Objective   To assess the know ledge of hypertension and hyperlipidemia mastered by residents.

  Methods   With multi-stage random sampling, a self-report questionnaire study was done among 37 070 residents living in urban and rural areas of four cities in Liaoning province.

  Results   50.4% of residents could recognize the value of normal blood pressure and the ratio of agreement that people elder than 40 should have their cholesterol levels checked at least once a year was 70.1%.People had no enough know ledge of harm and preventing and contr olling methods of these diseases.The rate of checking blood pressure in two years was 53.5% in adults aged 35 years and above; and the checking rate of hyperlipidemia was 19.7%.

  Conclusion   The consciousness of hyper tension and hyper lipidemia was weak and the protecting behavior was less.The residents in Liaoning lacked of the knowledge of hypertension and hyperlipidemia.