Abstract: Chromium (Cr) is widely used in industries, which leads to serious Cr (Ⅵ) pollution in environment. Microbial remediation technology has been paid more attentions due to its application prospect compared with traditional methods in the field of remediation of environmental Cr (Ⅵ) pollution. In the article, we summarized the information on bacterial strains with Cr (Ⅵ)-resistance and the researches on relevant molecular mechanisms of bacteria resistant to Cr (Ⅵ) using the whole genome sequencing technology in the perspectives of resistance and reduction; we also summarized extended applications of whole genome sequencing technology and discussed specific application of the technology.