山西省居民食源性疾病KAP状况调查及影响因素分析

袁璐璐; 王玲; 程景民

doi:10.11847/zgggws1122032

山西省居民食源性疾病KAP状况调查及影响因素分析

Knowledge, attitude and practice about foodborne diseases among residents in Shanxi province

摘要

摘要:
目的了解山西省居民食源性疾病知识、态度和行为（KAP）状况，并分析影响因素。
方法 2017年12 — 2018年3月随机抽取山西省60个县区作为调查点，平均每个县区各调查35～40人，利用自制问卷采取现场调查的方式，获取居民关于食源性疾病的认知、态度和行为情况等信息，对定量资料进行描述性分析及χ²检验。
结果有效调查3 283人，其中471人（14.35 %）知晓食源性疾病，年龄41～64岁的居民知晓率最高（16.93 %），城市居民知晓率（15.40 %）高于农村居民（13.04 %），文化程度为硕士及以上的居民知晓率最高（22.86 %），婚姻状况为离异者知晓率高（19.57 %），职业类型为非食品企业者（21.28 %）知晓率较高，月人均收入6 501～10 000元的家庭知晓率较高（17.47 %），差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05），尚不能认为性别和民族是食源性疾病知晓率的影响因素（P > 0.05）；有65人（1.98 %）能够准确辨识食源性疾病；居民在选购食物时，关注度最高的前三位信息是生产日期（保质期）（84.9 %）、新鲜程度（72.5 %）及价格信息（57.6 %）；食源性疾病知晓度对居民在外用餐地点选择上影响较小，不论居民是否知晓食源性疾病都愿意去小饭店或路边摊用餐，但知晓食源性疾病的居民比不知晓食源性疾病的居民去小饭店或路边摊用餐率低10.45 %，差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。
结论居民对食源性疾病知晓率低、辨识率低；居民家庭食源性疾病风险防范行为较差；建议政府相关部门严格规范小饭店或路边摊等食品经营者遵纪守法行为。

Abstract:
Objective To examine the status and influencing factors of knowledge, attitude and practice status (KAP) about foodborne diseases and among residents in Shanxi province.
Methods We recruited 3 500 urban and rural residents in 60 districts or counties in Shanxi province using random sampling and conducted a survey among the residents with a self-designed questionnaire on foodborne disease-related KAP from December 2017 to March 2018. Descriptive statistics and χ² test were performed in data analyses.
Results Among the 3 283 valid respondents, only 471 (14.3%) were aware of foodborne diseases. The awareness rate of foodborne diseases was significantly higher among the respondents aged 41 – 64 years (16.93%), with the education of master degree or above (22.86%), being divorced (19.57%),not being employees in foodstuff enterprises (21.28%), with the average monthly household income of 6 501 – 10 000 RMB yuan per capita (17.47%) (P < 0.05 for all); the awareness rate was higher among urban respondents than among rural respondents (15.40% vs. 13.04%); but gender and ethnicity had no significant impact on the awareness rate (P > 0.05). Only a few (65, 1.98%) of the respondents could recognize foodborne diseases accurately. The top three issues most concerned by the respondents when buying food were production date or expiration date (reported by 84.9% of the respondents), freshness (72.5%) and price (57.6%). The awareness about foodborne disease had little influence on the choice of dining places; but the proportion of having dinner in small restaurants or at roadside stands was 10.45% lower among the respondents with the awareness of foodborne disease than that among the respondents without the awareness and the difference was significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusion The awareness and recognition on foodborne diseases and practice about foodborne disease prevention are all at a low level among urban and rural residents in Shanxi province; the results suggest that effective measures need to be implemented by relevant government agencies.

HTML全文

参考文献(11)

施引文献

资源附件(0)