Abstract: ObjectivesTo explore the relation between heat shock proteins and heat stress of men in dry-heat desert.MethodThe plasma HSP70 asnd HSP27,heart beat,rectal temperatrure and body heat storage index(BHSI)of 57 marchers and 14 controls were detected.ResultsWith 15kg at both 3.5km/h and 5.0km/h,the plasma HSP27 in the marching groups were much more than the control(P<0.05);and the plasma HSP70 in the marching groups were slightly over the control(P>0.05);the heart beat in marching groups were more than the control(P<0.05).B HSI is much more than the control except that B HSI in the groups marching for 1 and 2 hours at 3.5km/h.were much less than the control.ConclusionsThere is a close relation between HSP27 and heat stress,and no relation between HSP70 and heat stress with load.Therefore,HSP27 is better than HSP70 in the monitor of heat stress.It is within 2 hours that the march goes at 5.0km/h.With 15kg in dry-heat desert.