Objective  To examine current situation and influencing factors of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine vaccination among women in Tengzhou city, Shandong province and to provide references for developing strategies on promotion of HPV vaccine vaccination.

  Methods  The study included an analysis on registry data of HPV vaccination among residents in Tengzhou city during 2018 – 2020 and a case-control survey. The cases were 268 women HPV-vaccinated in the three-year period and selected with cluster random sampling in the city; the controls were 1 : 1 gender-, age (± three years)-, and living residence (village/community)-matched un-vaccinated women without contraindications for HPV vaccination. Face-to-face household interviews were carried out among the participants using a self-desinged questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression model was adopted to explore influencing factors of HPV vaccination.

  Results  The average annual coverage rate of HPV vaccination among the women of the city was 0.28% during the period, with a significant higher vaccination rate (0.67%) among the women in urban regions than that (0.13%) among those in rural areas (χ² = 3261.74, P < 0.01) and a significant higher rate (0.54%) among the women aged 30 – 34 years than that (0.1%) among those aged 9 – 14 years (χ² = 1703.87, P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed six significant promoting factors for HPV vaccination as following: married, with the education of collage and above, with an annual personal income of 40 000 yuan RMB and more, having family history of tumor, having knowledge about HPV infection, and believing in the effect of HPV vaccine (P < 0.05 for all).

  Conclusion  The HPV vaccination rate among appropriate age women in Tengzhou city was lower than that among those surveyed in other regions in China and the study results suggest that associated factors should be concerned for promoting HPV vaccination among the women.