421例萤石矿矽肺死因分析
Analysis on cause of death of 421 silicotic patients of fluorite mine
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摘要:目的 探讨萤石矿矽肺职工的死亡原因, 为矽肺治疗提供依据。方法 对浙江东风萤石矿1963~2000年矽肺职工的死亡资料作死因分析。结果 37年间累计矽肺职工828人, 累计死亡421人, 死亡率50.85%。平均死亡年龄54.60岁, 因肺结核死亡年龄低于其他疾病(t=5.08, P < 0.001), 随年代推移平均死亡年龄增加(F=210.21, P < 0.001)。从死因构成看, 全死因的前3位分别为肺结核、矽肺、恶性肿瘤。随年代推移肺结核比例逐渐下降, 而矽肺与恶性肿瘤死亡比例逐渐上升, 90年代后, 肺癌的上升趋势明显。结论 应继续加强巩固结核病防治, 保护肺功能, 进一步加强对恶性肿瘤尤其是肺癌的三早预防。Abstract:Objective To investigate the cause of death of the silicotic patients of fluorite mine.Methods A death data of silicotic patients of fluorite mine from 1963 to 2000 was analysed.Results In the past 37 years, the accumulative total of silicotic patients were 828, and 421 died.The mortality was 50.85%.The average dead age was 54.60 years.It increased gradually with the time (F=210.21, P < 0.001).The average dead age of the tuberculosis(TB)was less than the other disease(t=5.08, P < 0.001).According to the proportional mortality rate, the main reasons causing people death were TB, silicosis and malignancy.The dead proportion of TB decreased gradually with the time.And the trend increased in the silicosis and malignancy.The death of lung cancer had a rising trend after 1990s.Conclusion To enhance continuously and consolidate the prevention and treatment of TB and to protect the lung function were very important.The three-early prevention of the malignancy, especially the lung cancer, should be taken seriously.
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