深圳市城区学前儿童行为问题及家庭因素调查

龚建华

doi:10.11847/zgggws2006-22-01-50

深圳市城区学前儿童行为问题及家庭因素调查

龚建华

Study on behavioral problems and family factors of preschool chileren in Shenzhen city

GONG Jianhua

摘要

摘要:
目的探讨深圳市城区学前儿童行为问题的发生率及其相关家庭因素.
方法使用Achenbach儿童行为量表及家庭调查问卷, 调查罗湖区3 047名4~6岁儿童的行为发育和相关家庭情况.
结果行为问题检出率为25.9%, 行为问题各因子检出率为0.6%~7.9%.男童前5位的行为问题因子为攻击(7.9%)、忧郁(5.9%)、违纪(5.3%)、社交退缩(2.6%)及分裂样(2.4%); 女童前5位的行为问题因子为分裂样(6.2%)、躯体诉说(5.6%)、多动(5.4%)、社交退缩(5.3%)及忧郁(4.8%).对学前儿童行为问题有显著影响的家庭因素有家长对孩子管教方式不当、带养人文化程度低、父母关系不和谐、父子相处时间少、生活环境变迁较频繁、父亲职业不稳定等.
结论深圳市城区学前儿童行为问题发生率较近几年全国其它地区文献报道为高, 表明在经济发达地区学前儿童行为问题已成为亟待解决的公共卫生问题.

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the societal factors of behavioral problems of preschool chilren.
Methods 3 047 chilren aged 4~6 years in 23 kinderg artens and their parents and teachers were surveyed with Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL)and questionnaire respectively.
Results 25.9% children occured the behavioral problems.The main family factors contributing to preschool children's behavioral problems were ill educational pattern and marital status of parent, low cultural degree of fosterer, little together time with father and child, frequent variational habitat in child's forepart, etc.
Conclusion The behavioral problems of preschool children are relevant to multiple societal factors.

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