Abstract: Objective To study the relationship between the secretion functions of immune cells in human breast milk and neonatal immune.MothodEnzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA)was used to detect tumor necrosis facto-ralpha(TNFA),interleukin-6(IL-6)and interleukin-8(IL-8).Results In the colostrum group,the levels(medium)of mononuclear cells secreting cytokines were TNF-A0.364μg/L,IL-6 0.114μg/L,IL-8 0.644μg/L,and were significantly higher than those of the mature milk(P<0.01).The difference of indices in colostrum group and mother blood group had no significance.There was no correlation between TNF-A,IL-6,IL-8 in colostrum group and homologous indices in mother blood group.Conclusion It showed that in the colostrum,the level of immune cells secreting cytokines was significantly higher than that of the mature milk; Breast feeding may enhance the ability of anti-infection in neonate.To promote greatly breas-tfeeding was advantageous to the health of neonate.