Abstract: ObjectiveTo understand the patterns of idseases injuries and death of the residents from 1995 to 2000 and to provide scientific bases for the important points and strategies of controlling diseases of Henan in 21 th century.MethodsTo study the causes of resident's diseases injuries and death in Henan province by means of mortality,years of potential life lost(YPLL) working years of potential life lost(WYPLL).ResultsAccording to the analysis of mortality,the first four causes is heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,cancer and injury poison.From the YPLL and WYPLL,injury poison,cancer,heart disease and cerebrovascular disease are on the top ranks.So not only are these four kinds of death causes mainly harmful to the health of the residents in Henan,but also the main cause for ‘earlier death' which results in the year of potential life lost and working year potential life lost.ConclusionOn the benefits of economic cost and general efficiency,the prevention and treatment of injury poison and cancer should be focused on the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases,which will be carried on when we make the plan for disease control in 21th century in Henan.