the inhibition is the strongest when losartan is combined with captopril.
Effects of caltrop saponin on spermatogenic function of testis in aging mice
ZHU Xin-wei, TIAN Hong-yan, LI Zhi-xin
2012, 28(5): 636-637. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-29
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Objective To investigate the effects of caltrop saponin on spermatogenic function of testis in D-galactoseinduced aging mice and to provide experimental basis for anti-aging research.Methods Forty healthy Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups(control group,model group,caltrop saponin group,and vitamin E[VE]group,ten for each group.D-galactose of 5% was employed by cervical subcutaneous injection to build subacute aging model.Treated groups were intragastric ally administered with caltrop saponin and VE.The control and model group were given equal volume of pure water.After six weeks,the catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities of whole blood were detected.Sperm density,sperm motility,and percentage of live sperm were detected as well.Results In the caltrop saponin group,the activities of CAT(24.28±1.53 U/mgHb)and GSH-Px(205.65±10.94 U)were obviously higher than those in the model group(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,density(6.34±0.24×105/mL)and motility of sperm(73.28±1.60%),percentage of live sperm(76.61±2.19%)were increased obviously in the caltrop saponin group,with significant differences between the two groups(P<0.01 for all).Conclusion Caltrop saponin can improve spermatogenic function in aging mice by anti-oxidation.
Impact of whole grain compound on insulin resistance and level of lipocalin-2 in rats fed with high fat/cholesterol diets
HAN Shu-fen, ZHANG Hong, CHI Jing
2012, 28(5): 638-640. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-30
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Objective To explore the effect of whole grain compound on insulin resistance and level of lipocalin-2(LCN-2)in liver and epididymal adipose tissues of rats fed with high fat/cholesterol diets.Methods Forty Sprague-Dawlay rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,white rice/processed wheat starch group,and whole grain compound group.All groups were given different experimental diets for 8 weeks.The serum fasting blood glucose(FBG) and fasting insulin(FINS)were measured and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)was calculated.Protein expression of LCN-2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ(PPAR-γ)in liver and epididymal adipose tissues were analyzed by western blotting.Results The insulin resistance model of SD rats was successfully established.Compared with the control group,serum FBG and FINS levels were significantly increased in white rice/processed wheat starch group and model group(P<0.05).HOMA-IR values of white rice/processed wheat starch group and model group were 10.39±1.63 and 10.34±1.36.The rats fed with whole grain compound diet showed a decreased HOMA-IR level(6.81±1.37)compared with white rice/processed wheat starch group and model group.Protein expression of LCN-2 in whole grain compound group was significantly lower than those of other two groups,too.However,the level of PPAR-γin whole grain compound group was higher than that of other two groups.Conclusion Whole grain compound could improve glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity through activating protein expression of PPAR-γand reducing relative level of LCN-2 in the liver of rats.
Protective effect of selenium on membrane phospholipids in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rabbits
FAN Ying, HUANG Bo, SONG Guang-yi
2012, 28(5): 640-641. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-31
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Objective To study the protective effect of selenium on membrane phospholipids in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury(IRI)in rabbits.Methods Twenty-four rabbits were randomly divided into non-operation group,ischemia reperfusion group,and selenium group.The cardiac tissue was collected at 60 min reperfusion for determination of phospholipid(PL),cholesterol(Ch),phosphatidyl ethanolamine(PE),and cardiolipin(CL)content.Results Compared to nonoperation group,the contents of PL,PE,and CL in IRI group were significantly lower than in ischemia reperfusion group(P<0.05).The cotent of Ch in IRI group was significantly higher than in non-operation group(P<0.05).The contents of PL,PE,and CL in selenium group were significantly higher than those of IRI group(P<0.05).The cotent of Ch in selenium group was significantly lower than IRI group(P<0.05).Conclusion Selenium can protect membrane phospholipids in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rabbits.
Effects of homocysteine on expressions of eNOS and caveolin-1 in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells
ZHANG Hai-yang, ZHANG Hui-min
2012, 28(5): 642-644. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-32
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Objective To study the effects of homocysteine(Hcy)at different concentrations on expressions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)and caveolin-1 mRNA and protein in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)in base and calcium ionophore activated state.Methods HUVECs were divided into four groups:control group,Hcy groups(at different concentrations of 20,50,100,and 300μmol/L),A23187 group(1μmol/L),and Hcy(at different concertrations of 20,50,100,and 300μmol/L)+A23187 group.After cultured for 24 hours,the expressions of eNOS and caveolin-1 mRNA and protein,nitric oxide(NO),malondialdehyde(MDA)content,eNOS,and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity were detected.Results The expressions of caveolin-1 were 1.13 in control group and 0.21-2.05 in Hcy groups with a dose-dependent trend(P<0.05).The expression of eNOS mRNA was between 1.80-2.08,without differences among the groups(P>0.05).The eNOS and NO were 1.20 U/mL and 122.41μmol/L in the control group and 0.65-0.74 U/mL and 65.33-98.91μmol/L in Hcy groups,with dose-dependent trends(P<0.05).Conclusion There is no relationship between decreased activity of eNOS induced by Hcy and eNOS expression.Hcy may increase the association of caveolin-1 and eNOS by enhancing the expression of caveolin-1 in HUVEC both in base and activated state,which could decrease the activity of eNOS.
Anti-phagocytosis effect of bacterial biofilm in invasive catherter
WANG Huan, LIU Xin, ZHANG Pei
2012, 28(5): 644-646. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-33
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Objective To investigate the anti-phagocytosis effects of bacterial biofilm in invasive catheter.Methods From July 2010 through December 2011,32 samples of critical ventilator catheter specimens were collected from neonatal intensive care unit(NICU).The bacteria in inner membrane of the catheter were isolated and selected to simulate the biofilm in the catheter of the NICU under clinic usage.We observed the bio-membrane morphology and interactions between phagocytic cells and bacterial biofilm,and analyzed the relationship of catheter bio-membrane formation and catheter related infection.Results Totally 14 strains of Acinetobacter baumanii,a strains of Pseudomonas aerugionosa,6 strains of Staphylococcus,and 3 strains of fungus were isolated from the 32 samples.Eight strains of Acinetobacter baumanii could form bacterial biofilm.The bio-membrane was easily formed in invasive ductal by the adherence of bacteria,and scanning electron microscopy could be used for the observation of bacterial bio-membrane formation.The bio-membrane had anti-phagocytosis function.Conclusion The anti-phagocytosis effect of bacterial biofilm is an important factor for refractory infection.
Clonging and sequencing of sugar fermentation stimulation protein gene from Vibrio cholerae 04-5a
WU Qing-gang, ZHANG Jing-ping, MA Guang-yuan
2012, 28(5): 647-649. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-34
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Objective To investigate the differences in the sequences of sugar fermentation stimulation protein genes between Vibro cholerae 04-5a and epidemic and nonepidemic V.cholerae strains.Methods Cloning and sequencing methods were used to analyze the sequence of sugar fermentation stimulation protein genes from V.cholerae 04-5a and to compare the sequences with related gene sequences.Results The sequence of sugar fermentation stimulation protein genes from V.cholerae 04-5a is a 771bp gene,encoding 258 amino acid polypeptide,and is identical to the ones from the epidemic strain.According to the sequence of sugar fermentation stimulation protein gene,the V.cholerae 04-5a has mutations at 334th,622th and 666th point compared with the nonepidemic strain,and is identical to the epidemic strain.The difference of the 666th point mutation led to the changs of the deduced amino acid level.Conclusion The sequence of sugar fermentation stimulation protein gene from V.cholerae 04-5a is identical to that of from the epidemic strains and the related pathogenic mechanism and epidemiology need to be further studied.
Cervical cancer screening and acceptance of HPV vaccine in women of Shanxi province
WANG Xue-min, FENG Xiang-xian, ZHAI Yan-li
2012, 28(5): 650-651. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-35
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Objective To explore the status of cervical cancer screening and the acceptance of human papilloma virus(HPV)vaccine in urban and rural women.Methods Cluster sampling was used to select women above 25 years old living in urban and rural areas in Shanxi province for a questionnaire survey.Results A total of 2 269 women(341 in the urban and 1 928 in the rural)were selected.There were 43.4% of urban respondents and 76.5% of rural respondents knowing cervical cancer,72.4% of the urban and 78.9% of the rural knowing the purpose of cervical cancer screening,23.8% of the urban and 6.1% of the rural knowing the transmission route of HPV,and 78.3% of the urban and 92.2% of the rural willing to pay the cost within 100 RMB yuan per person for the screening.Only 50.7% of urban respondents and 34.6% rural respondents were willing to inoculate HPV vaccine because of high price of the vaccine.Conclusion Decreasing the price of cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccine and promoting health education on cervical cancer are significant for the prevention and treatment of cervieal cancer.
Telomere length in peripheral leukocyte DNA and risk of lung cancer
TAN Shan-juan, WANG Na, WANG Wei
2012, 28(5): 652-654. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-36
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Objective To explore the association between telomere length and the risk of lung cancer.Methods Relative telomere length in genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes was measured with quantitative polymerase chain reaction among 145 lung cancer patients,145 healthy controls,and 145 coke-oven workers(exposed group).Results Telomere length in lung cancer patients was significantly shorter than in controls(1.24±0.88 versus 1.47±1.06,P=0.028).The exposed group exhibited a significantly shorter telomere length(0.94±0.72)than lung cancer patients(P=0.005)and healthy controls(P<0.001).When the subjects were categorized into quartiles based on the telomere length of healthy controls,the risk of lung cancer was found to increase as telomere length shortened(Ptrend <0.001).Compared to the individuals with long telomere length,individuals with short telomere length had a significantly increased risk of lung cancer(adjusted odds ratio=2.337,95% confidence interval:1.413-3.866).Furthermore,telomere length in the controls was significantly shorter in association with aging(P<0.001).Conclusion The results suggest that shorter telomere length may be associated with a higher risk of lung cancer and could be used as an early marker for susceptibility to lung cancer.
Effects of family environment and coping style on suicide idea in college students
CHU Cheng-jing, PAN Yan-yun, YANG Min
2012, 28(5): 654-656. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-37
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Objective To explore effects of family environment and coping style on suicide idea in college students.Methods With randomized sampling,585 students were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire on suicide idea and self-injury behavior(SIB),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version(FES-CV),and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ).The data were analyzed with t-test,χ2-test,correlation and regression analyses.Results Of the students,20.9% had suicide idea and 11.6% had suicidal behaviors.The rates of suicide behavior and SIB in females and the students with suicide idea were significantly higher than those of the controls(P<0.001).The results exhibited that female(odds ratio[OR]=2.391),negative coping style(OR=2.796),depression(OR=1.071),SIB(OR=4.003),and with at least one suicidal action(OR=5.492)were risk factors of suicide idea,while cohesion in family(OR=0.879)may be a protective factor.Conclusion Suicide idea in college students is significantly influenced by gender,depression,family environment,negative coping style,and the experiences of suicidal behavior and self-injury behavior.
Expressions and correlations of MMP-1, MMP-7 with pathologic pattern in Hazak esophageal cancer patients
CHEN Yan, WANG Hong-jiang, LI Hui
2012, 28(5): 657-658. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-38
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Objective To explore the expressions of metrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1)and metrix metalloproteinase-7(MMP-7)in esophageal cancer tissue and normal tissue,and to analyze their relationship with clinicopathological features among Hazak esophageal cancer patients.Methods The expression of MMP-1 and MMP-7 in cancer tissue and normal tissue of 45 esophageal cancer patients were detected with reverse transcription-PCR(RT-PCR).Results The positive rates of MMP-1 and MMP-7 mRNA in cancer tissues were 75.56% and 73.33%,and the positive rates of MMP-1 and MMP-7 mRNA in distal normal tissues were 15.56% and 31.11%,respectively.There were significant differences in MMP-1 and MMP-5 levels between cancer tissue and corresponding distal normal tissue(P<0.05).The expression of MMP-1 was related to tumor,node,metastasis(TNM)classification,while the expression of MMP-7 was correlated with lymph nodes metastasis and TNM stage(P<0.05).Positive correlation was observed between the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-7(P<0.05).Conclusion The expressions of MMP-1 and MMP-7 play an important role in carcinogenesis of esophageal cancer among Hazak people.The combined actions of MMP-1 and MMP-7 may promote development of esophageal cancer.
Genotype of prevalent varicella-zoster virus in Ningbo city
MA Rui, XU Guo-zhang, LI Xiang
2012, 28(5): 659-660. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-39
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Objective To examine the epidemiological characteristics of varicella and to detect the genotype of varicellazoster virus for developing strategies of varicella prevention and control in Ningbo.Methods Graphs and appropriate statistics were used to describe the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox cases extracted from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Meanwhile herpes specimen were collected from clinically diagnosed cases and genotypes of varicella-zoster virus were determined with polymerase chain reaction(PCR)technique.Results The reported incidence of varicella in Ningbo was 23.33/100 000 in 2009 and 26.24/100 000 in 2010,respectively.Most of the patients were children aged 7-12 years and the epidemic peaks were in May,June,November and December.The genotypes of 15 DNA specimens were 13 J-type and 2 M1-type.Conclusion Varicella cases in Ningbo occurred mainly in winter and spring seasons and most of the cases were children aged 7 to 12 years.The predominant strain circulated in Ningbo is J-type,with M1type strain isolated sporadically.
Knowledge, behavior and need for intervention on infectious diseases among town and country primary school students
CHEN Ren-you, ZHANG Fu-rong, YIN Ai-tian
2012, 28(5): 661-663. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-40
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Objective To investigate the knowledge,behavior and the need for intervention on infectious diseases and to provide evidence for specific intervention.Methods Questionnaire survey and behavior observation were conducted among 800 pupils from a county and an urban district in Shandong province with multistage cluster sampling.Results The knowledge rates about tuberculosis,influenza,and mumps among the urban pupils were 55.5%,52.5%,and 38.8% and the rates among the rural pupils were 59.4%,39.9%,and 39.4%,respectively.The rates of washing hand before eating and after toiletuse,healthy manner in coughing and spitting among the rural pupils were 81.5% and 77.8%,and 68.5% and the rates among the urban pupils were 72.5% and 57.2%,and 54.0%,respectively.There were 72.8% of the urban pupils and 65.2% of the rural pupils expecting to knowthe knowledge through consulting the doctor and 48.0% of the rural pupils and 47.2% of the ruban pupils expecting to knowthe knowledge thorugh lectrues of the teachers.Conclusion The knowledge rates about infectionus disease among urban and rural pupils were relatively low.The rates of knowledge and related preventive behoviour among rural pupils were higher than those among urban pupils.
Relationship between career decision-making self-efficacy and attributional style among university students from countryside
TAN Xue-qing
2012, 28(5): 664-666. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-41
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Objective To explore the relationship between career decision-making self-efficacy and attributional style among university students from countryside.Methods Scale of Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy for University Students,Internality,Powerful Others,and Chance Scale were used for examining 248 university students from countryside and 170 from the urban.Results There were no differences in career decision-making self-efficacy between the university students from countryside and those from the urban(t=0.223-0.772,P>0.05).The scores of the students of liberal arts were higher than those of science in self-evaluation,information gathering,and problem solving(t=2.182,t=2.314,t=2.513;P<0.05 for all).The scores for self-evaluation and information gathering in sophomores were significantly higher than those of freshmen and seniors(P<0.05).Correlative analyses showed that career decision-making self-efficacy was positively correlated with internal control significantly(P<0.01),while inversely correlated with external control significantly(P<0.01).Internal control and external control were significant predictors of career decision-making self-efficacy(P<0.001).Conclusion Attributional style plays an important role in career decision-making self-efficacy.
Association of mental health with self congruency and social support in coal workers' pneumoconiosis patients
HUANG Jin, YI Jun, CHEN Feng-qiong
2012, 28(5): 668-669. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-43
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Objective To examine the status of mental health and its relation to self congruency and social support among coal workers'pneumoconiosis(CWP)patients.Methods CWP patients from one enterprise in Chongqing city were investigated with Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90),Self Consistency and Congruency Scale(SCCS),and Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS).Results The 212 CWP patients recruited were male and at age of 35 to 58 years with an average age of 46.7 years.For the patients the total score of SCL-90 was 150.92±0.37 and was lower than that of the national norm with a significant difference(P<0.05).Mental health was significantly correlated with multiple factors of self congruency and social support(P<0.05 or P<0.01)among the patients.Multiple stepwise regression analyses showed that independent variables included in the equation were self and experience disharmony,objective support,general self congruency,and total score of social support,with the standardized partial regression coefficient of 0.442,-0.215,0.194,and-0.086,respectively.Conclusion The mental health of CWP patients is generally poorer than that of the national average.The mental health and self congruency and social support are closely correlated among the CWP patients.
Smoking behavior and its relative factors among adolescents in Yanqing county, Beijing
WANG Shao-hua, ZHANG Zhen-quan
2012, 28(5): 670-672. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-44
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Objective To examine smoking behavior and to explore the psychosocial factors associated with smoking among adolescents in Yanqing county,Beijing city.Methods Totally 1 466 students from 5 middle schools or vocational schools in Yanqing county were randomly selected for a anonymous questionnaire survey.Results The reported rate of attempting to smoke was 32.9% and the current smoking rate was 12.3%,with a reported ever-smoking rate of 6.5%.The smoking rate of the males was higher than that of the females and the smoking rate of vocational students was higher than those of middle and high school students.For the students with an attempt to smoke,50.1% had the first smoking before the age of 12 years and 59.4% tried to smoke because of curiousness.Among the middle school students with smoking behavior,62.1% had smoked with their classmates or friends.There were 56.3% of the students reporting cigarette purchase around the schools.Multivariate logistic regrssion analyses showed that the risk factors of smoking were studying in vocational school,male gender,smoking behaviror of the peers,the eagerness to imitate smoking activity of the performers in film or TV program,with mental health problem,and with poor study archievement;the protective factors for attempt to smoke were with correct attitude to smoking and the restriction on smoking at home.Conclusion The smoking behavior among adolescents in Yangqing county is prevalent and specific intervention should be conducted as soon as possible.
Cigarette smoking behavior and influencing factors among methadone maintenance treatment outpatients
ZHU Jun-hong, ZHONG Bao-liang, LIU Yan
2012, 28(5): 673-676. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-45
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Objective To describe the characteristics and related factors of cigarette smoking behavior among methadone maintenance treatment(MMT)outpatients.Methods A total of 564 MMT outpatients were screened for smoking behavior and subdivided into smoking group and non-smoking group,with 102 frequency matched(gender,age±3 years and education level)smokers selected from communities.All participants completed the social-demographic questionnaire,Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence(FTND),and Russell's Reasons for Smoking Questionnaire.Logistic regression was used to identify associated factors.Results The detection rate(95% confidence interval)of cigarette smoking behavior was 92.9% (90.8%-95.0%).The FTND scores for smoking group and community smoker group were 5.99±2.41 and 4.40±2.50,respectively.The smoking group had a higher FTND score than community smokers group(P<0.001).Smoking was associated with self-employed people/temporary worker(odds ratio[OR]=20.8),jobless/unemployment(OR=16.2),remarriage(OR=2.31),and long MMT period(OR=1.18).Conclusion MMT outpatients are prone to be tobacco dependent and their smoking behavior is of addiction and dependence characteristics and relates to sociodemographic factors and MMT.
Relationships between perceived organizational support, psychological capital and depressive symptoms in Chinese doctors
WANG Yang, SUI Guo-yuan, WANG Lie
2012, 28(5): 679-681. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-47
Abstract(1271) HTML (158) PDF 376KB(69)
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Objective To explore the relationship between perceived organizational support and depressive symptoms and the mediating role of psychological capital in the relationship.Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate doctors from six large general hospitals in Liaoning province.SPSS 17.0 and Amos 7.0 statistical software were applied to perform statistical analyses and to test study hypotheses.Results Perceived organizational support was inversely associated with depressive symptoms( β=-0.35,P<0.05)and explained 12.0% of variance of depressive symptoms.After adding psychological capital in the equation,the absolute value of regression coefficient decreased( β=-0.21,P<0.05)and psychological capital was negatively associated with depressive symptoms,which indicated that psychological capital played a mediating role.The final fitting indicators of structured equation model were:root mean square error of approximation(RMSEA)=0.05,comparative fit index(CFI)=0.91,Tucker-Lewis index(TLI)=0.90,incremental fit index(IFI)=0.91,χ2/df=3.64.The direct and indirect effect indices of perceived organizational support on depressive symptoms were-0.15 and-0.11,respectively.Conclusion Psychological capital plays a mediating role in the relationship between perceived organizational support and depressive symptoms.Perceived organizational support affects depressive symptoms in both direct and indirect ways.
Cognition of premarital medical examination among college students in Guangxi
WEI Jin-mei, XU Jin-hui, LIU Jing
2012, 28(5): 681-682. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-48
Abstract(1161) HTML (181) PDF 290KB(38)
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Objective To study the cognition,attitude,and demand on premarital medical examination of among college studetns in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region for making effective publicity strategy and improvement of premarital medical examination.Methods A self-administered anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted in 7 universities in Guangxi.Totally 2 154 college students were selected by using stratified cluster random sampling.Results Totally 2 072 eligible questionnaires were collected.The proportion of the students with good,general,litlle,and no knowledge of premarital medical examination was 7.4%,35.9%,53.9%,and 2.8%,respectively.The female,senior student,major in medicine,without a girlfriend/boyfriend had higher cognition of premarital medical examination(P<0.05 for all).There were 65.1% of the students reporting the will to take premarital medical examination in the future and 46.8% reporting the will to take the examination free of charge.There were 71.7% of the students considering the fee for the examination being less than 200 RMB yuan.Conclusion The general cognition of premartial medical examination among college students is at a lowlevel,especially among the male,the students of lower grade or with the major in literature and history.
Family environment and alexithymia among heroin addicts
WANG Hong-juan, WU Zhong-hai
2012, 28(5): 683-684. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-49
Abstract(1038) HTML (200) PDF 281KB(39)
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Objective To explore the family environment,alexithymia and the relationship between them among heroin addicts.Methods Totally 180 heroin addicts in Tianjin were assessed with a self-desighed general questionnaire,Toronto Alexithymia Scale(TAS),and Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version(FES-CV).The results were compared with those of China norm.Results There were significant differences(t=13.747,8.093,11.143,9.935,5.178,and 4.648;P<0.001 for all)among all the subscales of FES-CV and TAS between the heroin addicts and the China norm,except the subscales of moral religion in FES-CV and fantasy in TAS.Correlation analysis showed that the subscales of FES-CV of heroin addicts significantly associated with certain subscales of TAS(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion There are many deficits in the family environment and severe alexithymia among heroin addicts.Alexithymia and adverse family environment are closely linked.
2012, 28(5): 685-686. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-50
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2012, 28(5): 688-689. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-52
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2012, 28(5): 690-692. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-53
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2012, 28(5): 693-694. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-54
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Effect of intervention on knowledge, attitude and practice about hypertension among rural residents
ZHANG Gao-hui, MA Ji-xiang, GUO Xiao-lei
2012, 28(5): 694-695. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-55
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Objective To estimate the effect of health education on knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)about hypertension among rural residents.Methods Questionnaire survey and laboratory test were used in a baseline study and an evaluation survey three months after the intervention.The intervention included distributing free low-sodium salt and salt spoon monthly,training to make low-salt diet in the family,and distribution of leaflets about "salt and hypertension" .Results After the intervention,there were significant increases in health awareness,attitude toward low-salt diet,and hypertension-related knowledge(P<0.05).Compared with the baseline,the subjects showed significantly increased rates of lowsalt use and lowfat diet(P<0.05).Conclusion The low-salt health education can significantly improve the relevant knowledge of hypertension in rural population and promote lowsalt and lowfat dietary pattern among rural residents.
Molecular analysis of foodborne Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated in Shenyang area by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
LI Jing, WANG Zhong-qiang, SU Wen-li
2012, 28(5): 696-698. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-56
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Objective To detect the virulence genes of the Vibrio parahaemolyticus(V.parahaemolyticus)strains which were isolated from the stool specimens of patients in Shenyang city from July to August,2010,and to subtype the isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)analysis.Methods The virulence genes,thermostable direct hemolysin(tdh),thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin(trh),and thermolabile hemolysin(tl)were amplified by PCR technique.The isolates were subtyped by PFGE analysis and the PFGE banding patterns were analyzed.Results The 24 V.parahaemolyticus isolates contained tdh and tl genes.This results revealed that they were all virulent strains.Ten banding patterns were observed by PFGE analysis.Of the 24 isolates,17 strains of O3:K6 were typed into 4 genotypes,but they had only 1-3 band differences and thus they were regarded as closely related.The findings indicated that the epidemic or outbreak of V.parahaemolyticus may exist in Shenyang region.Conclusion The V.parahaemolyticus strains prevalent in the region showed serotype and genotype diversity,but the closely related O3:K6 was the pandemic serotype.The results provide technical and data support for the establishment of V.parahaemolyticus molecular typing database,the outbreak investigation and the source-tracking.
Selection of phage indexes for evaluating penetrative performance of biological protection materials
REN Yan-jÜ, SHAN Jin-yang, ZHANG Yu-ping
2012, 28(5): 699-701. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-57
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Objective To select a suitable phage indicator for evaluating the ability of biological protection materials against microbial suspension penetrative performance.Methods The morphous,the reproductive capacity,the ability to stand pressure and the plaque morphous of PhiX-174,f2,and MS2 were studied.Results PhiX-174 could not only form the biggest plaque in the shortest time,but also showed the most powerful reproductive capacity.Culturing for 5 hours,the diameter of the plaque formed by PhiX-174 was 2.57 mm.In 4 hours culturing,the number of PhiX-174 was 1.67×1010 plaque forming unit(PFU)/mL and exceeded 1012 PFU/mL in the last.The diameters of PhiX-174,f2,and MS2 were approximately about 25 nm,far smaller than human haematogenous virus and respirovirus.PhiX-174,f2,and MS2 could resist to a certain stress.When under high pressure(1.75,3.5,7,14,and 20 kPa/cm2)for 5 minutes,the titers of the phages showed no significant decrease.Conclusion PhiX-174 is the most suitable phage indicator to evaluate the anti-viral effect of biological protective clothing,especially the protective clothing for the people doing high-risk job in biological pollutant environment.
2012, 28(5): 701-702. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-58
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2012, 28(5): 703-704. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-59
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2012, 28(5): 704-706. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-60
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2012, 28(5): 707-709. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-61
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2012, 28(5): 709-711. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-62
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2012, 28(5): 712-712. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-63
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Depressive symptoms and its influencing factors among rural left-behind residents of Shenyang municipality
LIU Rong, LI Jing-hai, GAO Qian
2012, 28(5): 713-715. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-64
Abstract(1001) HTML (126) PDF 326KB(45)
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Objective To evaluate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and to explore its influencing factors among rural left-behind residents in Shenyang municipality.Methods With multistage stratified sampling method,the depressive symptoms of 514 rural left-behind residents in Shenyang municipality were assessed with the Chinese Version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale(CES-D).Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 21.8% for the residents,including 31(6.0%)with minor depression,81(15.8%)with moderate and severe depression.Multivariate logistic analyses showed that having chronic disease and debt burden were risk factors for the prevalence of depressive symptoms,whereas higher education and better sleeping were protective factors.Conclusion The prevalence of depressive symptoms is high among rural left-behind residents.The major influencing factors of depressive symptoms are having chronic disease,debt burden,education,and sleeping in the residents.
2012, 28(5): 715-717. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-65
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2012, 28(5): 717-718. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-66
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2012, 28(5): 719-720. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-67
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2012, 28(5): 721-722. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-68
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2012, 28(5): 625-626. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-24
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2012, 28(5): 666-667. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-42
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2012, 28(5): 676-678. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-46
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2012, 28(5): 687-688. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-51
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2012, 28(5): 722-723. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-69
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2012, 28(5): 724-724. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2012-28-05-70
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