社区居民糖尿病知识干预效果与影响因素研究
Effectiveness of community intervention on population's diabetes mellitus knowledge and its influencing factors
-
摘要:目的 探讨社区干预措施对人群糖尿病知识知晓情况的影响, 为有效地糖尿病社区综合干预项目的设计与实施提供科学依据。方法 以群体实验流行病学方法, 选择2个城市社区作为实验社区与对照社区。自1997年始, 对干预社区实施以健康促进为主的糖尿病社区干预项目。通过比较2社区基线与4年后(2001年)糖尿病知识知晓情况及分布的改变, 以及相关因素的多因素Logistic回归分析, 对社区糖尿病知识的干预效果及其影响因素进行评价。结果 排除年龄与性别的影响, 4年后, 糖尿病知识问卷积分的平均分在干预社区升高了1.07分(3.39±1.80, 4.46±1.57), P < 0.01, 对照社区改变无显著性差异(2.97±1.84, 3.00±1.90)。干预社区4年后糖尿病知识积分4分以上(总分6分)的人数所占比例由49.3% 上升到66.2% (P < 0.05), 对照社区得分构成无显著性差异。干预社区中, 40岁以下组, 女性和低文化水平者4年后糖尿病知识提高尤为显著。以糖尿病知识积分为因变量的Logistic回归分析发现, 影响糠尿病知识水平的因素有年龄(OR=1.022)和文化程度(OR=0.617)。结论 糖尿病社区干预项目对一般人群的糖尿病知识认知水平的提高与保持有较好的作用, 老年人和低文化水平者是社区糖尿病知识干预的重点人群。Abstract:Objective To discuss the influence of the community intervention program on diabetes mellitus(DM)knowledge in city population in order to provide scientific evidences for designing and implementing DM comprehensive community intervention program.Methods According to the method of experimental epidemiology, two city communities were chosen as intervention community and control community respectively.Since 1997, DM community intervention program were carried out, which was focus on health promotion.Through the comparison between baseline and 4 years later(2001)data on the change of DM awareness and the logistic regression analysis of related factors.The effects and influencing factors of the DM knowledge and community intervention were evaluated.Results Excluding the influence of age and sex, the average score of DM knowledge questionnaire raised 1.07(3.39±1.80 vs.4.46±1.57, P < 0.01)in intervention community 4 years later.While no significant change in control community(2.97±1.84 vs.3.00±1.90, P > 0.05).The percent of people whose total score of DM knowledge was 4 and over raised form 49.3% to 66.2% (P < 0.05)in intervention community.While no signficiant change in control community.In intervention community, the raise of DM knowledge in the groups of less than 40 years old, female and low education level had especially notability.The outcome of the Logistic regression analysis showed that the influence factors were age(OR=1.022)and education level(OR=0.617).Conclusion The DM community intervention program had effects on the knowledge development and maintenance in general population.The people who were old and with low education level should be the main target population in DM knowledge intervention.
下载: