Abstract: ObjectiveTo analyze the measles epidemic characteristic and evaluate the control efficacy after carriying out the public health emergency response systems by the government in Hainan province,and provide the science basis for measles elimination.MethodsThe measles case data was collected from the epidemiological investigation and surveillence report system,adopting the descriptive study to analyze the measles epidemiological characteristic and the efficacy of measles vaccine immunity campaign.Results763 measles cases was reported in 2006,the incidence rate was 912/100 000,triple of 2005,and the highest in the last decade.95.2% of counties had the cases reported,the seasonal peak appeared from March to April.85.6% of the measles cases were under 14 years old.81% without measles vaccine(MV)immunity history or immunity condition were unclear.The constituent ratio of floating people cases was 25%.2 million targets of 8M～I4Y were received.MV immunity protection,the total target's MVcoverage was≥95%,and the measles epidemic situation got to control quickly and effectively.The incidence rate descend to the average level of former 5 years.ConclusionThe accumulation of the herd susceptibility is the main factors of measles epidemic in 2006,it make positive effect for measles control that the government carry out the public health,emergency response system.