Abstract: Objective To understand the risk factors of noninsulin dependent mellitus(NIDDM)in urban area and to provide the inter vention strategy for high risk population and whole population.Methods The one to one matched case control study of 126 NIDDM patients are investigsted,the data are analyzed by conditional logistic regression model.Results It shows that family history of diabetes(OR=3.713),hyperlipoproteinemia(OR=3.292),body weight index(OR=3.055),hyper tension,diet habit (favor of meat and sweet diet)are the main risk factors of NIDDM.Conclusion The results suggest that the heredity play a role in the pathog enesis of NIDDM and obesity,hypertension and hyperlipoproteinemia are the most important risk factors in the NIDDM etiology.The community NIDDM intervention should be stressed on the diet,exercise,control of body weight and blood pressure,and prevention propagation to the common and special risk factors of different population groups.