Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effect of health promotion school model smoking prevention and control in adolescence.Methods A cluster randomized control trial was conducted among the 2 343 adolescents in four secondary schools in Huangpu district of Guangzhou and the intervention effect was evaluated after one year.Results The average score of smoking-related knowledge for the experimental group increased from 910 at baseline to 1115 after one year while it increased from 811 to 915 for the control group;and the rise was higher in the experimental group than in the control group.At the baseline,the prevalence of experimental smoking in the control group and the experimemal group was 21.5% and 18.6% respectively,and the difference between them was not significant(P<0.05).But after one year of the intervention,the prevalence of experimental smoking increased to 21.5% in the intervention group while that to 25.8% in the control group,and the difference between them was statistically significant(P<0.05).Similarly,there was no significant difference for the prevalence of weekly smoking between the two groups at baseline(5.1% in the control group vs.4.1% in the experimental group,P>0.05),but a significant difference was obtained after one year of the intervention(9.8% in the control group vs.5.3% in the experimental group,P<0.001).Concurrently,the prevalence of current smoking increased from 3.88% at the baseline to 7.27% for the control group while it did from 2.54% to 4.26% for the experimental group after one-year intervention,and the increase of the later was lower than the former.The prevalence of quitting smoking in the regular smokers of the control group decreased from 72.5% at the baseline to 6516%after one-year intervention,on the contrary,the prevalence of quitting smoking increased in the experimental group.Conclusion The intervention measures could improve the students' smoking-related knowledge,and partly prohibited the increasing of smoking prevalence among them,buthad less impact on smoking-related attitude.Therefore,it is applicable and valuable for us to prevent and control smoking among Chinese adolescents with health promotion school model.