陕西省燃煤污染型地方性砷中毒分布调查

郑来义; 李跃; 白广禄; 白爱梅

陕西省燃煤污染型地方性砷中毒分布调查

Investigation distribution of burning coal endemic arsenism in Shannxi province

摘要

摘要:
目的调查陕西省高砷污染环境的分布范围及特点, 发现地砷病患者, 为防治研究提供线索和依据。
方法在产煤量大, 燃煤污染较重的区县内, 调查以石煤为主燃料的当地常住居民家中室内空气、石煤、辣椒、玉米及饮用水的砷含量。
结果 5县调查结果显示, 煤砷超标约50%以上, 最高值达488.1mg/kg; 室内空气砷约有31.03%超标, 最高值达63.83%μg/m³, 超标21倍; 辣椒及玉米砷含量也有不同程度的超标现象; 水砷未出现超标。
结论调查区域内环境砷污染严重, 已具备地方性砷中毒发病的条件, 且有各型地砷病患者检出, 秦巴山区已经成为我国又一个新发燃煤污染型地方性砷中毒病区。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the distribution of endemic arsenic in coal burning disease areas in Shanxi province.
Methods Local families, which mainly used stone coalas daily fuel, were selected in severe coal burning pollution areas.Arsenic content in indoor air, stone coal, pepper, corn and drinking water were measured.
Results 50% coal samples exceeded standard level, and the highest coal arsenic concentration reached 488.1 mg/kg.31.03% indoor air samples exceeded the standard level, and the hig hest level of arsenic content in indoor air reached 63.83μg/m³, which was 21times over standard level.The arsenic content in pepper and corn exceeded standard level to certain degree.But drinking water did not exceeded standard level.
Conclusion The investigation areas char acterized a severe arsenic pollution which has a potential to incluce endemic.Some patients have been detected in these areas.These areas are newly discov ered, coal burning type endemic ar senism areas.

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