Objective   To investigate the risk factors for infants with severe pneumonia complicated with multiple organ failure aged 1-36 months and provide theoretical gist to reduce the mortallty rate of inpatients with severe pneumonia.

  Methods   Prospective study of data are collected among 567 inpatients suffer ing from severe pneumonia from July 1st, 2000 to June 30th, 2001 in randomly selected 13 hospitals in Hunan.14 factors surveyed and data which is dependent variable is curative effect(single or multiple system or ganfailure)analyzed by single logistic regression and multiple logistic regression.

  Results   The result analyzed by single loglitic regressionn displays that age, rachitis, congenital heart disease, educational degree of father or mother, diet therapy, evaluation severity score are the risk factors related with infants with severe pneumonia and multiple organ failure.At the same time the result analyzed by multiple logistic regression suggests that age, innutrition, congenital heart disease, rachit is, educational degree of mother, evaluation severity score are risk factors related with infants with severe pneumonia and multiple organ failure.

  Conclusion   Innutrition, congenital heart disease, rachit is, the civilization level of mother, evaluation severity score are risk factors related with infants with severe pneumonia complicated with multiple organ failure.