Objective  To examine the prevalence of high-risk determinants for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its influencing factors among urban and rural residents in Jiangxi province and to provide references for CVD prevention and treatment.

  Methods  We selected 84 347 urban and rural permanent 35 – 75 years old residents in 6 districts/counties across Jiangxi province using random cluster sampling and conducted face-to-face interviews, blood pressure and blood lipids measurements among the residents from September 2015 to June 2017.

  Results  Of 82 678 respondents completing the survey, 17 241 (20.85%) were assessed with at least one CVD high-risk factor; the number (proportion) of the respondents with one, two, and three or more CVD high-risk factors were 13 424 (77.86%), 3 453 (20.03%), and 364 (2.11%), respectively. Among the respondents, the prevalence rate was 1.52% for history of cardiovascular events, 14.82% for hypertension, and 5.89% for dyslipidaemia; the proportion of the respondents with the risk of ≥ 20% for suffering CVD during next ten years was 3.70% based on assessment methodology recommended by World Health Organization. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis indicated that the respondents aged above 40 years, with education of junior high school and above, being farmers, living in rural regions were more likely to have CVD high-risk factors; while the female and married respondents were less likely to have CVD high-risk factors.

  Conclusion  Among 35 – 75 years old residents in Jiangxi province, hypertension is a major high-risk factor of CVD and the people of male gender, living in rural region, at elder age, with the education of junior high school, unmarried, and being farmers are the key populations for intervention on high-risk of CVD.