儿童聚集性场所肠道病毒污染现况调查

龙遗芳; 谭小华; 曾汉日; 杨芬; 李晖; 孙立梅

doi:10.11847/zgggws1121316

儿童聚集性场所肠道病毒污染现况调查

Prevalence of enterovirus contamination in children′s playgrounds, kindergartens and nurseries

摘要

摘要:
目的了解广东省儿童游乐场所及托幼机构环境肠道病毒污染现况。
方法于2015年11 — 12月和2016年6 — 7月、11 — 12月根据地理位置、经济水平、人口结构的不同，选取广东省不同地市县（区）不同类型的儿童游乐场所15家及托幼机构32家进行横断面采样调查，使用荧光定量PCR方法进行肠道病毒核酸检测，并对检测结果进行统计分析。
结果调查儿童游乐场所15家，检测外环境涂抹拭子238份，阳性率为8.40 %；调查托幼机构32家，检测外环境涂抹拭子共6 089份，阳性率为0.36 %，儿童游乐场所阳性率高于托幼机构，差异有统计学意义（χ² = 212.62，P < 0.01）；其中室外儿童游乐场所阳性率（32.26 %）高于室内（4.83 %），差异有统计学意义（χ² = 22.91，P < 0.01），存在污染最严重的物品为室外电动摇摇车，农村游乐场所阳性率（21.25 %）高于城乡结合部（3.03 %）及城市，差异有统计学意义（χ² = 25.84，P < 0.01）；有疫情托幼机构阳性率（0.55 %）高于无疫情的托幼机构（0.26 %），差异有统计学意义（χ² = 3.97，P = 0.046），手足口病流行季节托幼机构阳性率（0.59 %）高于非流行季节（0.13 %），差异有统计学意义（χ² = 6.43，P = 0.01），托幼机构中课室检出阳性率最高（0.46 %）。
结论儿童聚集性场所存在手足口病病原污染情况且儿童游乐场所肠道病毒污染高。

Abstract:
Objective To explore the prevalence of enterovirus contamination in children′s playgrounds, kindergartens and nurseries in Guangdong province.
Methods We conducted three waves of survey at 15 children′s playgrounds and 32 kindergartens and nurseries in regions with different geographic location, economic development, and demographic structure across Guangdong province during epidemic seasons of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) between November and December of 2015 and 2016, June and July of 2016. Articles′ and facilities′ surface swab specimens were sampled and tested with fluorogenic quantitative PCR for detections of HFMD-related enterovirus nucleic acid.
Results The overall enterovirus positive rate was 8.40% for 238 environmental specimens sampled at 15 children′s playgrounds and 0.36% for 6 089 environmental specimens sampled at 32 kindergartens and nurseries, with a significant difference (χ² = 212.62, P < 0.01). The positive rate of outdoor environment specimens was significantly higher than that of indoor environment specimens (32.26% vs. 4.83%, χ² = 22.91; P < 0.01). The most heavily contaminated facilities in children′s playgrounds were electric rocking and rolling cars. The positive rate of specimens sampled at rural playgrounds was significantly higher than that of specimens sampled at sub-urban and urban playgrounds (21.25% vs. 3.03% and 1.02%, χ² = 25.84; P < 0.01). The positive rate (0.55%) of specimens sampled at kindergartens with HFMD epidemic diseases was significantly higher than that (0.26%) of specimens sampled at kindergartens without the epidemic (χ² = 3.97, P < 0.05). For the specimens sampled at kindergartens and nurseries, the overall positive rate in HFMD epidemic seasons were significantly higher than that during other periods (0.59% vs. 0.13%, χ² = 6.43, P = 0.01).
Conclusion There are environment contaminations of enterovirus in children′s playgrounds, kindergartens and nurseries and the contamination is more prevalent in children′s playgrounds in Guangdong province.

HTML全文

参考文献(11)

施引文献

资源附件(0)