Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of metabo lic syndrome and its risk factors among Mongolian people in Tongliao city.Methods A total of 2589 Mongolian people aged 20 and elder from agricultural and pastoral areas in Tongliao City of Inner Mongolia were included in this study.A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect data by personal interviewusing a standar dquestio nnaire.Height,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,bloo dpressure,fasting plasma glucose,blood fat and CRP were measured.Results 2 536 people completed all biochemical examination.The crude prevalence of metabolic syndrome(M S)was 20.9%,and women had a higher prevalence of MS than men(women 26.4%,men 12.9%,χ²=671 85,P<0.001).The age-standardized prevalence of the MS was 17.1%,and compared with men,women had a higher prev alence of MS(woman 21.6%,man 11.4%,χ²=44.86,P<0.001).The prevalence of obesity,raised blood pressure,raised triglycerides,reduced HDL-cholesterol,and raised fasting glucose was 36.0%,50.7%,17.5%,54.0% and 22.2%,respectively.The result of univariable Logistic regression showed that age,female,smoking,drinking,family hypertension history,T C,L DL-C,apoB,CRP,hip circumference,waist-hipratio and BMI index were risk factors of MS in the subjects(P<0.05).After controlling for confounding factors,age,female,L DL-C,CRP,hip cir cumference,waist-hip ratio and BMI index were risk factors of the MS(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in local Mongolian people was high,and compared with men,women had a higher prevalence of M S.After controlling for confounding factors,age,female,L DL-C,CRP,hip circumference,waist-hip ratio and BMI index were independent risk factors of the MS among Mongolian people in agricultural and pastoral areas.