Abstract: Objective To analyze the prevalence of hy pertension and cognition abouthypertension related knowledge in rural community in Anhui province for further interveion and management.Methods Across-sectional survey was conducted in 9 rural communities of Feixi county in Anhui province in 2005.A total of 9 280 residents aged above 30 years old were selected with cluster sampling.All subjects were investigated by questionnaires and their blood pressures,body weight,heart rate,abdominal circumference were measured at the same time.Results The prev alence rate of hyper tension among subjects was 20.6%.Residents were generally lack of comprehensive understanding the knowledge of hyper tension.The associated factors of the rate of hypertension cognition including age,sex,education,family history,economy status.Conclusion By now rural residents are still in the want of health care about common chronic diseases.It's very essential to carry outhealth education,and promote the health intervention to prevent and control the hypertension in the community.