Objective To explore influencing factors of follow-up and early comprehensive intervention compliance among post-discharge premature infants.

Methods Using cluster sampling, we selected post-discharge premature infants born between June 2012 to September 2014 in 17 hospitals in Beijing and 5 provinces and conducted a 2-year follow-up. Month age-specific early comprehensive interventions were implemented by the infants′ parents under the guidance of professionals. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze influencing factors of follow-up and early comprehensive intervention compliance.

Results Of the 2 802 enrolled premature infants, 668 (23.8%) and 724 (25.8%) were assessed with a better follow-up and early comprehensive intervention compliance. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the premature infants with better-educated mothers (odds ratio OR = 1.341, 95% confidence interval 95% CI: 1.061 – 1.695), in a family with higher household income (OR = 1.434, 95% CI: 1.145 – 1.796), and mainly raised by their parents (OR = 9.696, 95% CI: 7.714 – 12.186) were more likely to have a better follow-up compliance; and those mainly raised by their parents (OR = 8.569, 95% CI: 6.917 – 10.616) and in a family with higher household income (OR = 1.301, 95% CI: 1.058 – 1.601) were more likely to have a better early comprehensive intervention compliance.

Conclusion Main caregivers and household income are associated with follow-up and early comprehensive intervention compliance among post-discharge premature infants.