西部贫困地区村卫生室药物使用情况分析
Analysis on drug application in village health posts in poor rural area of western China
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摘要:目的 了解中国西部38个贫困县村卫生室药物使用情况, 为进一步完善村卫生室管理提供基础资料。方法 在西部8个省市区选择38个县, 每县随机抽取5个乡, 每个乡随机抽取3个村进行调查, 收集每个村卫生室处方60张, 共25 870张, 进行分类统计分析。结果 各贫困县处方使用的西药种类在83~202种之间, 其中内蒙古、广西、江西各县西药类基本药物比例较高, 分别占95.24%, 87.71%和80.73%, 宁夏则只有34.73%, 青海为53.95%;四川、重庆各县中成药类基本药物比例分别为41.45%和51.77%。处方药的西药使用中, 抗感染药使用比例最高, 达到44.19%;中成药中的清热剂、解表剂、止咳平喘祛痰剂的使用占50%以上; 每次就诊处方药物平均品种数2.52个; 药物三联率25.75%;静脉注射给药方式占3.50%。结论 应加强村卫生室药物使用的规范化管理以及乡村医生的培训指导, 巩固和完善村卫生室预防保健的职能。Abstract:Objective To learn the status of drug application in village health posts in thirty-eight poverty areas of western china.Methods Five townships were sampled randomly from each county, three villages from each county.In each village health post a survey on sixty prescriptions was conducted.Results The range category of western medicines in each province was 83-202;The proportion of medicine prescribed from the Essential Medicines List in Innore mongolia, Guangxi, Jiangxi were upper, that's 95.24%, 87.71% and 80.73%, and that in Ningxia was 34.73%, Qinghai was 53.95%;The proportion of the Essential Medicines List for traditional Chinese medicine in Sichuan and Chongqing were 41.45% and 51.77%;The application rates of anti-infection drugs was the highest of all; A verage number of medicines prescribed perpatient encounter was 2.52;The rate of three kinds of drugs using together was 25.75%;The use rate of mainline was 3.50%.Conclusion In order to deal with these problems, some suggestions should be made to consolidate and perfect village health posts'function of health care.