浙江省2020年核电站周围三类海产品中有机结合氚和碳-14放射性水平及人群有效剂量评估

任鸿; 曹艺耀; 王鹏; 林峰; 俞顺飞; 邹华; 赖忠俊; 赵栋

doi:10.11847/zgggws1138317

浙江省2020年核电站周围三类海产品中有机结合氚和碳-14放射性水平及人群有效剂量评估

Radioactivity of organically bound tritium and carbon-14 in sea food from waters near nuclear power plant and committed effective dose of exposed people in Zhejiang province, 2020

摘要

摘要:
目的了解浙江省2020年核电站周围三类海产品中有机结合氚和碳 – 14放射性水平及人群有效剂量，为日本核废水排放后对浙江省环境和生物影响提供数据支撑。
方法于2020年4 — 10月分别在浙江省秦山核电站和三门核电站周围设立了嘉兴海盐县和台州三门县2个监测点，以舟山定海区作为对照点，采集海鱼、海虾、海贝三类海产品测定有机结合氚和碳 – 14放射性活度浓度并结合浙江省居民的食用量估算人群有机结合氚和碳 – 14年摄入量及其所致年待积有效剂量。
结果嘉兴市海盐县、台州市三门县、舟山市定海区三类海产品中有机结合氚和碳 – 14放射性活度浓度分别为 < MDL～0.24和3.53～12.20、0.29～0.42和11.55～20.34、 < MDL～0.34和8.35～19.59 Bq/kg（鲜重），所致人群有机结合氚和碳 – 14年摄入量分别为4.79和242.19、8.61和397.55、11.56和529.63 Bq，所致年待积有效剂量总值为1.41 × 10^{– 4}、2.31 × 10^{– 4}和3.08 × 10^{– 4} mSv/年，分别占年剂量约束值的0.06%、0.09%和0.12%。
结论浙江省2020年核电站周围三类海产品中有机结合氚与碳 – 14放射性活度浓度与舟山地区基本一致，均处于本底水平，所致有机结合氚和碳 – 14年摄入量及年待积有效剂量值较小，人群有效剂量负担轻微。

Abstract:
Objective To examine the radioactivity of organically bound tritium (OBT) and carbon-14 (¹⁴C) in seafood from waters near nuclear power plant and to estimate annual committed effective dose of people exposed to the sea food in Zhejiang province for providing background data for assessing environmental and biological impacts of potential pollution due to the discharge of nuclear wastewater from foreign nuclear power plant.
Methods The survey was conducted at two monitoring sites in Haiyan and Sanmen county close to two nuclear power plants and a control site in Dinghai district of Zhoushan city in Zhejiang province during April – October 2020. Fish, shrimp and seashell samples were collected to determine radioactivity of OBT and ¹⁴C in edible parts of the samples. The committed effective dose of people potentially exposed to the sea food was estimated based on the detection results and estimated consumption amount of the sea food.
Results For the samples collected at the sites in Haiyan county, Sanmen county, and the control district, the radioactivity (in Bq/per kilogram fresh edible sea food) of OBT ranged from < method detection limit (MDL) to 0.24, < MDL to 0.42, and < MDL to 0.34 and those of ¹⁴C ranged from 3.53 to 12.20, 11.55 to 20.34, and 8.35 to 19.59, respectively; the estimated annual radioactive dose (in Bq) for an individual due to the exposure to OBT in the sea food consumed were 4.79, 8.61, and 11.56 and those due to the exposure to ¹⁴C were 242.19, 397.55, and 529.63; the corresponding committed effective dose (in mSv/per year) for an individual exposed to both OBT and ¹⁴C in the sea food were 1.41 × 10^{– 4}, 2.31 × 10^{– 4}, and 3.08 × 10^{– 4}, accounting for 0.06%, 0.09%, and 0.12% of personal annual radioactive dose constraint value, respectively.
Conclusion The radioactive activity of OBT and ¹⁴C in three types of sea food from waters in areas near nuclear power plant were not significantly different from that in the sea food from waters in control area and at a background level in Zhejiang province in 2020. The annual radioactive exposure to OBT and ¹⁴C and the committed effective radioactive dose for individuals with consumption of the sea food were relatively low, so as the radioactive dose burden for local population.

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