负性情绪与网络过度使用对不同社会阶层青少年吸烟行为影响

冯永辉; 李慧; 谌梦桂

doi:10.11847/zgggws1122027

负性情绪与网络过度使用对不同社会阶层青少年吸烟行为影响

Effects of negative emotions and internet overuse on smoking behavior among adolescents with different socioeconomic condition

摘要

摘要:
目的探讨不同社会阶层青少年负性情绪与网络使用的特点及其对吸烟行为的影响，为预防和减少青少年吸烟行为提供依据。
方法采用贝克抑郁量表（BDI-Ⅱ-C）、青少年社交焦虑问卷（SAS-A）中文简要版本、中文网络成瘾量表（CIAS-R）、社会阶层问卷及自编中学生吸烟行为调查问卷对湖南省长沙、常德、娄底、岳阳4个市的1 634名中学生进行调查。
结果吸烟青少年为363人（22.2 %），其中男生335人（92.3 %）；不同社会阶层青少年吸烟行为比较，高、中、低社会阶层青少年吸烟率依次为4.8 %、24.2 %、33.3 %，差异有明显统计学意义（χ² = 51.28，P < 0.001），社会阶层越低，青少年吸烟率越高；高社会阶层青少年与低社会阶层青少年在负性情绪、网络过度使用各维度上差异均有明显统计学意义（P < 0.01）；吸烟行为与抑郁、社交焦虑各维度及网络过度使用各维度呈明显正相关、与社会阶层呈明显负相关，logistic回归结果表明，性别（OR = 0.18）、年级（OR = 1.65）、居住地（OR = 1.24）、社会阶层（OR = 0.94）、抑郁（OR = 1.07）、陌生情境下的回避与苦恼（OR = 0.93）、一般情境下的回避与苦恼（OR = 1.10）、人际健康（OR = 0.93）与时间管理（OR = 1.11）可以较好地预测青少年是否吸烟。
结论处于低社会阶层、人际关系较差、抑郁得分高的高年级农村与城镇男性青少年，在社交情境下吸烟的可能性更高。

Abstract:
Objective To explore the prevalence of negative emotion and and internet use and their influence on smoking behavior among adolescents with different socioeconomic condition and to provide evidences for interventions on smoking in the adolescents.
Methods Using stratified random cluster sampling, we recruited 1 989 students aged 11 – 18 years in 4 high schools in 4 cities of Hunan province for a survey from December 2016 to January 2017. Beck Depression Inventory-Ⅱ-Chinese Version (BDI-II-C), Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A), Internet Addiction Scale – Chinese Version (IAS-C), Social Class Questionnaire, and a self-designed questionnaire on smoking behavior were administered among the students.
Results Among the 1 634 students with valid responses, the reported prevalence rate of smoking was 22.2% and most of the smokers were boy students (92.3%, 335/363); the prevalence rate of smoking differed significantly among the students with different socioeconomic conditions, with the rates of 4.8%, 24.2%, and 33.3% for the students with high, moderate, and low socioeconomic condition (χ² = 51.28, P < 0.001). There were significant differences in the reported negative emotion and internet overuse between the students with high and low socioeconomic condition (P < 0.001). Smoking behavior was positively correlated with depression, social anxiety and internet overuse, but inversely correlated with socioeconomic condition among the students. Logistic regression showed that gender (odds ratioOR = 0.18), grade (OR = 1.65), residence (OR = 1.24), socioeconomic condition (OR = 0.94), depression (OR = 1.07), avoidance and distress in unfamiliar situations (OR = 0.93), avoidance and distress in general situations (OR = 1.10), interpersonal health (OR = 0.93) and time management (OR = 1.11) were significant predictors for smoking.
Conclusion The boy students, the students with low socioeconomic condition, poor interpersonal relation, high depression score, and in high schooling grade are more likely to smoke in social situations.

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