Abstract: The study results show that the filtrate of soaking from small pieces of cloth, scrap of paper or straw, polluted by blood, urine and faeces of mice with HFRSV antigen positive could infect suckling mice under the condition of pH6.5～7.5,4℃～15℃ for 28h.HFRSV antigen could be detected in lung after absorbedHFRSV aerosol labeled with fluorescein for 5 min, and 95% of HFRSV retained in the respiratory tract, and antigen of HFRSV could be detected in pulmonary phagocytes and PBMC after inhaling aerosol for 5 days, and HFRSV-RNA could be amplificated by RT-PCR from heart, lung ,liver and spleen of mice absorbed aerosol for 10 days. HFRSV aerosol was absorbed into blood and engulved by phagocytie system after being inhaled . It took about 10 days for total transportation and elimination by urine. Through mice field research, we found that 15 days after infection, the antigen of HFRSV was detected from the experimental animals and from the control group also, and two strains of HFRSV were isolated from aerosol in the room of experimental animals.