Abstract: The worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused increasing concerns on public health security and public health emergency preparedness. The course of COVID-19 epidemic control indicates that in China, the operability of public health emergency preparedness plans made by administrations at various levels need to be improved urgently through strengthening legislation support and standardizing key technical issues; in addition, relevant training, exercise, modification of some measures, and cross-department collaboration mechanism should be embedded into the frameworks of the plans to enhance ability construction of public health emergency preparedness system.