Abstract: Public health emergency has a direct impact on the health of people and challenges China′s emergency response governance. Since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), China has established its public health emergency management system. Yet, how to transform the institution into practice remains a question. Taking the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic as a case and adopting stakeholder theory and institutional collective action framework, the study addresses collaborative mechanisms between the government, public hospitals, media, scientific institutions, enterprises, and the public in public health emergency management. More studies shall be performed to improve public health governance of China.