Abstract: ObjectiveTo examine the status of neglect among urban primary and secondary school students in the western China,and to provide scientific evidence for effective intervention.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with multistage stratified cluster sampling method in some areas of Shannxi province and Chongqing city.ResultsTotally 1 604 subjects aged from 6 to 17 years were recruited.Total prevalence of neglect in the students was 30.30% and the total neglect score was 45.27±8.71;the prevalence of neglect in the boys and girls were 34.88% and 25.23%,respectively (χ²=17.62,P<0.001),and the neglect score for the boys and girls were 46.50±8.79 and 43.92±8.42(u=5.99, P<0.001).The prevalence of neglect among the students aged 6-8,9-11,and 12-17 years were 30.69%,28.74%,and 31.71%,respectively(χ²=1.41,P>0.05),with the neglect scores of 43.34±6.86,42.90±8.42,and 48.49±8.69, respectively(F=84.49,P<0.001).The neglect score in the students aged 12-17 years was the highest.The prevalence and neglect score of the students in three generations families were the lowest but those of the students in single-parent families were the lowest.The neglect prevalence and score for the students in one child families were significantly lower than in non-one child families.ConclusionThe status of neglect in urban primary and secondary school students was serious in the western China and publicity and education on the problem should be strengthened.