新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期社区居民疫情信息获得途径及其与心理行为问题关系

金岳龙; 江敏敏; 陈燕; 朱丽君; 方正美; 吴楠; 笃梦雪; 王静; 黄孟云; 姚应水

doi:10.11847/zgggws1128505

新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期社区居民疫情信息获得途径及其与心理行为问题关系

Association of acquisition path of epidemic information with psychological problems during period of novel coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic among community residents in Anhui province

摘要

摘要:
目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎（新冠肺炎）流行期社区居民疫情信息获得途径及其与心理行为问题的关系，为进一步开展心理危机干预提供理论依据。
方法于2020年1月30日 — 2月2日采用问卷星自行设计调查问卷对在安徽省采用方便抽样法抽取的4 016名社区居民以微信和QQ等网络平台推送的方式进行匿名调查。
结果安徽省4 016名社区居民中，新冠肺炎流行期获得疫情信息的途径主要为网络社交工具3 929人（97.8 %），其次为政府机构与专业机构发布2 294人（57.1 %）；社区居民近1周紧张焦虑、恐慌、易怒、疲劳、悲观或失望、盲目消毒和睡眠障碍发生数分别为633、1 454、232、303、199、1 065和1 303人，发生率分别为15.8 %、36.2 %、5.8 %、7.5 %、5.0 %、26.5 % 和32.4 %；社区居民通过1、2、3和 ≥ 4种途径获得疫情信息者分别为650、754、960和1 652人，分别占16.2 %、18.8 %、23.9 % 和41.1 %；通过1、2、3和 ≥ 4种途径获得疫情信息社区居民盲目消毒的发生率分别为33.7 %、26.9 %、23.4 % 和25.3 %，睡眠障碍的发生率分别为38.0 %、33.0 %、30.1 % 和31.4 %。不同疫情信息获得途径种数社区居民盲目消毒和睡眠障碍发生率差异均有统计学意义（χ² = 23.160、12.560，均P < 0.01），且社区居民盲目消毒和睡眠障碍的发生率均随疫情信息获得途径种数的增加呈下降趋势（χ²_趋势 = 13.997、8.215，均P < 0.01）。
结论增加疫情信息的获取途径种数，可部分缓解社区居民盲目消毒和睡眠障碍等心理行为问题。

Abstract:
Objective To examine routes of acquiring relevant information on novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and their correlation with psychological problems during epidemic period among community residents in Anhui province for providing evidences to mental crisis intervention in the residents.
Methods We conducted an online anonymous survey among 4 016 community residents recruited with convenient sampling in Anhui province from January 30 to February 2, 2020. A self-designed questionnaire was distributed via WeChat and QQ platform to collect residents′ status of information acquisition and psychological problems.
Results Valid information were collected from all the respondents. Almost all (3 929, 97.8%) of the respondents reported obtaining COVID-19 epidemic information through online social networks and 2 294 (57.1%) reported getting the information from governmental and professional institutions. Among the respondents, the number (ratio) reporting following mental or behavioral problems during previous one week were 1 454 (36.2%) for panic, 1 303 (32.4%) for sleep disorders, 1 065 (26.5%) for unreasonable disinfection, 633 (15.8%) for anxiety, 303 (7.5%) for fatigue, 232 (5.8%) for irritability, and 199 (5.0%) for pessimism or disappointment, respectively. More respondents reported getting information through more than one route, with the proportion (number) of acquiring information through 1, 2, 3, and ≥ 4 routes of 16.2% (650), 18.8% (754), 23.9% (960) and 41.1% (1 652). The proportion of the respondents reporting unreasonable disinfection and sleep disorders differed significantly by the number of ways for acquiring COVID-19 epidemic information, with the proportions of 33.7%, 26.9%, 23.4%, and 25.3% for unreasonable disinfection (χ² = 23.160, P < 0.01) and the proportions of 38.0%, 33.0%, 30.1%, and 31.4% for sleep disorders (χ² = 12.560, both P < 0.01) for the respondents adopting 1, 2, 3, and ≥ 4 routes to search relevant information. The reported occurrence of unreasonable disinfection and sleep disorders decreased significantly with the reported number of routes for acquiring relevant information (χ²_trend = 13.997 and χ²_trend = 8.215, both P < 0.01).
Conclusion Disseminating relevant information through multiple media among the public during infectious disease epidemic may alleviate psychological and behavioral problems such as unreasonable disinfection and sleep disorders among community residents.

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