空间视角下 ≥ 65岁老年人流感疫苗接种与社会经济关联性

冯军; 戴丽芳; 唐宁; 杜雯; 叶新贵; 雷世光

doi:10.11847/zgggws1137602

空间视角下 ≥ 65岁老年人流感疫苗接种与社会经济关联性

Association of social-economic development with influenza vaccination among older residents in Guizhou province: a spatial autocorrelation analysis

摘要

摘要:
目的从空间视角对 ≥ 65岁老年人流感疫苗接种现状与社会经济水平关联性进行分析，为制定老年人流感疫苗接种策略提供依据。
方法收集2020 — 2021年流感流行季贵州省 ≥ 65岁老年人流感疫苗接种数据，进行数据的地理可视化，利用相关系数、空间自相关等方法对 ≥ 65岁老年人流感疫苗接种与社会经济指标进行相关性分析。
结果研究区域 ≥ 65岁老年人人群接种率为2.15 %（84155/3905500），其中最高的县区为15.84 %（16418/103630）。Pearson相关系数分析结果显示，研究的3个社会经济变量（区域生产总值（GDP）（亿元）、区域人均生产总值（GDP）（万元）、区域常住居民人均可支配收入（万元）与人群接种率均呈正相关，其中常住居民人均可支配收入与 ≥ 65岁老年人群接种率的相关系数最大为0.73（P < 0.01）。全局空间自相关分析结果显示研究区域内 ≥ 65岁老年人群接种率为非随机分布，存在空间自相关性（Moran′s I = 0.5718，Z = 9.4449，P < 0.001），进一步通过两变量的空间自相关分析结果显示 ≥ 65岁老年人群接种率与地区生产总值（Moran′s I = 0.3743，Z = 7.2968，P < 0.001），人均生产总值（Moran′s I = 0.3914，Z = 7.4309，P < 0.001），常住居民人均可支配收入（Moran′s I = 0.5224，Z = 8.9407，P < 0.001）均存在空间自相关。
结论空间视角下研究区域的 ≥ 65岁老年人流感疫苗接种与社会经济水平存在正向相关，即社会经济水平越高，老年人群接种率越高，提示社会经济水平欠发达地区老年人群流感疫苗接种值得关注。

Abstract:
Objective To analyze region-specific correlation of social-economic condition with influenza vaccination among residents aged ≥ 65 years for providing evidences to developing strategies on influenza vaccination in the elderly.
Methods The information on all ≥ 65 years old residents vaccinated with influenza vaccine during an influenza epidemic season (September 1, 2020 – April 30, 2021) in Guizhou province were collected from Guizhou Province Planned Immunization Infor-mation System; county/district specific data on demographics and social-economic development of the same period were extracted from statistics yearbooks of Guizhou province simultaneously. Geographical visualization analyses were performed on the data collected; correlation coefficient and spatial autocorrelation were adopted to assess the relationships between social-economic indicators and the elderly′s influenza vaccination.
Results The overall influenza vaccination rate for the ≥ 65 year old population in the province was 2.15% (84 155/3 905 500) and the highest county/district specific rate was 15.84% (16 418/103 630). Pearson correlation analysis showed that gross domestic production (GDP), regional GDP per capita, and regional disposable income per permanent resident were positively correlated with influenza vaccination rate, with the highest correlation coefficient of 0.73 for the correlation between the disposable income per permanent resident and the influenza vaccination rate (P < 0.01). The results of global spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed a non-random distribution of influenza vaccination prevalence and a spatial autocorrelation of the vaccination rate (Moran′s I = 0.5718, Z = 9.4449, P < 0.001). Further two variable spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated joint spatial autocorrelation of the county/district specific influenza vaccination rate and GDP (Moran′s I = 0.3743, Z = 7.2968, P < 0.001), GDP per capita (Moran′s I = 0.3914, Z = 7.4309, P < 0.001), and disposable income per permanent resident (Moran′s I = 0.5224, Z = 8.9407, P < 0.001).
Conclusion From a spatial perspective, there is a positive correlation between regional influenza vaccination rate in ≥ 65 years old population and social-economic condition, suggesting that special attention should be paid to influenza vaccination among elderly people in regions with underdeveloped social-economic condition.

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