高级检索
吴伟慎, 赵莹, 何海艳, 高志刚, 张颖. 疫苗接种对天津乙型肝炎流行特征影响[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2020, 36(2): 196-200. DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1119557
引用本文: 吴伟慎, 赵莹, 何海艳, 高志刚, 张颖. 疫苗接种对天津乙型肝炎流行特征影响[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2020, 36(2): 196-200. DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1119557
shu
Wei-shen WU, Ying ZHAO, Hai-yan HE, . Impact of hepatitis B vaccine inoculation on prevalence of hepatitis B among 1 – 29 years old population in Tianjin city[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2020, 36(2): 196-200. DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1119557
Citation: Wei-shen WU, Ying ZHAO, Hai-yan HE, . Impact of hepatitis B vaccine inoculation on prevalence of hepatitis B among 1 – 29 years old population in Tianjin city[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2020, 36(2): 196-200. DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1119557
shu

疫苗接种对天津乙型肝炎流行特征影响

Impact of hepatitis B vaccine inoculation on prevalence of hepatitis B among 1 – 29 years old population in Tianjin city

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  比较分析天津市乙型肝炎疫苗（HePB）上市前后普通人群乙型肝炎（HB）发病、病毒感染免疫情况，初步评价控制效果。
      方法  描述2007 — 2017年天津HB发病特征及结合乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）血清感染免疫现状、影响因素等综合比较分析。
      结果  2007 — 2017年1～29岁急性HB发病率为1.47/10万，低于 ≥ 30岁的2.07/10万（χ2 = 150.957，P < 0.001）；男性乙肝发病率高于女性（P < 0.001）。< 24岁未检出乙肝病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）阳性；抗乙肝病毒表面抗体（anti-HBs）阳性率1～4岁组高于5～14岁组（χ2 = 12.869，P < 0.001）和15～29岁组（χ2 = 6.179，P = 0.013），预测新生儿全程接种后anti-HBs阳转率为95.99 %，logistic多因素分析接种疫苗、年龄小与其阳性率高相关（P < 0.05）。
      结论  天津HePB上市后免疫覆盖人群防控效果较好；新生儿接种后anti-HBs阳转率高，会随着年龄率降低，但感染和发病率未增加。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  To compare changes in prevalence of viral hepatitis B (HB) and HB virus infection/immunization among 1 – 29 years old population before and after the inoculation of HB vaccine in Tianjin city and evaluate the outcome of HB prevention and control.
      Methods  We collected data on reported HB cases among residents in Tianjin city from 2007 to 2017 through Infectious Disease Report Information Management System and demographic data of same period from Tianjin Municipal Statistics Bureau. We also conducted a questionnaire survey and blood detection among 585 residents aged 1 – 29 years with random sampling. Serum HB virus surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), HB virus e antigen (HBeAg), antibody to HBeAg (anti-HBe), and antibody to HB core antigen (anti-HBc) were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Descriptive statistics was adopted in data analyses.
      Results  During the period from 2007 to 2017 in the city, the mean incidence rate of acute HB was 1.47/100 000 among the population aged 1 – 29 years, significantly lower than that (2.07/100 000) among those aged ≥ 30 years (χ2 = 150.957, P < 0.001). The incidence rate of HB was significantly higher among the male population than among the female population (P < 0.001). No HBsAg positive individuals were detected among the population less than 24 years old. The positive rate of anti-HBs was significantly higher among the children aged 1 – 4 years than that among those aged 5 – 14 years (χ2 = 12.869) and 15 – 29 years (χ2 = 6.179) (both P < 0.05). The predicted anti-HBs positive rate is 95.99% among the neonates having full-dose vaccination of HB vaccine. The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that HB vaccine inoculation and at younger age were strongly associated with anti-HBs positive (P < 0.05).
      Conclusion  Viral HB epidemic is well under control after the implementation of HB vaccine vaccination among general population in Tianjin city. The positive rate of serum anti-HBs is high among the neonates receiving full-dose HB vaccine inoculation and the HB virus infection rate and HB incidence rate do not increase among the neonates when their anti-HBs positive rate decreases with increment of age.

     

    • HTML全文
    • 参考文献(22)
    • 相关文章
    • 施引文献
  • 资源附件(0)

/

返回文章
返回