Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence and risk factors of suicidal ideation among medical college undergraduates.Methods 2 493 underg raduates in a medical college in the no rth China were investig ated using Beck Depression Inventory(BDI),Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI),Beck Hopelessness Scale(BHS),Adolescent Health-related Behavior Questionnaire,Adolescent Self-Rate Life Events Check List(ASLEC),Simple Coping Modes Questionnaire,Suicide Attitude Questionnaire(QSA)and Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4(PDQ-4).Multivariate Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for suicidal ideation.Results Inrecent one year prior to the investigation,5.56% of respondents had suicidal ideation.There was no difference between female and male.The prevalence of suicidal ideation in the singleton (7.24%)was higher than that of the non-singleton(4.80%)(P<0.05).The main risk factors for suicidal ideation were singleton,depression,negative life events,negative coping style and positive attitude toward suicide.Conclusion Appropriate measures focucing on the risk factors identified in this study should be developed to prevent suicide in college students.