Abstract: Objective To investigate potential risk factors for malignant lymphoma(ML).Methods A hospital-based 1:2 matched case-control study was carried out with 72 cases of ML pathologically diagnosed and 144 non-ML neoplasm and non-neoplasm controls in Nantong city,Jiangsu province.Data were collected by face-to-face interview with questionnaire.Data were analyzed through fitting a multidimensional Logistic regression models to select related variables by Stata version 7.0 software.Results Environmental pollution(O R=21747,90%CI=11216～61204),exposure to organic solvents(O R=4.310,90%CI=1.079～17.219),exposure to fertilizer and pesticide(OR=2.648,90%CI=1.188～5.903),medical history of cancer other than ML(OR=7.586,90%CI=1.202～47.890)and family history of cancer(OR=5.268,90%CI=2.054～13.515)were all associated with increased risk for ML.Frequent intake of freshwater fish and shrimp(O R=0.456,90%CI=0.246～0.842),however,could decrease the risk for ML.Conclusion Environmental pollution,exposure to organic solvent,exposure to fertilizer and pesticide,medical history of cancer other than ML and family history of cancer seemed to be associated with ML,while frequently eating freshwater fish and shrimp could reduce the risk for ML.