Progress in researches on parenting behaviors and fadeout effect in early childhood development: a review
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摘要: 儿童早期发展离不开看护人养育行为的支持,养育照护框架全面概括了儿童早期所需要的支持,“淡出”效应提示看护人行为是儿童早期发展干预中的重要环节,同时也表明缺乏对看护人养育行为的改变会降低干预的远期效应。本文对养育照护框架、看护人养育行为在儿童早期发展中的作用以及“淡出”效应3个方面的研究进展进行综述,为设计儿童早期发展干预项目提供借鉴。Abstract: Early childhood development is inseparable from the support of parenting behaviors. The support needed in early childhood is comprehensively summarized by 'nurturing care framework'. The fadeout effect suggests that caregiver behaviors is an important part of intervention; the lack of parenting behavior changing in intervention program would reduce the long-term effect of the intervention. The study reviewed the 'nurturing care framework', and recent research on parenting behaviors and fadeout effect to provide references for further intervention program.
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Key words:
- nurturing care /
- parenting behavior /
- early childhood development /
- fadeout effect
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表 1 看护人养育行为的6种风格
行为风格 特点 对儿童发展的影响 温和 关爱,积极照护,参与性强,充满耐心 儿童心理发育状况好,生活质量高,体格发育好,儿童行为问题少 淡漠 对亲子活动没有兴趣,粗暴,敌意,缺乏鼓励 儿童抑郁,体格发育差,儿童行为问题多 规范 明确的规则,行为稳定,并坚定执行 体格发育好 混乱 缺乏原则,行为不稳定,缺乏控制 体格发育差 独立自主 言论自由和行动自由,鼓励独立解决问题,积极参与决策 生活质量好,儿童行为问题少 强制 过度控制,严格服从,纪律严格,惩罚和心理控制,专制 儿童抑郁,生活质量差,体格发育差,儿童行为问题多 -
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