Abstract: ObjectiveTo evaluate the dietary pattern of rural residents in Anhui and Xinjiang provinces so that the intervention measures be made according to the real situation.MethodsIn the project counties of Anhui and provinces random cluster sampling was used to select 2203 study people aged 15～69 years old and face to face interview was carried out.ResultsIn the study population 64.7% of people took fresh vegetable every day,27.7% of people chose preserved food more than 3 days a week,but 88.6% of people chose milk and milk product less than 1 day a week,51.4% of people chose bean product less than 1 day a week.The 67.5% of Han people and 55.4% of minority insisted on having breakfast everyday.The eating frequencies of fresh vegetable,bean product,milk and milk product,preserved food,fried food and sweetmeat of Anhui people were higher than that of Xinjiang people.Consumption frequencies of fresh vegetable,fruit,milk and milk product,preserved food and sweetmeat were variable in different provinces.The consumption frequencies of fruit,bean product,preserved food and sweetmeat were variable in different age groups.It was showed the higher of the education level the lower of eating frequency of the preserved food.ConclusionThe dietary pattern of rural residents in Anhui and Xinjiang provinces is not reasonable and needs to be improved.