Abstract: ObjectiveTo study the sleep quality and its influencing factors among the primary students of grade 4-6 were in Chongqing city and to provide evidence for the prevention and intervention of sleep problems in the students.MethodsTotally 1 523 primary students of grade 4-6 selected with stratified randomly sampling from 9 primary schools of three Chongqing municipal urban districts and investigated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)and a selfdesigned questionnaire.ResultsThe prevalence rate of sleep problems in the students was 26.2%.The overall sleep quality, sleep efficiency,sleep time,and sleep latency of the students from different schools showed significant differences (P<0.05 for all).The students averagely had 9.32±0.81 hours of sleep for one night.The first three sleep disturbances were night waking or morning wake-up problems(8.1%),sleep-onset delays(5.3%),and hot feeling 5.1%.There were 4.7% of the students reporting drowsiness at least three times per week and 2.2% reporting without energy during daytime.Logistic regression analyses revealed that grade,time of watching TV on normal school day,the number of bad hobby of the father,and bad health status of the children could influence sleep quality among the students.ConclusionThe detection rate of sleep problems is high among the primary students of grade 4-6 in urban area of Chongqing city and the average total sleep time is shorter than the normal demand,and the situation should be concerned about.