Abstract: Objective To explore the environmental risk factors of female breast cancer and to provide theory foundation for studying the etiology and primary prevention of breast cancer.Methods A 1:1 matched case-control study method was adopted.All cases and controls were recruited from five large hospitals in Tangshan.175 new female breast cancer patients from April 2004 to July 2005 were selected as cases.Face-to-face investigation was carried out adopting the questionnaire.1:1 matched χ² test was adopted to analyse single factor.Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to develop multivariate model for risk factors of breast cancer.Results One-way analysis showed the long years of indoor pesticides use,the long years of organic solvents exposure and pesticides exposure,pollution around residence,long years of passive smoking and more radiation examination were risk factors.Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed the long years of indoor pesticides use and organic solvents exposure were associated with female breast cancer.The more longer exposure,the more greater risks.Higher intake frequencies of vegetables and soybean food were related to decreased risks of female breast cancer.Conclusion The long years of indoor pesticides use and organic solvents exposure were risk factors of breast cancer.Higher intake of vegetables and soybean food were protective factors.