高藻水预氧化除藻效能与水质安全性分析

刘卫华; 季民; 杨洁; 孙丽娜

doi:10.11847/zgggws2005-21-11-25

高藻水预氧化除藻效能与水质安全性分析

Study on decomposition of pollutants in algae-bloom water and analysis of drinking water safety

摘要

摘要:
目的研究臭氧、稳定性二氧化氯对藻类、细菌、色度、浊度及氨氮、UV254(在254 nm波长下水样的吸光度)等有机物的去除效果, 并检测氧化出水的安全性.
方法对高藻期引滦水进行臭氧、稳定性二氧化氯预氧化出水对比研究.
结果臭氧、稳定性二氧化氯具有较好的杀藻、灭菌效果; 当进水叶绿素-a 22.4~50.4μg/L时, 臭氧、稳定性二氧化氯除藻效果受原水藻浓度的影响较小, 但受pH影响显著, 随pH降低, 藻类去除率增加.与除藻效果不同, pH对臭氧、稳定性二氧化氯灭菌能力基本无影响.与臭氧相比稳定性二氧化氯除浊、脱色效果不理想.臭氧、稳定性二氧化氯均不能去除水中氨氮, 且臭氧出水氨氮升高.臭氧对UV254表征的具有共轭结构或含有芳环结构的不饱和有机物去除效果好.2种氧化剂均可有效控制三氯甲烷、四氯化碳的生成, 提高饮用水安全性.
结论臭氧、稳定性二氧化氯均可安全、有效地预处理高藻水, 臭氧较稳定性二氧化氯效果更优.

Abstract:
Objective To conducte xperimental researches on the removal efficiencies of algae, bacteria, NH₃-N and UV254 by ozone(O₃)and stationary chlorine dioxide(ClO₂), and to study the safety of the effluent.
Methods O₃ and ClO₂ were used to pretreatalgae-bloom waterin lab test.
Results Algae and bacteria could be removed effectively in pre-oxidation by O₃ and stationary ClO₂.Algae concentration in the raw water had little effecton algae removal atchlor ophyll concentration of 22.4~20.4 μg/L.However, algae removal had been affected significantly by pH value.The removal rate of algae increased with decrease of pH value, while the effectof pH value on bacteria removal was notsig nificant.Compared with O₃, stationary ClO₂ could notremove the turbidity and the chroma effectively.Meanwhile, the NH₃-N concentration increased in the water afterthe process of ozonation.The removal of UV254 was greatlyenhanced by ozonation.The for mation of CHCl₃ and CCl₄ could be controlled notonly by O₃ butalso the stationary ClO₂, and the safety of drinking water could be also improved.
Conclusion Bo th O₃ and ClO₂ could pretreatalgae-bloom watereffectively and safely.Compared with ClO₂, O₃ was better.

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