Abstract: 48 Surveillance sopts of HFRS have been established in 30 provinces(or Autonomous regions and Municipal Cities)since 1984 by the Ministry of Public Health and Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine.In 1991 these surveillance spots were adjusted to 41:Yanbian District Xuzhou City,Zhenjiang City Pei County Gongyi City,Pingdingshan City,and Chengdu City were canceled and Jiao he City,Dafeng County,Donghai County,Queshan County,Huaiyang County and Fuling City were added Our Institute was entrusted for in charge of the professional work and study of all these surveillance spots.During the 14 years we had the surveillance andstudy of HFRS trends on human epidemic situation host animals epidemic sources and areas effect control as well as the program of NSFC General Project(study on the structure of epidemic sources and areas and the spreading mechanisms) combined with the whole nation as investigation and laboratory research we got a large number of scientific data.From 1984 to 1997 we examined 203375 samples of human serum.Accordance of them with clinical diagnosis were as follows 80.37% (9153/11389) from 1984 to 1990 and 72 44% ( 11512/15892) from 1991 to 1997.From 1984 to 1990 we examined the serum samples of suspicious patients the accordance of them with clinical diagnosis was 46.51%( 10942/23527 ) the rate of recessive infection of HV in health pecpfe was 2.76% (3838/139063) the classification result of 390 serum samples from recovered patients showed that the virus type of Apodemus agrarius was 53.30%.the type of domestic mouse was 41.77% and the undefined type was 4.93%.Form 1984 to 1990 we also examined the double serum amples of 3144 patients 84 83% of them had 1:320 IgG in 6th days of HFRS and 82 06% of them had 1:320 titer of IgG during the recovered period.We examined the duration time f IgG after suffering from HFRS and the results showed that the duration time of IgG was from one month to 28 years.In 1991 to 1997 the rate of failing to report was fluctuated from 0.70% to 9.24% and the average of it was 2.87% (1031/36295).The total number of mouse clips that had been distributed were 4633647; the number of the small animals that were captured was 395453 arid the average density of them was 8.53%; the number of small animals that were examined the antigen of HV was 356115 arid the positive number of them was 9797; the rate of HV carrier in the small animals was 2.75%.From this surveillance and study we not only understood the epidemic situation of HFRS in human and animals of epidemic sources in epidemic areas but also got a series of scientific achievements on epidemic situation of human (epidemic regulation and character) host animals (classification composition main epidemic sources and spreading mechanisms) district characters of the epidemic sources and features of the epidemic areas,effect control and epidemic forecasting.