Abstract: Pneumococcus is one of main pathogens leading to infectious acute exacerbation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The World Health Organization and other authoritative organizations recommend that COPD patients should be vaccinated with pneumococcal vaccine, but protective effect of pneumococcal vaccine on COPD patients is still controversial. By searching relevant literatures published in China and other countries till July 2020, we reviewed the immunogenicity and effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) in COPD patients to provide evidences for formulating immunization strategies for the prevention of acute exacerbation of COPD patients in China.