广东省EV71疫苗接种水平与手足口病流行分析

杨芬; 梁文佳; 孙立梅; 龙遗芳; 张萌; 李晖; 曾汉日; 郑焕英; 郑慧贞; 朱琦

doi:10.11847/zgggws1119741

广东省EV71疫苗接种水平与手足口病流行分析

Innoculation of enterorirus 71 vaccine and incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Guangdong province

摘要

摘要:
目的了解广东省2016 — 2017年肠道病毒71型（EV71）灭活疫苗接种水平及接种期间手足口病的流行情况。
方法从“中国免疫规划信息管理系统”提取EV71灭活疫苗接种情况报表资料；从“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”收集手足口病普通病例疫情数据、重症及死亡病例疫情数据；在广东省8家哨点医院开展手足口病普通病例EV71感染病原学监测，结合EV71哨点监测结果和网络直报疫情数据来估算EV71感染手足口病发病情况。
结果 2016年9月 — 2017年12月，广东省共报告接种EV71灭活疫苗2 304 456剂次，其中2017年5 — 9月为接种高峰，月平均接种量为198 315剂次。全省平均估算接种率2016年为3.82 %、2017年为10.07 %。21个地市中深圳估算接种率最高，2016年为6.05 %、2017年为19.76 %；汕头估算接种率最低，2016年0.78 %、2017年1.39 %。2017年广东省EV71感染手足口病发病率比2016年下降39.97 %，EV71感染手足口病重症及死亡数下降53.33 %。
结论广东省2016年启动EV71灭活疫苗接种项目以来，疫苗接种水平逐渐增加，但仍处于较低水平；2017年EV71感染手足口病发病率、重症与死亡数比2016年有所下降。

Abstract:
Objective To analyze the innoculation of enterorirus type 71 (EV71) inactivated vaccine and incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Guangdong province from 2016 through 2017.
Methods The data on innoculation of EV71 inactivated vaccine were collected through National Immunization Program Information Management System; the data on mild and severe incidences and mortality of HFMD were obtained from National Disease Report System. Eight sentinel surveillance hospitals in eight prefecture-level city of Guangdong province were selected for pathogenic surveillance on EV71 infection in mild HFMD cases.The infection rate and incidence rate of EV71 were estimated based on sentinel surveillance data via direct network reporting.
Results A total of 2 304 456 doses of EV71 inactivated vaccine were administered in the province from September 2016 through December of 2017. The doses of EV71 innoculation peaked from May to September in 2017, with an average vaccination number of 198 315 doses per month during this period. The estimated average coverage rate of EV71 vaccination among the 6-month – 5-year children were 3.82% in the province in 2016 and 10.07% in 2017. The highest estimated coverage rate was 6.05% of 2016 and 19.76% of 2017 in Shenzhen city and the lowest was 0.78% of 2016 and 1.39% of 2017 in Shantou city. Compared to those in 2016, the estimated EV71 infection incidence decreased by 39.97% and the number of severe and death cases of HFMD decreased by 53.33% in 2017 in Guangdong province.
Conclusion The innoculation of EV71 inactivated vaccine increased gradually after the implementation of vaccination program in 2016, but it is still low. The incidence and mortality of HFMD decreased from 2016 to 2017 in Guangdong province.

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