Abstract: Nowadays environment pollution has received widespread attention. Heavy metals are dangerous environment pollutants and their adverse effects on human health can't be ignored. Many studies have found that heavy metals can cause impairments in nervous system, liver, kidney, blood system and so on. Recent years the effects of heavy metals on metabolic syndrome have also caused attention. According to the 12th Five-Year Plan for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Heavy Metal Pollution, lead, mercury, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic have a greater impact on environmental pollution, and need to be concerned specifically. The study reviews epidemiological and experimental progress in the researches on the effects of the five environmental heavy metals on the occurrence and development of metabolic syndrome.