女性经前期综合征应用程序调查

陈醒; 白文佩; 霍禹良; 席思思; 毛乐乐; 周应芳

doi:10.11847/zgggws1116534

摘要:

目的依托应用程序调查中国育龄女性经前期综合征，为进一步做好女性经期及经前期保健提供理论依据。

方法于2015年1 — 12月在“大姨吗”应用程序首页发放调查问卷，共对24 670人进行一般情况及经前期综合征相关症状调查。

结果随着年龄增加，经前期和经期便秘、痤疮、发热、腹泻、乳房胀痛、身体酸痛、食欲不佳、头痛、小腹坠胀、眩晕症状的发生率逐渐降低（均P < 0.01）；轻体重女性经前期和经期痤疮、发热、腹泻、乳房胀痛、身体酸痛、食欲不佳、头痛、眩晕的发生率高于其他体重组（P < 0.05）。有性生活的女性痤疮发生率（11.95 %）低于无性生活者（12.95 %）（P < 0.05），而乳房胀痛（15.37 %）、身体酸痛（17.83 %）、眩晕（12.60%）的发生率均高于无性生活者的12.26 %、16.48 %、11.44 %（均P < 0.05）。已生育女性痤疮（10.17 %）、发热（5.79 %）、腹泻（7.57 %）、身体酸痛（16.83 %）、食欲不佳（13.52 %）、小腹坠胀（14.97 %）的发生率均低于未生育女性的13.30 %、8.15 %、10.70 %、18.12 %、14.72 %、19.16 %（均P < 0.05）。有痛经女性经前期和经期便秘（11.45 %）、痤疮（13.18 %）、发热（8.25 %）、腹泻（10.96 %）、乳房胀痛（15.89 % ）、身体酸痛（19.08 %）、食欲不佳（15.95 %）、头痛（14.77 %）、小腹坠胀（19.85 %）、眩晕（13.39 %）症状发生率均明显高于无痛经女性的7.94 %、9.02 %、5.27 %、6.59 %、10.63 %、12.51 %、10.47 %、10.03 %、12.17 %、8.94 %（均P < 0.01）。

结论女性经期和经前期症状与年龄、体质指数、性生活、生育、月经是否规律、痛经等因素有关。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate concomitant symptoms of premenstrual syndrome among Chinese reproductive women and to provide evidences for improving health care in premenstrual and menstrual period among the population.

Methods We conducted an online survey among 24 670 women using a self-designed questionnaire which was dispatched on the homepage of a mobile application named Menstruation from January to December 2015. The questionnaire refers to general demography characteristics and concomitant symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.

Results With the increment of age, the percentage of the participants reporting illness symptoms (constipation, acne, fever, diarrhea, breast distending pain, body aching pain, poor appetite, headache, abdominal bulge, and dizziness) during premenstrual and menstrual period decreased significantly (P < 0.01 for all). The participants with low body mass index (BMI) reported significantly higher occurrence rates of acne, fever, diarrhea, breast distending pain, body aching pain, poor appetite, headache, and dizziness (P < 0.05 for all). Compared to the participants not having sexual activity, those having sexual activity reported significantly lower occurrence rate of acne (11.95% vs. 12.95%, P < 0.05) but higher occurrence rates of breast distending pain (15.37% vs. 12.26%), body aching pain (17.83% vs. 16.48%), and dizziness (12.60% vs. 11.44%) (P < 0.05 for all). In comparison with the participants without delivery history, the participants with delivery history reported significantly lower occurrence rates of acne (10.17% vs. 13.30%), fever (5.79% vs. 8.15%), diarrhea (7.57% vs. 10.70%), body aching pain (16.83% vs. 18.12%), poor appetite (13.52% vs. 14.72%), and abdominal bulge (14.97% vs. 19.16%) (all P < 0.05). Significantly higher occurrence rates of constipation (11.45% vs. 7.94%), acne (13.18% vs. 9.02%), fever (8.25% vs. 5.27%), diarrhea (10.96% vs. 6.59%), breast distending pain (15.89% vs. 10.63%), body aching pain (19.08% vs. 12.51%), poor appetite (15.95% vs. 10.47% ), headache (14.77% vs. 10.03%), abdominal bulge (19.85% vs. 12.17%), and dizziness (13.39% vs. 8.94%)were reported by the participants with dysmenorrhea than by the participants without dysmenorrhea (P < 0.01 for all).

Conclusion Concomitant symptoms in premenstrual and menstrual period associate with age, body mass index, sexual activity, fertility, menstruation regularity, and dysmenorrhea among Chinese reproductive women.

女性经前期综合征应用程序调查

Concomitant symptoms of premenstrual syndrome among Chinese reproductive women: a survey via mobile application