Abstract: Based on the data of the WHO project "Impact of Health Education on Br eastfeeding and Contr aceptive Behav ior:A Cohort Study of Postpartum Breasteffding and Contracept ive Behavior in Shang hai",we analyzed the impact of health education on postpartum contraception.The results showed postpartum contraceptive rate increased as time going on,and the accumulative contraceptive rate was higher than 90% at the fifteenth month.The educating activity of the project increased contraceptive rate,but it only increased postpartum contraceptive rate among women whose level of education was not lower than college.Results implied that,in order to meet womencs need,health education should be improved in basic level.The effect of health education much depanded on the time,characteristics of educators and subjects,and the procedure of education as well.Reproduct ive health education should focused on women who was less educated,particularly the peasants in rural counties,and it should be suitable for the subjects.